Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, metabolic syndrome, and the fight that will define clinical practice for a generation of hepatologists

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/143796/1/hep29722.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/143796/2/hep29722_am.pd

Crystal lattice properties fully determine short-range interaction parameters for alkali and halide ions

Accurate models of alkali and halide ions in aqueous solution are necessary for computer simulations of a broad variety of systems. Previous efforts to develop ion force fields have generally focused on reproducing experimental measurements of aqueous solution properties such as hydration free energies and ion-water distribution functions. This dependency limits transferability of the resulting parameters because of the variety and known limitations of water models. We present a solvent-independent approach to calibrating ion parameters based exclusively on crystal lattice properties. Our procedure relies on minimization of lattice sums to calculate lattice energies and interionic distances instead of equilibrium ensemble simulations of dense fluids. The gain in computational efficiency enables simultaneous optimization of all parameters for Li+, Na+, K+, Rb+, Cs+, F-, Cl-, Br-, and I- subject to constraints that enforce consistency with periodic table trends. We demonstrate the method by presenting lattice-derived parameters for the primitive model and the Lennard-Jones model with Lorentz-Berthelot mixing rules. The resulting parameters successfully reproduce the lattice properties used to derive them and are free from the influence of any water model. To assess the transferability of the Lennard-Jones parameters to aqueous systems, we used them to estimate hydration free energies and found that the results were in quantitative agreement with experimentally measured values. These lattice-derived parameters are applicable in simulations where coupling of ion parameters to a particular solvent model is undesirable. The simplicity and low computational demands of the calibration procedure make it suitable for parametrization of crystallizable ions in a variety of force fields.Comment: 9 pages, 5 table

ANALGESIC ACTIVITY OF HYDROALCOHOLIC EXTRACT OF AERIAL PARTS OF MALVASTRUM COROMANDELIANUM

Objective: The aim of this study is to explore the antinociceptive property of hydroalcoholic extract of Malvastrum coromandelianum. Pain is anunpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual and potential tissue damage. Various types of pain are seen in humans, somatic,visceral, and neuropathic pain. M. coromandelianum belongs to Malvaceae family. Traditionally, it is used as an emollient, anti-inflammatory, analgesic,and antidysenteric.Methods: The antinociceptive effects of hydroalcoholic extract of M. coromandelianum (HEMC) were evaluated by tail-flick, hot-plate, and acetic acid induced writhing method. Rats were divided into four groups. The first group which served as control was administered with aqueous 1% tragacanthsuspension. The second group received standard drug, morphine (5 mg/kg) orally as a suspension. Third and fourth group received HEMC (200 and400 mg/kg) and served as test drug treatment group, 30 minutes after treatment the reaction time and number of writhes was noted.Results: HEMC produced significant antinociceptive effects against thermally induced pain. In tail-flick method, the peak effect of HEMC 400 mg/kgwas shown at 60 minutes which is nearly equal to the peak effect of morphine 5 mg/kg. In hot-plate method, the HEMC showed significant analgesiceffect up to 3 hrs after the treatment, whereas morphine showed significant effect up to 6 hrs.Conclusion: On the basis of finding, it may conclude that the HEMC shows its central analgesic action probably through inhibition of central pain receptors, whereas peripheral analgesic effect may be mediated by prostaglandin inhibition.Keywords: Pain, Analgesia, Hydroalcoholic extract of Malvastrum coromandelianum, Morphine

Use of Public Library Services by Differently abled Persons: A Pilot Study of City Central Library, Dharwad

In this article, an attempt has been made to investigate whether differently abled persons effectively using public library services or not. For the study, 50 questionnaires were distributed to differently abled persons and finally 43 (86%) questionnaires were considered for analysis based on the merit of the filled questionnaires. The analysis of the data revealed that, differently abled persons use City Central Library services very rarely and majority rather all of them were physically disabled persons. Another finding is that, Information needs of differently abled persons are same as other abled persons. It is rather disappointing that majority i.e. 69.77% of information needs of differently abled persons remain un-satisfied. Inaccessibility, Lack of reading materials in alternative formats, special services and Lack of assistive technologies with access to computers are the major problems faced by the differently abled persons. The study concludes with some of the important suggestions for development of information resources, services and infrastructure facilities of the CCL in order to provide better services and to improve the collection to satisfy the needs of differently abled persons

Diversity and distribution of cardinal fishes in Indian coastal waters with an occurrence report of spot fin cardinal fish Apogon queketti from Central south west coast of India

The family Apogonidae is a specious family with 346 species, in which most of them marine and some thrive in brackish water. These are commonly referred to as cardinal fishes, which seldom reaches a maximum size of 20cm . Sixty five species of this family have been reported from Indian waters. Apogon queketti is a valid species and two taxa have been synonymized with this viz., Apogonichthys queketti and Jaydia queketti. The genus Apogon which contains 108 valid species are mostly marine, living on sandy and muddy bottom of the continental shelf

Effect of Wind Load on Structural Performance of Dimensionally Regular & Irregular High rise Buildings with different Outrigger Systems

Outriggers system is used as one of the best way of increasing the lateral stiffness and has been generally utilized in tall building structures. The outrigger system is very effective in increasing structure’s flexural stiffness. It is likewise viable in decreasing the horizontal top deflection and bending moments in the core of high-rise frame-core structures. This study presents the detailed analysis on how the top drift, inter-story drift, base moment in the core are influenced by the outriggers stiffness, outriggers optimum locations, columns axial stiffness and foundations flexibility. outrigger braced structures can strengthen a structure without disturbing its aesthetic appearance and this is a significant advantage over other lateral load resisting systems. The thesis compare between many outriggers systems including both concrete & steel Outriggers. The Rectangular shape & L- shaped building structures are taken for analysis. The study also presents simplified procedure to optimize the location of the outriggers that will result in a maximum reduction in the lateral displacement at the top of the building. The modeling of the structure is done using “ETABS” program. The investigation of the model is completed by comparable static technique. Finally, the thesis proposed a simplified analysis for outriggers structures with core for both regular and irregular high rise building