A New, Iterative, Synchronous-Response Algorithm for Analyzing the Morton Effect

The present work proposes a new computational algorithm for analyzing Morton Effect using a Successive Iterative Synchronous Response Algorithm (SISRA). Previous studies on the Morton Effect were based on Eigen or Nyquist analysis for stability studies and predicted only an onset speed of instability. The outcome of SISRA is the convergence of response to a steady state orbit in a finite number of iterations. A progressive increase in the response with increasing running speed indicates the former instability. SISRA predicts both the synchronous response for the speed range of concern plus the speed where the response becomes divergent. SISRA is implemented in a Timochenko-beam-based finite-element rotordynamics software suite. SISRA analyzes the Morton Effect as a synchronous response problem with excitations from: (1) mechanical imbalance, (2) induced thermal bent shaft moments, and (3) mechanical imbalance that is induced by thermal bow. A general elliptical orbit can be decomposed into the sum of forward and backward circular orbits. As input, SISRA requires that, at a specified speed, equilibrium position, and orbit: (1) the predicted maximum differential temperature, and (2) the angle between hot spot (position of maximum temperature) and position of minimum film thickness. Two examples from the published literature are considered. SISRA predicted higher vibration levels, even before the motion diverges due to Morton Effect. In some cases, the synchronous response of the system due to Morton Effect is orders of magnitude greater than the response due only to mechanical imbalance. The combined effects of: (1) mechanical imbalance with induced thermal bent shaft moments, and (2) mechanical imbalance with thermally induced mechanical imbalance are also studied. The impact of induced thermal bent shaft moments is found to be greater than the mechanical imbalance induced by thermal bow. A parametric investigation on the impact of the changes of (1) bearing length to diameter ratio, (2) reduced viscosity of the lubricant, (3) bearing radial clearance to radius ratio and (4) overhung mass magnitude is performed to consider their respective impacts on synchronous response. Based on the available input data and the cases considered, reducing viscosity and reducing the overhung mass are found to be the best remedies to alleviate problems arising from the Morton Effect

Administrator and Fidelity Based Secure Routing (AFSR) Protocol in MANET

The proliferation of mobile computing and communication devices are driving a revolutionary change in our information society. Among all the applications and services run by mobile devices, network connections and corresponding data services are without doubt the most demanded services by mobile users. A MANET is a continuously self-configuring, infrastructure-less network of mobile devices connected without wires, which makes it ideal for the present scenario. But, due to lack of any centralized infrastructure and access to trusted authorities, the security in MANET poses a huge threat. The prominent routing protocols we know are generally designed for environments where the nodes within a network are non-malicious. Due to the vulnerable nature of the mobile ad hoc network, there are numerous security threats that disturb its development. We propose a protocol for MANETs named “Administrator and Fidelity Based Secure Routing Protocol” (AFSR), which ensures secure routing through the network: by electing an Administrator node on the basis of Willingness and Fidelity, after which a node only communicates to that secure Admin node. This selection of secured admin nodes results in mitigation of various threats. We have evaluated our proposed protocol by simulating and comparing in GloMoSim

Market subjectivity and neoliberal governmentality in higher education

Using an interpretive case study in a business school in India, this research examines student behaviour and offers an understanding of a marketisation process in higher education. The study deploys Foucault\u27s conceptualisation of governmentality and uncovers processes through which market subjectivity is fostered among students as they strive to become responsible, active, and entrepreneurial subjects. The subject position is attributed to several governmental discourses of peer pressure, abnormality, uncritical pedagogy, loan repayment, and elitism that prevail in the business school. The study further highlights the roles of English language and preference for western corporations which are unique to postcolonial India. Market subjectivity results in the prevalence of instrumental rationality, failure to develop a critical academic perspective, subordination of social concerns, and disenchantment and exclusion among some students

A Meta Analysis of Different Herbs (Leaves, Roots, Stems) Used in Treatment of Cancer Cells

The initial step in the progression of cancer is the deformation of normal cells, which is caused by mutations in the DNA of the cell. This abnormal cell, during the process of it’s asexual reproduction, acquires invasion characteristics and causes alterations in the tissues that are around it, while at the same time ignoring signals linked to the regulation of cell growth that are present in its immediate environment. It would appear that a significant number of the chemical compounds that are created by plants do not play any direct role in the growth of plants. These kinds of molecules are referred to by the phrase "secondary metabolite," which is short for "secondary metabolites." Essential components include alkaloids, terpenoids, flavonoids, pigments, and tannins. Secondary metabolites are responsible for a wide variety of biological effects, including those on hematopoietic cells, lipids, and the cardiovascular system. Other biological effects can also be linked to secondary metabolites

Type 1 diabetes, COVID-19 vaccines and short-term safety: Subgroup analysis from the global COVAD study

AIMS/INTRODUCTION Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccinations have been proven to be generally safe in healthy populations. However, the data on vaccine safety in patients with type 1 diabetes are scarce. This study aimed to evaluate the frequency and severity of short-term (<7-day) adverse vaccination events (AEs) and their risk factors among type 1 diabetes patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study analyzed data from the COVID-19 vaccination in Autoimmune Diseases (COVAD) survey database (May to December 2021; 110 collaborators, 94 countries), comparing <7-day COVID-19 vaccine AE among type 1 diabetes patients and healthy controls (HCs). Descriptive statistics; propensity score matching (1:4) using the variables age, sex and ethnicity; and multivariate analyses were carried out. RESULTS This study analyzed 5,480 completed survey responses. Of all responses, 5,408 were HCs, 72 were type 1 diabetes patients (43 females, 48.0% white European ancestry) and Pfizer was the most administered vaccine (39%). A total of 4,052 (73.9%) respondents had received two vaccine doses. Patients with type 1 diabetes had a comparable risk of injection site pain, minor and major vaccine AEs, as well as associated hospitalizations to HCs. However, type 1 diabetes patients had a higher risk of severe rashes (3% vs 0.4%, OR 8.0, 95% confidence interval 1.7-36), P = 0.007), although reassuringly, these were rare (n = 2 among type 1 diabetes patients). CONCLUSIONS COVID-19 vaccination was safe and well tolerated in patients with type 1 diabetes with similar AE profiles compared with HCs, although severe rashes were more common in type 1 diabetes patients

An image dataset of cleared, x-rayed, and fossil leaves vetted to plant family for human and machine learning

Leaves are the most abundant and visible plant organ, both in the modern world and the fossil record. Identifying foliage to the correct plant family based on leaf architecture is a fundamental botanical skill that is also critical for isolated fossil leaves, which often, especially in the Cenozoic, represent extinct genera and species from extant families. Resources focused on leaf identification are remarkably scarce; however, the situation has improved due to the recent proliferation of digitized herbarium material, live-plant identification applications, and online collections of cleared and fossil leaf images. Nevertheless, the need remains for a specialized image dataset for comparative leaf architecture. We address this gap by assembling an open-access database of 30,252 images of vouchered leaf specimens vetted to family level, primarily of angiosperms, including 26,176 images of cleared and x-rayed leaves representing 354 families and 4,076 of fossil leaves from 48 families. The images maintain original resolution, have user-friendly filenames, and are vetted using APG and modern paleobotanical standards. The cleared and x-rayed leaves include the Jack A. Wolfe and Leo J. Hickey contributions to the National Cleared Leaf Collection and a collection of high-resolution scanned x-ray negatives, housed in the Division of Paleobotany, Department of Paleobiology, Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History, Washington D.C.; and the Daniel I. Axelrod Cleared Leaf Collection, housed at the University of California Museum of Paleontology, Berkeley. The fossil images include a sampling of Late Cretaceous to Eocene paleobotanical sites from the Western Hemisphere held at numerous institutions, especially from Florissant Fossil Beds National Monument (late Eocene, Colorado), as well as several other localities from the Late Cretaceous to Eocene of the Western USA and the early Paleogene of Colombia and southern Argentina. The dataset facilitates new research and education opportunities in paleobotany, comparative leaf architecture, systematics, and machine learning.Fil: Wilf, Peter. State University of Pennsylvania; Estados UnidosFil: Wing, Scott L.. National Museum of Natural History; Estados UnidosFil: Meyer, Herbert W.. State University of Pennsylvania; Estados UnidosFil: Rose, Jacob A.. State University of Pennsylvania; Estados UnidosFil: Saha, Rohit. State University of Pennsylvania; Estados UnidosFil: Serre, Thomas. State University of Pennsylvania; Estados UnidosFil: Cúneo, Néstor Rubén. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Museo Paleontológico Egidio Feruglio; ArgentinaFil: Donovan, Michael P.. State University of Pennsylvania; Estados UnidosFil: Erwin, Diane M.. State University of Pennsylvania; Estados UnidosFil: Gandolfo, María A.. Cornell University; Estados UnidosFil: González Akre, Erika. State University of Pennsylvania; Estados UnidosFil: Herrera, Fabiany. National Museum of Natural History; Estados UnidosFil: Hu, Shusheng. State University of Pennsylvania; Estados UnidosFil: Iglesias, Ari. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Centro Regional Universidad Bariloche. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente; ArgentinaFil: Johnson, Kirk R.. Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute; PanamáFil: Karim, Talia S.. University of Colorado; Estados UnidosFil: Zou, Xiaoyu. State University of Pennsylvania; Estados Unido

COVID-19 Vaccination-Related Delayed Adverse Events among Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

BACKGROUND: The safety profile of COVID-19 vaccination is well documented, but hesitancy among people with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases, often immunocompromised, remains high, partially due to a scarcity of data on safety over a longer term. We herein aimed to assess delayed adverse events (DAEs) occurring &gt;7 days after COVID-19 vaccination in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) versus other rheumatic autoimmune diseases (rAIDs), non-rheumatic AIDs (nrAIDs), and healthy controls (HCs).METHODS: Self-reported data were captured within the COVID-19 Vaccination in Autoimmune Diseases (COVAD)-2 online survey, which comprised &gt;150 centres and responses from 106 countries, between February and June 2022. Logistic regression analysis adjusting for important confounders (age, sex, ethnicity) was used to compare groups.RESULTS: Of 7203 eligible individuals, 882 (12.2%) patients had SLE, 3161 (43.9%) patients had rAIDs, 426 (5.9%) patients had nrAIDs, and 2734 (38.0%) were HCs. SLE patients had a median age of 39 years (IQR: 31-50); 93.7% were women. SLE patients reported, more frequently, major DAEs (OR: 1.6; 95% CI: 1.2-2.0; p = 0.001) and hospitalisation (OR: 2.2; 95% CI: 1.4-3.4; p &lt; 0.001) compared to HCs, severe rashes (OR: 2.4; 95% CI: 1.3-4.2; p = 0.004) compared to people with rAIDS, and hospitalisation (OR: 2.3; 95% CI: 1.1-4.9; p = 0.029) as well as several minor DAEs compared to people with nrAIDs. Differences were observed between vaccines in terms of frequency of major DAEs and hospitalisations, with the latter seen more frequently in patients receiving the Moderna vaccine. People with SLE with no autoimmune multimorbidity less frequently reported overall minor DAEs compared to SLE patients with comorbid nrAIDs (OR: 0.5; 95% CI: 0.3-1.0; p = 0.036).CONCLUSION: Hospitalisations post-vaccination were more frequent in SLE patients than in HCs. Monitoring of SLE patients following COVID-19 vaccination can help in identifying DAEs early, informing patients about expected DAEs, and supporting patients, especially those with autoimmune multimorbidity.</p