Трансформация производства радиоформатов в российском радиовещании в конце 2000-х годов

Additional file 4: Table S1. Standardised cumulative proportion of times that haplotypes of the top 50 focal individuals selected by AlphaSeqOpt, the key ancestors approach (PEDIG) or the two haplotype-based approaches of Bickhart et al. [15] and Gusev et al. [16] appear in the rest of the population. Table S2. Standardised cumulative proportion of times that haplotypes of the top 200 focal individuals selected by AlphaSeqOpt, the key ancestors approach (PEDIG) or the two haplotype-based approaches of Bickhart et al. [15] and Gusev et al. [16] appear in the rest of the population. Table S3. The cumulative sum of the pedigree-inferred expected marginal contributions of the top 50 and 200 focal individuals selected by the key ancestors approach (implemented in the PEDIG software) for pedigrees of 5, 10, 15, 30 and 50 generations

MOESM1 of A method for allocating low-coverage sequencing resources by targeting haplotypes rather than individuals

Additional file 1: Figure S1. Expected haplotype imputation accuracy against the accumulated haplotype sequencing coverage, as estimated using a novel population-based imputation method (Battagin and Hickey, unpublished). A description of the prototype algorithm that was developed for the imputation of consensus haplotypes under the LCSeq approach and the simulated results on which the AlphaSeqOpt method is based. We generated 1x sequence data for the sires from a simulated population. The x-axis represents the expected accumulated coverage that each haplotype would receive. The y-axis represents the percentage of alleles phased and imputed for each haplotype. The imputation accuracy increased with the accumulated haplotype coverage until it plateaued. Haplotypes with a sequencing coverage of 10x accumulated from 20 individuals sequenced at 1x were imputed to the whole population with an accuracy of 0.88. Haplotypes with a sequencing coverage of 15x or 20x accumulated from 30 or 40 individuals sequenced at 1x were imputed to the whole population with an accuracy of 0.93 or 0.97, respectively. For accurate inference of a consensus haplotype, a certain amount of sequencing coverage must be accumulated. According to the results above, 10x or 15x could be good target coverages for the haplotype

Desaturation ratio by <i>SCD</i> diplotype in experimental crossbreds.

<p>The effect of <i>SCD</i> haplotypes on the 18∶1/18∶0 ratio was validated in three experimental genetic types. Sows from the investigated Duroc line (Duroc-1), which was used as control, were sired by boars from an independent Duroc line (DU-3 × DU-1) and by Iberian boars (IB-2 × DU-1), and their progeny contemporarily compared with Large White × Landrace barrows (LW-1 × L-2). The results confirmed that the H1 haplotype increased the 18∶1/18∶0 ratio in the <i>gluteus medius</i> muscle in all genetic types. The H1H1 pigs showed a higher desaturation ratio than H2H2 (0.81 more in Duroc-1 and and 0.61 more in DU-3 × DU-1), H1H2 (0.37 more in IB-2 × DU-1), and H1H3 (0.38 more in LW-1 × L-2) pigs. All LW-1 × L-2 pigs were AA for SNP <i>g.2281A>G</i>, thereby excluding this SNP as a causative mutation. Error bars represent standard errors. Columns lacking a common letter within genetic type differ (p<0.05).</p

The haplotype H1 upregulates <i>SCD</i> mRNA expression in muscle.

<p>Pigs H1H1 had higher <i>SCD</i> mRNA expression than the H2H2 pigs in muscle <i>semimembranosus</i> but not in subcutaneous fat and liver. Values are expressed relative to the mean expression in the diplotype with the greater expression in each tissue. Error bars represent standard errors. Columns lacking a common letter within tissue differ (p<0.05). Haplotype H1 had a favorable additive effect on <i>SCD</i> mRNA expression in muscle (24.9±8.2, p<0.01) but not in subcutaneous fat (7.2±12.5, p = 0.57) and liver (−1.5±15.0, p = 0.91).</p

Haplotype frequencies of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) <i>AY487830:g.2108C>T</i>, <i>g.2228T>C</i>, and <i>g.2281A>G</i> at the promoter region of the <i>SCD</i> gene in different pig populations.

a<p>Purebred pigs include Duroc (DU), Landrace (L), Pietrain, Iberian (IB), and wild boar. Numbers after the breed refer to independent lines from the same breed. The Duroc-1 was the line used for the association analysis (Exp 1) and crossbreds in Exp 2 where those used for the validation analysis.</p

Desaturation ratio in opposite homozygous siblings for <i>SCD</i> haplotypes H1 and H2.

<p>(<b>A</b>) Ratio 18∶1/18∶0, and (<b>B</b>) 18∶0+18∶1 content (in percentage of total fatty acids) in the muscle <i>gluteus medius</i> of homozygous H1H1 and H2H2 sibling pairs (n = 25) are plotted against the sibling pair mean value. The H1H1 pigs showed a greater desaturation ratio (p<0.01) than their H2H2 sibs but the same 18∶0+18∶1 (p = 0.94) content. The associated p-values were determined using a paired t-test. Regression lines were fitted for each diplotype (blue: H1H1; red: H2H2). The difference between homozygotes for 18∶1/18∶0 increased with 18∶1/18∶0 (p<0.05), with H1H1 sibs showing a trend higher than the expected (1.17±0.10) and H2H2 sibs lower (0.83±0.10). The regression of 18∶0+18∶1 on the litter mean value was not different from the average trend (unity) in both genotypes (p = 0.89).</p

Pork loins with optimal intramuscular fat but different monounsaturated fatty acid content.

<p>The monounsaturated pamitoleic (16∶1) and oleic (18∶1) acids are more abundant in the loin in panel A (4.0% and 44.2%, respectively) than in the loin in panel B (3.0% and 41.4%), expressed as percentage with respect to total fatty acids. The peaks of these two fatty acids in the chromatograms below are labelled accordingly, along with those of their respective precursors, palmitic (16∶0) and stearic (18∶0) acids. The desaturation ratios 16∶1/16∶0 and 18∶1/18∶0 are higher in loin A (0.16 and 3.7, respectively) than in loin B (0.12 and 2.8, respectively). Genotyping for <i>g.2228T>C</i> in the promoter region of the <i>SCD</i> gene revealed that loin A was homozygous for allele T and loin B homozygous for allele C.</p

Desaturation 18∶1/18∶0 ratio and content of 18∶0+18∶1 by batch and <i>SCD</i> diplotype in purebred Duroc.

<p>The haplotype H1 affects the 18∶1/18∶0 ratio in the muscle <i>gluteus medius</i> but not the 18∶0+18∶1 content (in percentage of total fatty acids). H1 exerts a consistent favourable additive effect on the desaturation ratio across all time-batches. Analyses were performed both within batch (1 to 12) and across batches (All). Values are expressed as the least square mean for each trait by genotype. Means lacking a common superscript within trait differ (p<0.05). The number of pigs (n) genotyped per batch ranged from 22 to 109. The frequency of the haplotype H1 (f (H1)) by batch ranged from 0.33 to 0.57.</p

Projekt výrobní haly pro výrobu trezorů v KOVOTREND Kopřivnice s.r.o.

Import 20/04/2006Prezenční výpůjčkaVŠB - Technická univerzita Ostrava. Fakulta strojní. Katedra (345) mechanické technologi

Individual markers in the SSC14 at 120–124 Mb region.

<p>Panel (a) shows the percentage of genetic variance explained for saturated fatty acids (SFA), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), oleic acid (C18:1), and the desaturation ratio C18:1/C18:0 of muscle <i>gluteus medius</i>. The SNP AY487830:<i>g</i>.<i>2228T>C</i> from the haplotype described in [<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0152496#pone.0152496.ref012" target="_blank">12</a>], indicated with an arrow, is not provided in the chip. The grey stripe indicates the location of candidate gene <i>SCD</i> and the arrow indicates sense of transcription. Panel (b) shows the linkage disequilibrium in the region (white: r² = 0; black: r² = 1). Circled, the haplotype described in [<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0152496#pone.0152496.ref012" target="_blank">12</a>], in high linkage disequilibrium with several SNPs downstream associated to the traits.</p