Micronutrient nutrition in sugarcane: a brief review

Sugarcane has economic value worldwide, being used in the production of sugar, electricity and alcohol. Therefore, the objective was to demonstrate the research carried out in recent years on the main micronutrients and their respective effects on the development and yield of sugarcane. Micronutrient deficiency is one of the factors that limit the productivity of this crop in producing regions, and this deficit is related to several aspects, such as the use of fertilizers with low levels of micronutrients, increased agricultural productivity, decreased levels of organic matter in the soil. Thus, it is noteworthy that the proper management can circumvent the limiting factors, since the application of boron via the leaves results in a greater ton of stalks, and in relation to zinc, applied via the soil, it is also beneficial to the production of stalks. Molybdenum increases biological nitrogen fixation in sugarcane and contributes to the accumulation of N in the plant. Iron and manganese are both involved in the chlorophyll content and dry matter accumulation of sugarcane. The study exposes the contributions of fertilization with microelements for the development of the sugarcane sector. From this perspective, more research is needed on the fertilization of micronutrients to boost sugarcane productivity under different edaphoclimatic conditions.Sugarcane is a crop of worldwide economic value used in sugar, electricity, and alcohol production. This review demonstrates the importance of the main micronutrients and their respective effects on the development and yield of sugarcane. Micronutrient deficiency is one of the limiting factors in sugarcane productivity in producing regions. This deficit is related to several aspects, such as fertilizer use with low micronutrient levels, increased agricultural productivity, and decreased productivity levels of soil organic matter. Thus, proper fertilization management can circumvent the limiting factors such as the foliar application of boron and soil fertilization of zinc, both resulting in greater stem production. Molybdenum increases biological nitrogen fixation in sugarcane and contributes to the accumulation of N in the plant. Iron and manganese are involved in chlorophyll content and dry matter accumulation in sugarcane. In this review, we show the contributions of fertilization with microelements to the development of the sugarcane sector. In this perspective, more research is needed on micronutrient fertilization to increase sugarcane productivity in different soil and climate conditions

Estado laico e a liberdade religiosa: uma análise de decisões emblemáticas do Supremo Tribunal Federal: Lay state and religious freedom: an analysis of the emblematic decisions of the Supreme Federal Court

O debate constitucional entorno da religião abrange duas concepções fundamentais: o Estado Laico e a Liberdade Religiosa. Dessa forma, o objetivo deste trabalho é examinar as limitações entre a liberdade religiosa e a laicidade do Estado Democrático de Direito atentando para algumas decisões simbólicas do Supremo Tribunal Federal. Tratar-se-á sobre a presença da religião desde o início da colonização do Brasil, o conceito de laicidade e de Estado laico, a liberdade religiosa e algumas decisões marcantes do Supremo Tribunal Federal, guardião da Constituição, quanto a temas que cercam essas duas normas constitucionais. Para a realização dessa pesquisa utilizamos a técnica bibliográfica e a sua natureza é qualitativa.  Ademais, nossa pesquisa conclui que o Supremo Tribunal Federal centra suas decisões em todos os princípios constitucionais previstos em nossa Carta Magna, utilizando-se da hermenêutica constitucional, seja pelo Estado laico, liberdade religiosa ou por outro direito fundamental considerando o mais correto para cada caso concreto

Inappropriate medications for the elderly provided by the Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil according to the criteria of Beers-Fick

Objective: To check the prevalence of Potentially Inappropriate Medications (MPI) for the elderly among the available ones in primary health care by the State Secretariat of Health of the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Method: This is a study with secondary data from the State Directory of Medicines (rem) and it is analyzed in the light of the guidelines provided for in respect of according to the Beers-Fick of 2012. Results: It was found that in REM-RJ, out of a total of 124 medicines, 13,70% (n = 17) are considered MPIs to elderly, with consumption in 2 broad categories (that act in the CNS and peripheral = 35,29%; and operating in cardiovascular and renal system = 29,41%). Conclusion: This research highlights the need to develop criteria aligned with the perspective of the brazilian elderly and the adaptation of the Beers-Fick criteria, and the elaboration of specific overviews, you behold reflecting its this population and its peculiarities, considering references scientific significance

LDA and PIV characterization of the flow in a hydrocyclone without an air-core

The three-dimensional flow in a hydrocyclone especially developed for application in the petroleum industry has been investigated through the LDA and PIV techniques for one experimental condition. In the present physical simulation, the hydrocyclone is set to operate without an air-core. The tangential (Vθ) and axial (Vz) mean velocity profiles are analyzed through both measuring techniques. Radial (Vr) mean velocity profiles are only accounted for through PIV. The exponent n in the tangential velocity equation, Vθrn = C, was determined to be about 0.61. For the radial profile, Vrrm = − D, m was found to be 1.59. The rms-values of two-velocity components — tangential and axial — were evaluated via LDA. Turbulence in the axial direction is observed to be slightly higher than turbulence in the tangential direction. Approaching the axis of symmetry of the cyclone, however, this trend is reversed. The fluctuations in the tangential direction are found to be at least twice higher than the axial fluctuations.Indisponível

Yield performance of okra under potassium fertilization and number of plants per hole

The okra is a vegetable that responds to mineral nutrition and the plant population, with increased production. The work was carried out at the Federal University of Paraíba, in Areia-PB, with the objective of evaluating the influence of K2O doses and number of plants per pit on the yield and quality of okra, cultivating Santa Cruz, in an experimental block design randomized, with treatments distributed in a 6 x 2 factorial scheme, with six K2O doses (0, 50, 100, 150, 200 and 250 kg ha-1), and one and two plants per pit, in four replications. The values ​​for the average mass of fruits, 16 and 18 g were reached as a function of K2O doses, with one and two plants per pit, respectively. The highest numbers of fruits per plant in okra were 45 and 56, at doses of 123.7 and 184 kg ha-1 of K2O, respectively for one and two plants per pit, and the highest fruit production per plant was 584.2 g, with two plants per pit and 250 kg ha-1 of K2O. The total fruit yield was 42.13 t ha-1, in the treatment with two plants per pit and 100 kg ha-1 of K2O, and the doses of 122.5 and 115 kg ha-1 of K2O were responsible for the higher productivity of commercial fruits in okra, 25.6 and 29.2 t ha-1, respectively, with one and two plants per pit, and the leaf K content was influenced only by K2O doses. Keywords: Abelmoschus esculentus; mineral fertilizers; plant densit

Contents of ethyl carbamate in sugar cane and manioc spirits: part II

Herein, we report the concentration of ethyl carbamate (EC) and copper in 380 samples of sugar-cane spirit and 45 samples of manioc spirit as determined by GC-MS and FAAS respectively. The cyanide content determined spectrophotometrically is reported for the manioc spirit. Sugar cane spirit produced by alembic distillation (70,0 µg L-1) shown a lower content of EC than samples produced by column distillation (270 µg L-1). No simple correlation between the content of EC and copper for sugar cane spirit as well among the concentration of EC, copper, and cyanide for manioc spirit could be observed.Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES)CNPqFAPES

Relationship between -889 C/T polymorphism in interleukin-1A gene and risk of chronic periodontitis : evidence from a meta-analysis with new published findings

Periodontitis results from an inflammatory response caused by accumulative microorganisms in periodontal sites. Several factors are involved in pathogenesis of periodontitis, for example the -889 C/T polymorphism in interleukin-1A gene. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between this polymorphism and risk of development of chronic periodontitis by a meta-analysis based in new published findings. Thereunto a review in literature was performed in the electronic biomedical and education databases (Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, MEDLINE and PubMed) to studies published before August 2, 2015, the abstracts were evaluated and the data extraction performed by two calibrated examiners. The calculations of the meta-analysis were obtained through statistical software Review Manager version 5.2 with calculation of Odds Ratio (OR), heterogeneity (I²) and Funnel plots with P <0.05. In overall, twenty-one case/control studies were selected with 2,174 patients with chronic periodontitis and 1, 756 controls. The meta-analysis showed T allele was associated with chronic periodontitis (OR = 1.22, 95% CI: 1.09, 1.36, P = 0.0004) with decreased value to heterogeneity (I² = 15%, P = 0.28). TT genotype was associated to patients with chronic periodontitis (OR = 1.40, 95% CI: 1.07, 1.83, P = 0.01). No publication bias was found in this meta-analysis by asymmetry in Funnel plots. This meta-analysis with 2,174 patients with chronic periodontitis and 1, 756 controls evidenced the -889 C/T polymorphism is associated to risk of development of chronic periodontitis with no significant value to heterogeneity to allelic evaluation

Medicamentos impróprios para o idoso disponibilizados pelo estado do Rio de Janeiro segundo os critérios de Beers-Fick Inappropriate medications for the elderly provided by the Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil according to the criteria of Beers-Fick

Objetivo: Verificar a prevalência de Medicamentos Potencialmente Inapropriados (MPI) para idosos entre os disponibilizados na Atenção Primária à Saúde pela Secretaria de Estado da Saúde do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Método: Trata-se de estudo realizado com dados secundários provenientes da Relação Estadual de Medicamentos (REM) e analisado a luz das orientações previstas pela relação de Beers-Fick de 2012. Resultados: Verificou-se que na REM-RJ, de um total de 124 medicamentos, 13,70% (n=17) são considerados MPIs para idosos, com consumo em 2 grandes categorias (que atuam no SNC e periférico = 35,29% e; que atuam no sistema cardiovascular e renal = 29,41%). Conclusão: A presente investigação evidencia a necessidade de se desenvolver critérios alinhados à perspectiva do idoso brasileiro, sendo possível a adaptação dos critérios de Beers-Fick, e a elaboração de súmulas específicas, que contemplem esta população e suas peculiaridades, considerando referenciais de significância científica

Medicamentos impróprios para o idoso disponibilizados pelo estado do Rio de Janeiro segundo os critérios de Beers-Fick Inappropriate medications for the elderly provided by the Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil according to the criteria of Beers-Fick

Objetivo: Verificar a prevalência de Medicamentos Potencialmente Inapropriados (MPI) para idosos entre os disponibilizados na Atenção Primária à Saúde pela Secretaria de Estado da Saúde do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Método: Trata-se de estudo realizado com dados secundários provenientes da Relação Estadual de Medicamentos (REM) e analisado a luz das orientações previstas pela relação de Beers-Fick de 2012. Resultados: Verificou-se que na REM-RJ, de um total de 124 medicamentos, 13,70% (n=17) são considerados MPIs para idosos, com consumo em 2 grandes categorias (que atuam no SNC e periférico = 35,29% e; que atuam no sistema cardiovascular e renal = 29,41%). Conclusão: A presente investigação evidencia a necessidade de se desenvolver critérios alinhados à perspectiva do idoso brasileiro, sendo possível a adaptação dos critérios de Beers-Fick, e a elaboração de súmulas específicas, que contemplem esta população e suas peculiaridades, considerando referenciais de significância científica