Fermion Analogy for Layered Superconducting Films in Parallel Magnetic Field

The equivalence between the Lawrence-Doniach model for films of extreme type-II layered superconductors and a generalization of the back-scattering model for spin-1/2 electrons in one dimension is demonstrated. This fermion analogy is then exploited to obtain an anomalous $H_{\parallel}^{-1}$ tail for the parallel equilibrium magnetization of the minimal double layer case in the limit of high parallel magnetic fields $H_{\parallel}$ for temperatures in the critical regime.Comment: 11 pages of plain TeX, 1 postscript figur

Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless Transition in Spin-Charge Separated Superconductor

A model for spin-charge separated superconductivity in two dimensions is introduced where the phases of the spinon and holon order parameters couple gauge-invariantly to a statistical gauge-field representing chiral spin-fluctuations. The model is analyzed in the continuum limit and in the low-temperature limit. In both cases we find that physical electronic phase correlations show a superconducting-normal phase transition of the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless type, while statistical gauge-field excitations are found to be strictly gapless. The normal-to-superconductor phase boundary for this model is also obtained as a function of carrier density, where we find that its shape compares favorably with that of the experimentally observed phase diagram for the oxide superconductors.Comment: 35 pages, TeX, CSLA-P-93-

On the Perturbations of Viscous Rotating Newtonian Fluids

The perturbations of weakly-viscous, barotropic, non-self-gravitating, Newtonian rotating fluids are analyzed via a single partial differential equation. The results are then used to find an expression for the viscosity-induced normal-mode complex eigenfrequency shift, with respect to the case of adiabatic perturbations. However, the effects of viscosity are assumed to have been incorporated in the unperturbed (equilibrium) model. This paper is an extension of the normal-mode formalism developed by Ipser & Lindblom for adiabatic pulsations of purely-rotating perfect fluids. The formulas derived are readily applicable to the perturbations of thin and thick accretion disks. We provide explicit expressions for thin disks, employing results from previous relativistic analyses of adiabatic normal modes of oscillation. In this case, we find that viscosity causes the fundamental p- and g- modes to grow while the fundamental c-mode could have either sign of the damping rate.Comment: Accepted for publication by The Astrophysical Journal. 11 pages, no figure

Intermittent quakes and record dynamics in the thermoremanent magnetization of a spin-glass

A novel method for analyzing the intermittent behavior of linear response data in aging systems is presented and applied to spin-glass thermoremanent magnetization (TRM) (Rodriguez et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. 91, 037203, 2003). The probability density function (PDF) of magnetic fluctuations is shown to have an asymmetric exponential tail, demonstrating that the demagnetization process is carried by intermittent, significant, spin rearrangements or \emph{quakes}. These quakes are most pronounced shortly after the field removal, $t/t_w \approx 1$ and in the non-equilibrium aging regime $t/t_w >>1$. For a broad temperature range, we study the dependence of the TRM decay rate on $t$, the time since the initial quench and on $t_w$, the time at which the magnetic field is cut. The $t$ and $t_w$ dependence of the rate is extracted numerically from the data and described analytically using the assumption that the linear response is subordinated to the intermittent process which spasmodically release the initial imbalances created by the quench.Comment: 8 pages, 9 figures. The paper has been expanded and restructured, the figures have been enlarged and improved. Final version, to appear in Phy. Rev.

A greater proportion of participants with type 2 diabetes achieve treatment targets with insulin degludec/liraglutide versus insulin glargine 100 units/mL at 26 weeks. DUAL VIII, a randomized trial designed to resemble clinical practice

This report presents the efficacy and safety of insulin degludec/liraglutide (IDegLira) versus insulin glargine 100 units/mL (IGlar U100) as initial injectable therapy at 26 weeks in the 104-week DUAL VIII durability trial (NCT02501161). Participants (N = 1012) with type 2 diabetes (T2D) uncontrolled on oral antidiabetic drugs (OADs) were randomized 1:1 to open-label IDegLira or IGlar U100. Visits were scheduled at weeks 1, 2, 4 and 12, and every 3 months thereafter. After 26 weeks, glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) reductions were greater with IDegLira versus IGlar U100 (−21.5 vs. –16.4 mmol/mol [−2.0 vs. –1.5%]), as was the percentage of participants achieving HbA1c <53 mmol/mol (78.7% vs. 55.7%) and HbA1c targets without weight gain and/or hypoglycaemia. Estimated treatment differences for insulin dose (−13.01 U) and body weight change (−1.57 kg) significantly favoured IDegLira. The hypoglycaemia rate was 44% lower with IDegLira versus IGlar U100. Safety results were similar. In a trial resembling clinical practice, more participants receiving IDegLira than IGlar U100 met treatment targets, supporting use of IDegLira as an initial injectable therapy for people with T2D uncontrolled on OADs and eligible for insulin initiation

Soil-structure interaction of preliminary deformable lining for conventional tunnel in squeezing conditions using HiDSte elements.

The construction of deep tunnels is continuously increasing due to both economic and environmental reasons. High cover and poor geotechnical ground make the construction of tunnels difficult (squeezing conditions). Due to the high loads transmitted by the ground, the preliminary lining can be rarely designed following the so-called resistance principle. The state of the art suggests approaching the lining design by allowing the development of the necessary convergences to adequately reduce the rock load (yielding principle). In this paper, a new steel element (HiDSte), yet to be employed in real tunnel works, is described. The behaviour of the lining made of steel ribs along the HiDSte is illustrated through 2D numerical analyses. The numerical results allowed the evaluation of the peculiar way soil and lining interact and, more in general, the ability of the yielding lining to reduce the in-situ stress level undergone by the lining

Some Applications of the Lee-Yang Theorem

For lattice systems of statistical mechanics satisfying a Lee-Yang property (i.e., for which the Lee-Yang circle theorem holds), we present a simple proof of analyticity of (connected) correlations as functions of an external magnetic field h, for Re h > 0 or Re h < 0. A survey of models known to have the Lee-Yang property is given. We conclude by describing various applications of the aforementioned analyticity in h.Comment: 16 page

Static and dynamic glass-glass transitions: a mean-field study

The behavior of a family of mean-field glass models is reviewed. The models are analyzed by means of a Langevin-based approach to the dynamics and a Replica theory computation of the thermodynamics. We focus on the phase diagram of a particular model case, where glass-to-glass transitions occur between phases with a different number of characteristic time-scales for the relaxation processes. The appearence of Johari-Goldstein processes as collective reorganizations of sets of fast processes is discussed.Comment: Contribution to the Special Issue of Philosophical Magazine for the 11th International Workshop on Complex System

A Suzaku X-ray observation of one orbit of the supergiant fast X-ray transient IGR J16479-4514

We report on a 250 ks long X-ray observation of the supergiant fast X-ray transient (SFXT) IGR J16479-4514 performed with Suzaku in 2012 February. About 80% of the short orbital period (Porb=3.32 days) was covered as continuously as possible for the first time. The source light curve displays variability of more than two orders of magnitude, starting with a very low emission state lasting the first 46 ks (1E-13 erg/cm2/s, 1-10 keV), consistent with being due to the X-ray eclipse by the supergiant companion. The transition to the uneclipsed X-ray emission is energy dependent. Outside the eclipse, the source spends most of the time at a level of (6-7)x10^-12 erg/cm2/s punctuated by two structured faint flares with a duration of about 10 and 15 ks. Remarkably, the first faint flare occurs at a similar orbital phase of the bright flares previously observed in the system. This indicates the presence of a phase-locked large scale structure in the supergiant wind, driving a higher accretion rate onto the compact object. The scattered component visible during the X-ray eclipse allowed us to directly probe the wind density at the orbital separation, resulting in rho=7E-14 g/cm3. Assuming a spherical geometry for the supergiant wind, the derived wind density translates into a ratio Mdot_w/v_terminal = 7E-17 solar masses/km which, assuming terminal velocities in a large range 500-3000 km/s, implies an accretion luminosity two orders of magnitude higher than that observed. As a consequence, a mechanism is at work reducing the mass accretion rate. Different possibilities are discussed.Comment: Accepted for publication in MNRAS. 10 pages, 5 figure

High-pressure synthesis of rock salt LiMeO2-ZnO (Me = Fe3+, Ti3+) solid solutions

Metastable LiMeO2-ZnO (Me = Fe3+, Ti3+) solid solutions with rock salt crystal structure have been synthesized by solid state reaction of ZnO with LiMeO2 complex oxides at 7.7 GPa and 1350-1450 K. Structure, phase composition, thermal stability and thermal expansion of the recovered samples have been studied by X-ray diffraction with synchrotron radiation. At ambient pressure rock salt LiMeO2-ZnO solid solutions are kinetically stable up to 670-800 K depending on the composition.Comment: 11 pages, 3 figures, 1 tabl