A Simple Colorimetric Method for the Estimation of Relative Numbers of Lactobacilli in the Saliva

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/67295/2/10.1177_00220345400190040101.pd

Ultimate response dynamics achieved with gas sensors based on self-heated nanowires

Bias current applied to conductometric gas sensors consisting of individual metal oxide nanowires can be used to heat them up to the temperature necessary for sensing. This approach in combination with the good sensitivity and stability of metal-oxide nanowires, can be used to develop prototypes with low power requirements (few tens of microwatts). Here, we present new sensors devices based on this approach that display fast dynamic performance only limited by the gas-solid interaction kinetics,. © 2009

Utilización de bolsas ANKOM® en la determinación de la digestibilidad de la materia seca in vitro en conejos.

La metodología de digestibilidad in vitro de la materia seca (DMSiv) desarrollada por Ramos et al. (1992) para predecir la digestibilidad de la materia seca y valor nutricional de diferentes alimentos comúnmente utilizados en la alimentación de conejos, ha sido estandarizada y validada por diferentes laboratorios (Villamide et al. 2008 y Carabaño et al. 2008), demostrándose su fiabilidad, reproducibilidad y repetibilidad. Uno de los puntos críticos de las metodologías gravimétricas es la filtración con crisol, ya que las propiedades físicas junto con la composición química de diversas materias primas dificultan este proceso y aumentan la variabilidad en los resultados (Mertens, 2002). Por otra parte la digestión individual de las muestras limita la capacidad de análisis. Con la finalidad de corregir estas limitaciones se propuso como alternativa el uso de bolsas ANKOM ® , ya utilizadas en el análisis secuencial de Van Soest (Kenneth et al., 1999), digeridas colectivamente en un mismo recipiente. Además de la utilización de bolsas, como novedad se incluyó al final de la digestibilidad un lavado adicional de las bolsas. El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar la validez de esta modificación en la digestibilidad in vitro ileal (dos pasos) y fecal (tres pasos

Thermal properties of gauge-fields common to anyon superconductors and spin-liquids

The thermally driven confinement-deconfinement transition exhibited by lattice quantum electrodynamics in two space dimensions is re-examined in the context of the statistical gauge-fields common to anyon superconductors and to spin-liquids. Particle-hole excitations in both systems are bound by a confining string at temperatures below the transition temperature $T_c$. We argue that $T_c$ coincides with the actual critical temperature for anyon superconductivity. The corresponding specific-heat contribution, however, shows a {\it smooth} peak just below $T_c$ characteristic of certain high-temperature superconductors.Comment: 13 pgs, TeX, to appear in Physical Review B (minor revisions

Quasilocal equilibrium condition for black ring

We use the conservation of the renormalized boundary stress-energy tensor to obtain the equilibrium condition for a general (thin or fat) black ring solution. We also investigate the role of the spatial stress in the thermodynamics of deformation within the quasilocal formalism of Brown and York and discuss the relation with other methods. In particular, we discuss the quantum statistical relation for the unbalanced black ring solution.Comment: v2: refs. added, matches the published versio

Tuberculosis determined by Mycobacterium bovis in captive waterbucks (Kobus ellipsiprymnus) in São Paulo, Brazil

Two waterbucks from São Paulo Zoo Foundation exhibited respiratory symptoms in July 2004. After euthanasia, granulommas in lungs and mediastinic lymph nodes were observed. Acid-fast bacilli isolated were identified as Mycobacterium bovis spoligotype SB0121 by PRA and spoligotyping. They were born and kept in the same enclosure with the same group, without any contact to other species housed in the zoo. This is the first detailed description of M. bovis infection in Kobus ellipsiprymnus.FAPES

Stationary Configurations Imply Shift Symmetry: No Bondi Accretion for Quintessence / k-Essence

In this paper we show that, for general scalar fields, stationary configurations are possible for shift symmetric theories only. This symmetry with respect to constant translations in field space should either be manifest in the original field variables or reveal itself after an appropriate field redefinition. In particular this result implies that neither k-Essence nor Quintessence can have exact steady state / Bondi accretion onto Black Holes. We also discuss the role of field redefinitions in k-Essence theories. Here we study the transformation properties of observables and other variables in k-Essence and emphasize which of them are covariant under field redefinitions. Finally we find that stationary field configurations are necessarily linear in Killing time, provided that shift symmetry is realized in terms of these field variables.Comment: 8 page

Electronic Structure of Calcium Hexaboride within the Weighted Density Approximation

We report calculations of the electronic structure of CaB$_6$ using the weighted density approximation (WDA) to density functional theory. We find a semiconducting band structure with a sizable gap, in contrast to local density approximation (LDA) results, but in accord with recent experimental data. In particular, we find an $X$-point band gap of 0.8 eV. The WDA correction of the LDA error in describing the electronic structure of CaB$_6$ is discussed in terms of the orbital character of the bands and the better cancelation of self-interactions within the WDA.Comment: 1 figur

LEAP2 changes with body mass and food intake in humans and mice

Acyl-ghrelin administration increases food intake, body weight, and blood glucose. In contrast, mice lacking ghrelin or ghrelin receptors (GHSRs) exhibit life-threatening hypoglycemia during starvation-like conditions but do not consistently exhibit overt metabolic phenotypes when given ad libitum food access. These results, and findings of ghrelin resistance in obese states, imply nutritional state-dependence of ghrelin’s metabolic actions. Here, we hypothesized that LEAP2 (liver enriched antimicrobial peptide-2), a recently-characterized endogenous GHSR antagonist, blunts ghrelin action during obese states and post-prandially. To test this hypothesis, we determined changes in plasma LEAP2 and acyl-ghrelin due to fasting, eating, obesity, Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), vertical sleeve gastrectomy (VSG), oral glucose administration, and type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) using humans and/or mice. Our results suggest that plasma LEAP2 is regulated by metabolic status: its levels increase with body mass and blood glucose, and decrease with fasting, RYGB, and in post-prandial states following VSG. These changes were mostly opposite to those of acyl-ghrelin. Furthermore, using electrophysiology, we showed that LEAP2 both hyperpolarizes and prevents acyl-ghrelin from activating arcuate NPY neurons. We predict that the plasma LEAP2:acyl-ghrelin molar ratio may be a key determinant modulating acyl-ghrelin activity in response to body mass, feeding status, and blood glucose