Applying the Student-Athlete Success Wheel: Examining the Academic and Social Experiences of Intercollegiate Student-Athletes

The present study investigated how different elements of the Student-Athlete Success Wheel play a role in helping intercollegiate athletes at a Midwestern Division I university to be successful in both their roles: student and athlete. Student-athlete participants (n=63) were asked to rate the influence of the 10 ‘spokes’ of the Student-Athlete Success Wheel on their daily lives. Additionally, respondents provided qualitative feedback about the most beneficial aspect of the Student-Athlete Success Wheel and made suggestions on how to improve the student-athlete experience. After analyzing the data, the results indicated that the three elements most valuable to student-athletes were motivation, relationship building, and mentors. Potential reasons justifying the three most valuable ‘spokes’ were provided, as well as recommendations for how to improve areas that were not rated as highly. Because this is the first academic study that applies the Student-Athlete Success Wheel, more research is needed to confirm the results of this study.https://openprairie.sdstate.edu/honors_isp/1016/thumbnail.jp

CRAFT, DESIGN AND TECHNOLOGY IN ESSEX COMPREHENSIVE SCHOOLS: research into selected aspects of the structuring of the subject

This research firstly locates the structuring of a subject in an historical perceptions. In its historical definition, the subject appears as Manual Training in the emerging systems of mass education in the nineteenth century. During the earlier part of the twentieth century it appears as Handicraft in the secondary schools and at the present times as Craft, Design and Technology in the comprehensive schools. The main body of the thesis then concerns itself with the ways in which the subject is distributed to pupils by the internal mechanisms of comprehensive schools. The sample of schools used is the ninety co-educational comprehensive schools of Essex. The research was carried out by visitation, interviews and questionnaires. The classification of pupils on intake directs them towards curricula which can be biased towards academic of practical subjects which include Craft, Design and Technology. Further separation of pupils during the second and third years, and the variable allocation of curriculum time contributes to the low status accorded to the subject. Attempts to include Craft, Design and Technology in a balanced curriculum in the Upper School are undermined by options systems. Procedures which remove the academically able pupils from the influence of Craft, Design and Technology also direct non-academic pupils to it. The subject has almost disappeared from the Sixth Form curriculum. This structuring of a school subject is placed against perceptions by Craft teachers of their situation inside the schools in relation to their assumptions about their subject, their earlier training, their control over redefinitions of the subject and the resources at their disposal

Hepatitis C Testing and Treatment Access Among People Who Inject Drugs

Hepatitis C (HCV) remains a global issue as it affects 2-3% of the world’s population. Despite Canada’s universal access to healthcare, barriers to accessing testing and treatment for HCV has contributed to approximately 250,000 Canadians living with chronic HCV. People who inject drugs (PWID) account for about 60% of all HCV cases in Canada, making them the primary target for public health interventions, namely prevention and harm reduction. Harm reduction efforts have proven effective to reduce the incidence of infectious diseases and to prevent overdoses, but there remains a large proportion of individuals living with the virus who are unaware of their status and who require treatment. Current HCV discourse lacks a local understanding of barriers and facilitators in the Canadian context. This study explored the experience of accessing HCV testing and treatment among PWID, identifying barriers and facilitators to HCV care throughout the individual’s journey from diagnosis to cure within four domains of access: acceptability, availability, affordability, and geographic accessibility. The role of the client-provider relationship and the impact of harm reduction was also considered as it hinders or facilitates the accessibility of HCV testing and treatment. Qualitative interviews were conducted with clients (self-identified current or former intravenous substance user) and health providers in the Waterloo and Peel Regions of Ontario. Stigma and misinformation of HCV and substance use were regarded as systemic forces that perpetuate oppression, reflected throughout all access domains on a community and individual level. Facilitators and solutions identified in this study indicate a need to apply community health models and resources, more widely adopt harm reduction and patient- centred approaches to clinical care, and further consider or utilize intersectoral action to ensure equitable access to health services

Evidence Based Practice Project: Families Struggling with Sexual Abuse and/ or Incest

Structural family therapy was examined for effectiveness when working with family populations that struggle with incest and / or sexual abuse. This evidence based project reviewed and studied research to effectively create curriculum. The primary goal of structural family therapy is to assist families in mapping the family structure through boundary making, hierarchies, and subsystems to help clients resolve individual mental health symptoms and relational problems, interventions include stabilization, psychoeducation, coping mechanisms, creating boundaries, expressing emotions, and restructuring roles. Enactments and symbolic representation was found to be beneficial when progressing to goals in a therapy setting

The D.C. disc armature traction motor: research into the design and performance of d.c. axial-field machines for use in battery electric traction

With growing interest in battery electric vehicles, the use of the disc armature motor, with its inherent high efficiency and power density, is investigated for such applications. With the need to establish an optimum design for a given specification a computer-aided design procedure is developed with due regard to the motor operating principles and the performance of existing prototypes. This procedure presents a large number of alternative designs to meet a specification in terms of the voltage , power and speed requirement. The magnet material to be used is the only other necessary input to the program, although various restrictions may be applied if desired. With the use of a duplex wave winding sometimes called for, and in certain cases alternative methods of connection available, a study is made of a particular winding in terms of the e.m.f.s generated in the primary armature paths and those short-circuited by the brushes. It is shown that an optimum arrangement exists and if this is not specified,significant deterioration in motor performance results as verified experimentally. The thermal performance of the motor is discussed and appropriate rating conditions are proposed as an aid to future design. Finally the use of the motor in a practical application is studied with the aid of a simulation model of an electric vehicle and practical road testing. It is shown that improvements in overall vehicle performance result when a disc armature motor is specified in place of a comparable series wound machine

Distribution of Capillary Transit Times in Isolated Lungs of Oxygen-Tolerant Rats

Rats pre-exposed to 85% O2 for 5–7 days tolerate the otherwise lethal effects of 100% O2. The objective was to evaluate the effect of rat exposure to 85% O2 for 7 days on lung capillary mean transit time (t¯c) and distribution of capillary transit times (h c(t)). This information is important for subsequent evaluation of the effect of this hyperoxia model on the redox metabolic functions of the pulmonary capillary endothelium. The venous concentration vs. time outflow curves of fluorescein isothiocyanate labeled dextran (FITC-dex), an intravascular indicator, and coenzyme Q1 hydroquinone (CoQ1H2), a compound which rapidly equilibrates between blood and tissue on passage through the pulmonary circulation, were measured following their bolus injection into the pulmonary artery of isolated perfused lungs from rats exposed to room air (normoxic) or 85% O2 for 7 days (hyperoxic). The moments (mean transit time and variance) of the measured FITC-dex and CoQ1H2 outflow curves were determined for each lung, and were then used in a mathematical model [Audi et al. J. Appl. Physiol. 77: 332–351, 1994] to estimate t¯c and the relative dispersion (RDc) of h c(t). Data analysis reveals that exposure to hyperoxia decreases lung t¯c by 42% and increases RDc, a measure h c(t) heterogeneity, by 40%

In vivo Detection of Hyperoxia-induced Pulmonary Endothelial Cell Death Using \u3csup\u3e99m\u3c/sup\u3eTc-Duramycin

Introduction 99mTc-duramycin, DU, is a SPECT biomarker of tissue injury identifying cell death. The objective of this study is to investigate the potential of DU imaging to quantify capillary endothelial cell death in rat lung injury resulting from hyperoxia exposure as a model of acute lung injury. Methods Rats were exposed to room air (normoxic) or \u3e 98% O2 for 48 or 60 hours. DU was injected i.v. in anesthetized rats, scintigraphy images were acquired at steady-state, and lung DU uptake was quantified from the images. Post-mortem, the lungs were removed for histological studies. Sequential lung sections were immunostained for caspase activation and endothelial and epithelial cells. Results Lung DU uptake increased significantly (p \u3c 0.001) by 39% and 146% in 48-hr and 60-hr exposed rats, respectively, compared to normoxic rats. There was strong correlation (r2 = 0.82, p = 0.005) between lung DU uptake and the number of cleaved caspase 3 (CC3) positive cells, and endothelial cells accounted for more than 50% of CC3 positive cells in the hyperoxic lungs. Histology revealed preserved lung morphology through 48 hours. By 60 hours there was evidence of edema, and modest neutrophilic infiltrate. Conclusions Rat lung DU uptake in vivo increased after just 48 hours of \u3e 98% O2 exposure, prior to the onset of any substantial evidence of lung injury. These results suggest that apoptotic endothelial cells are the primary contributors to the enhanced DU lung uptake, and support the utility of DU imaging for detecting early endothelial cell death in vivo

Quantification of Bronchial Circulation Perfusion in Rats

The bronchial circulation is thought to be the primary blood supply for pulmonary carcinomas. Thus, we have developed a method for imaging and quantifying changes in perfusion in the rat lung due to development of the bronchial circulation. A dual-modality micro-CT/SPECT system was used to detect change in perfusion in two groups of rats: controls and those with a surgically occluded left pulmonary artery. Both groups were imaged following injections on separate days i) 2mCi of Tc99m labeled macroaggregated albumin (MAA) into the left carotid artery (IA) and ii) a similar injection into the femoral vein (IV). The IA injection resulted in Tc99m accumulation in capillaries of the systemic circulation including the bronchial circulation, whereas the IV resulted in Tc99m accumulation in the pulmonary capillaries. Ordered subset expectation maximization (OSEM) was used to reconstruct the SPECT image volumes and a Feldkamp algorithm was used to reconstruct the micro-CT image volumes. The micro-CT and SPECT volumes were registered, the SPECT image volume was segmented using the right and left lung boundaries defined from the micro-CT volume, and the ratio of IA radioactivity accumulation in the left lung to IV radioactivity accumulation in both lungs was used as a measure of left lung flow via the bronchial circulation. This ratio was ~0.02 for the untreated rats compared to the treated animals that had an increased flow ratio of ~0.21 40 days after left pulmonary artery occlusion. This increase in flow to the occluded left lung via the bronchial circulation suggests this will be a useful model for further investigating antiangiogenic treatments

Bronchial Circulation Angiogenesis in the Rat Quantified with SPECT and Micro-CT

Introduction As pulmonary artery obstruction results in proliferation of the bronchial circulation in a variety of species, we investigated this angiogenic response using single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and micro-CT. Materials and methods After surgical ligation of the left pulmonary artery of rats, they were imaged at 10, 20, or 40 days post-ligation. Before imaging, technetium-labeled macroaggregated albumin (99mTc MAA) was injected into the aortic arch (IA) labeling the systemic circulation. SPECT/micro-CT imaging was performed, the image volumes were registered, and activity in the left lung via the bronchial circulation was used as a marker of bronchial blood flow. To calibrate and to verify successful ligation, 99mTc MAA was subsequently injected into the left femoral vein (IV), resulting in accumulation within the pulmonary circulation. The rats were reimaged, and the ratio of the IA to the IV measurements reflected the fraction of cardiac output (CO) to the left lung via the bronchial circulation. Control and sham-operated rats were studied similarly. Results The left lung bronchial circulation of the control group was 2.5% of CO. The sham-operated rats showed no significant difference from the control. However, 20 and 40 days post-ligation, the bronchial circulation blood flow had increased to 7.9 and 13.9%, respectively, of CO. Excised lungs examined after barium filling of the systemic vasculature confirmed neovascularization as evidenced by tortuous vessels arising from the mediastinum and bronchial circulation. Conclusion Thus, we conclude that SPECT/micro-CT imaging is a valuable methodology for monitoring angiogenesis in the lung and, potentially, for evaluating the effects of pro- or anti-angiogenic treatments using a similar approach

Quantification of Bronchial Circulation Perfusion in Rats

The bronchial circulation is thought to be the primary blood supply for pulmonary carcinomas. Thus, we have developed a method for imaging and quantifying changes in perfusion in the rat lung due to development of the bronchial circulation. A dual-modality micro-CT/SPECT system was used to detect change in perfusion in two groups of rats: controls and those with a surgically occluded left pulmonary artery. Both groups were imaged following injections on separate days i) 2mCi of Tc99m labeled macroaggregated albumin (MAA) into the left carotid artery (IA) and ii) a similar injection into the femoral vein (IV). The IA injection resulted in Tc99m accumulation in capillaries of the systemic circulation including the bronchial circulation, whereas the IV resulted in Tc99m accumulation in the pulmonary capillaries. Ordered subset expectation maximization (OSEM) was used to reconstruct the SPECT image volumes and a Feldkamp algorithm was used to reconstruct the micro-CT image volumes. The micro-CT and SPECT volumes were registered, the SPECT image volume was segmented using the right and left lung boundaries defined from the micro-CT volume, and the ratio of IA radioactivity accumulation in the left lung to IV radioactivity accumulation in both lungs was used as a measure of left lung flow via the bronchial circulation. This ratio was ~0.02 for the untreated rats compared to the treated animals that had an increased flow ratio of ~0.21 40 days after left pulmonary artery occlusion. This increase in flow to the occluded left lung via the bronchial circulation suggests this will be a useful model for further investigating antiangiogenic treatments