How Would your Kids Vote if I Open my Doors? Evidence from Venezuela

For how long does cultural heritage persist? Do the culturally inherited values of immigrants dilute as generations pass? We answer these question by studying the relationship between revealed political behavior of immigrant families and the culture of the place where they migrated from, either one or many generations ago. Using surnames as indicators of region of origin of Italians in Venezuela, we study the effect of cultural heritage on two indicators of revealed political behavior: (i) propensity for civic engagement, and (ii) propensity for redistribution. A well established literature documents greater propensity for civic engagement and lower propensity for redistribution among Northern Italians. In Venezuela, we measure the former by turnout before the era of political polarization and the latter by signing behavior against Hugo Chávez in the 2004 recall referendum drive. Despite the fact that the wave of Italian immigration to Venezuela occurred more than half a century before the events studied in this paper, we do not find a greater propensity for civic engagement nor preference against redistribution among descendants from Northern as opposed to Southern Italians, suggesting that cultural assimilation may be a strong determinant of political behavior in the long run.Social capital, political incorporation of immigrants, family economics, redistribution, political preferences, civic engagement, Latin America

How Would Your Kids Vote if I Open my Doors? Evidence from Venezuela

For how long does cultural heritage persist? Do the culturally inherited values of immigrants dilute as generations pass? We answer these question by studying the relationship between revealed political behavior of immigrant families and the culture of the place where they migrated from, either one or many generations ago. Using surnames as indicators of region of origin of Italians in Venezuela, we study the effect of cultural heritage on two indicators of revealed political behavior: (i) propensity for civic engagement, and (ii) propensity for redistribution. A well established literature documents greater propensity for civic engagement and lower propensity for redistribution among Northern Italians. In Venezuela, we measure the former by turnout before the era of political polarization and the latter by signing behavior against Hugo Chávez in the 2004 recall referendum drive. Despite the fact that the wave of Italian immigration to Venezuela occurred more than half a century before the events studied in this paper, we do not find a greater propensity for civic engagement nor preference against redistribution among descendants from Northern as opposed to Southern Italians, suggesting that cultural assimilation may be a strong determinant of political behavior in the long run.Social capital, political incorporation of immigrants, family economics, redistribution, political preferences, civic engagement, Latin America

Humor against Vargas: communist drawings from the election campaign period to suicide (1950-1954)

This article aims to analyze the editorial cartoons and caricatures on Getúlio Vargas published by the communist press within the period from Vargas’ election campaign to his suicide (1950-1954), including the reaction of communists to this dramatic act. These images by the party press are usually relegated to the background by historiography, but they also express the ideology of the Brazilian Communist Party (PCB) and its reading of the national political reality. Thus, the characters observed in the drawings and their characterization are significant sources for understanding the communist reading of Getúlio Vargas and the context of that time. Keywords: Vargas, Getúlio, 1883-1954; Brazilian Communist Party; Caricature; Press – Brazil

Sistema de navegación para vehículos aéreos cuadricópteros

Este trabajo tiene como objetivo modelar los parámetros que influyen en el diseño del sistema de navegación de un vehículo cuadricóptero. Este diseño se hace a través del estudio inicial para un solo motor y una hélice, para luego ampliarlo a los cuatro elementos de propulsión. El resultado será un modelo de la planta sobre el que se estudiará el mejor controlador posible (PID) y la influencia de los errores y limitaciones de la planta y los sensores de medición. Los resultados obtenidos pueden ser aplicados a cualquier cuadricóptero diseñado y/o comprado

Assessing safety net readiness in response to food price volatility

In 2008, when food prices rose precipitously to record highs, international attention and local policy in many countries focused on safety nets as part of the response. Now that food prices are high again, the issue of appropriate responses is again on the policy agenda. This note sets out a framework for making quick, qualitative assessments of how well countries'safety nets prepare them for a rapid policy response to rising food prices should the situation warrant. The framework is applied using data from spring 2011, presenting a snap?shot analysis of what is a dynamically changing situation. Based on this data safety net readiness is assessed in 13 vulnerable countries based on the following criteria: the presence of safety net programs, program coverage, administrative capacity, and to a lesser degree, targeting effectiveness. It is argued that these criteria will remain the same throughout time, even if the sample countries affected will be expected to vary. Based on thisanalysis the note highlights that though a number of countries are more prepared than they were in 2008, there is still a significant medium term agenda on safety net preparedness in the face of crisis. In this context, strategic lessons from the 2008 food crisis response are presented to better understand the response options and challenges facing governments and policy makers. The note concludes by calling for continued investment and scale up of safety nets to mitigate poverty impacts and help prevent long term setbacks in nutrition and poverty.Food&Beverage Industry,Safety Nets and Transfers,Emerging Markets,Rural Poverty Reduction,Regional Economic Development

Sphericals And Primitives Classes In The Bordism Of Compact Lie Groups

The main purpose of this thesis is to study the following question: Do primitives and sphericals agree in MU(,*)(X)/tor when X is a 1-connected compact Lie group. Our answers appear in Part IV for the classical groups (stable cases) and in Part V for two exceptional cases namely G(,2) and F(,4) (ignoring the prime 2).;The main tool for our study is the rational MU operation P : MU(,*)(X)(CRTIMES) (---\u3e) MU(,*)(X)(CRTIMES) ; P = (SIGMA)(,E) m(,E)S(,E) which detects primitives rationally. Our method is to find the least positive integer k(,(alpha)) (ELEM) such that k(,(alpha))P((alpha)) (ELEM) MU(,*)(X)/tor (L-HOOK) MU(,*)(X)(CRTIMES) for (alpha) (ELEM) MU(,*)(X)/tor. This is done in Part III (SECTION)1. In Part III (SECTION)2 and (SECTION)3, we calculate the primitive elements in MU(,*)((//C)P(\u27(INFIN))) and MU(,*)(HP(\u27(INFIN))) respectively. In (SECTION)4 we establish a relation between P and ch*:K*(X) (---\u3e) H**(X,Q) the Chern character, as well as between the integrality problem mentioned above and Chern character integrality condition