Cambios en la vida cotidiana de las mujeres a través de la incorporación del trabajo turístico en El Rosario, Michoacán, México

ESTE DOCUMENTO ES RESULTADO DE UN PROYECTO DE INVESTIGACIÓN FINANCIADO POR LA SECRETARÍA DE EDUCACIÓN PÚBLICA DE MÉXICO Y DE UNA TESIS DE LICENCIATURA.El objetivo del trabajo fue conocer la participación y los cambios en la cotidianeidad de las mujeres al incorporarse al proyecto turístico del ejido El Rosario, Michoacán, actividad impulsada desde el gobierno federal para generar ingresos por parte de la población y proteger el hábitat de la mariposa monarca. El estudio fue Exploratorio, desde un enfoque cualitativo, para la recolección de información se aplicaron 17 entrevistas y se hizo uso de la observación no participante, además se recurrió al “reloj de 24 horas”, herramienta utilizada para conocer la rutina de trabajo de las mujeres entrevistadas. Las entrevistas se transcribieron para su análisis, la información generada a través del “reloj de 24 horas” se analizó tomando en cuenta la temporada del año, edad y estado civil de las participantes. Asimismo, se cruzó la información con la recogida a través de la observación. Se encontró que las mujeres participan en diferentes actividades al interior del proyecto, situación que cambia su cotidianeidad, también se identificaron los principales cambios que tuvieron en sus vidas, estos cambios, desde diferentes posturas, pueden ser negativos o positivos en tanto que mejoran la calidad de vida. El trabajo, las responsabilidades y los recursos generados no son equitativos entre los y las participantes del proyecto, por tanto los proyectos de base comunitaria no alcanzan los objetivos que plantean.SECRETARIA DE EDUCACUÓN PUBLICA, PROYECTO UAEM-PTC-29

Microwave Imaging for Brain Stroke Monitoring

The capability of microwaves to penetrate an object as interact differently with each of its elements, allows Microwave Imaging (MWI) technologies to be used in a myriad of fields and applications to "see-through" an object in a non-invasive approach. For instance, in the biomedical field, the scattered signals from cancer lesions, blood accumulation, and bio-tissues (all considered dielectric objects) contain the information required by imaging of the specific context. In the case of the open medical issue of brain stroke monitoring after onset, MWI provides clinicians with a complementary alternative to the well-establish imaging-based techniques of support of diagnosis and treatment follow-up. An example of a novel low-complexity-architecture MWI prototype with an optimized number of antennas and adequate positioning on a helmet is presented below. It exploits a differential imaging approach and provides 3D images of the stroke

Realistic Numerical Modelling for 3-D brain stroke monitoring

This paper aims to provide a realistic 3-D modelling framework of a real-world microwave imaging system for brain monitoring that mimics pre-assessment experimental clinical scenarios and lab setups. The model considers an anthropomorphic adult head with multiple tissues, a hemorrhagic brain stroke and a detailed prototype of a modular microwave antennas helmet. The set of antennas detect changes in the permittivity of biological tissues and then imaging reconstruction algorithms generates a 3-D representation of stroke using EM fields and scattering data generated by a full-wave numerical simulation. As results, it is presented a reconstruction of onset stroke in the white matter area of the brain using a TSVD algorithm and the born approximation for imaging

Multi-shot Calibration Technique for Microwave Imaging Systems

This paper proposes a novel “multi-shot” calibration technique that reduces imaging microwave reconstructions artifacts, compensating for uncontrolled variations during the measuring process and later propagated in the inversion. The calibration combines different consecutive sets of measured data with simulated ones in a post-processing stage, providing benefits without the need for additional experimental reference calibrations. The proposed scheme is tested experimentally in a non-trivial scenario. A microwave scanner images an early-stage hemorrhagic stroke in the left parietal lobe, applying a differential imaging algorithm based on the truncated singular value decomposition. Though, the proposed mechanisms can be used for other microwave imaging devices. The results reveal that the calibration procedure improves the quality of the retrieved images compared to the non-calibrated approach, cleaning the images and making the interpretation of imaged contrast variation easier

Activity coefficients in nearly athermal mixtures predicted from equations of state: Don't blame the cubic when it is the lack of a third parameter!

The idea that cubic EoS's are very primitive and limited models, quite extended at present among researchers working on fluid properties and phase equilibria, has different roots, including some limitations observed specifically for classic and popular equations like Peng-Robinson (PR) or Soave-Redlich-Kwong (SRK). These are two-parameter models, i.e. they have only an attractive and a repulsive parameter to characterize each molecule, while other models like SAFT but also cubic –and still for non-associating molecules-introduce also a third parameter related somehow to the molecular structure or shape. One of the alluded limitations, actually a very clear one, is the complete failure in describing the non-ideality in nearly athermal mixtures, like those composed of n-alkanes with different chain lengths: SRK and PR predict positive deviations from ideality, which increase with the system asymmetry, while experimental measurements show exactly the opposite, i.e. increasing negative deviations from ideality. This provides an excellent opportunity to try to clarify whether such failure is due to the cubic nature of these classic models or to their two-parameter character and/or to the classic van der Waals one-fluid (vdW1f) mixing rules typically used. With that motivation, in this work we used models representing three different categories, in a completely predictive way: a two-parameter cubic EoS (PR), a three-parameter cubic EoS (RKPR) and a three-parameter SAFT EoS (PC-SAFT). Their predictions of infinite dilution activity coefficients were analyzed and compared, in contrast to available data for different mixtures of n-butane to n-octane as the lighter compound and paraffins ranging from C16 to C36 as the heavier, in both extremes of dilution. The obtained results, and their analysis, allowed us to extract very clear conclusions which were not present in the literature so far, regarding the importance of a third parameter in any type of EoS.Fil: Tassin, Natalia Giselle. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Instituto de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ingeniería de Procesos y Química Aplicada. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ingeniería de Procesos y Química Aplicada; ArgentinaFil: Rodriguez Reartes, Sabrina Belen. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Planta Piloto de Ingeniería Química. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Planta Piloto de Ingeniería Química; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Ingeniería Química; ArgentinaFil: Cismondi Duarte, Martín. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Instituto de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ingeniería de Procesos y Química Aplicada. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ingeniería de Procesos y Química Aplicada; Argentina. YPF - Tecnología; Argentin

Hybrid Resolvent Kernel Calibration Technique for Microwave Imaging Systems

This work assesses a hybrid calibration technique that uses together measured and simulated data to compensate modeling errors such as fabrication tolerances and positioning inaccuracies. Here, as a proof-of-concept, it is considered a virtual microwave imaging experiment of a human brain stroke condition. The test involves a full-wave software based on the finite element method and 3-D highly realistic system models, including a set of 24 monopoles immersed in a solid brick-shaped matching medium and a single-cavity anthropomorphic head phantom. The studied case shows that under favorable assumptions, the calibration procedure improves the quality of the retrieved images compared to the non-calibrated-kernel approach

Hybrid Simulation-Measurement Calibration Technique for Microwave Imaging Systems

This paper proposes an innovative technique to calibrate microwave imaging (MWI) systems combining available measured data with simulated synthetic ones. The introduced technique aims to compensate the variations of the antenna array due to unavoidable manufacturing tolerances and placement, in comparison to the nominal electromagnetic (EM) scenario. The scheme is tested virtually and experimentally for the MWI of the adult human head tissues. The virtual EM analysis uses a realistic 3-D CAD model working together with a full-wave software, based on the finite element method. Meanwhile, the real implementation employs a single-cavity anthropomorphic head phantom and a custom brick-shaped antenna array working at around 1 GHz