Propagation of partially coherent truncated polymorphic beams

The recently introduced concept of coherent polymorphic beam (PB), which is focused into a 2D light curve of arbitrary form with independently prescribed phase along it, is a fruitful generalization of the "perfect" ring vortex and opens up new perspectives in all-optical particle manipulation and light material processing. Its application for optical transport of micro/nano-particles has been experimentally demonstrated. However, the propagation of the PB has not been studied yet. In this Letter, we derive analytical expressions for the propagation of the truncated PB and its partially coherent counter-part through the first-order optical systems, in particular, the rotationally symmetric and twisting systems described by the fractional Fourier and Gyrator transforms, respectively. These expressions clarify the light-curve formation from a truncated PB and can be easily applied for the numerical simulation of the partially coherent PB propagatio

Detecting opportunities: neighbourhood data dynamics for urban regeneration in Valladolid (Spain)

Urban regeneration has become a priority for urban planning in Spain, because it is one of the best ways to foster a more sustainable, compact and mixed-use urban model, founded in the improvement of existing city. The Master Plan of Valladolid (Spain) has been an opportunity to tackle this objective by a thorough study of existing urban fabrics, in order to program future actions and projects. The built city was divided into units, and each of them was carefully analysed in order to identify opportunities for improvement, such as vacant spaces or deprived areas. Every regeneration action was then designed to also generate a positive impact on its surroundings, which requires knowing the needs and structural deficits of each neighbourhood. That’s why a homogeneous “neighbourhood data system” was created, in order to propose the most appropriate action for each case. However, "measuring" the city is a difficult task. There are different official sources of urban data, but they are not oriented to this kind of evaluation. For instance, census data have lost accuracy due to its new methodology (2011), and their level of disaggregation is often inadequate. Other sources such as Cadastre are aimed at tax purposes and they must therefore be reinterpreted

Programa de educación para la salud: abordaje del cuidado de los niños con diabetes mellitus en el colegio

La diabetes mellitus es el trastorno endocrino-metabólico más frecuente en la infancia. A pesar de que en la edad pediátrica es más frecuente la diabetes tipo I se está viendo un incremento de la incidencia de la diabetes tipo II, debido a una mala alimentación y déficit de ejercicio físico.El colegio es el entorno donde los niños pasan gran parte del día y, por tanto, donde pueden aparecer las descompensaciones glucémicas, por ello es importante la intervención en este ámbito. En los colegios en los que aún no cuentan con la enfermera escolar, los profesionales de enfermería de atención primaria serán los que asuman la educación diabetológica en las escuelas.Los programas de educación para la salud, tanto a profesores, como a padres y niños, así como el seguimiento posterior, es el método de abordaje más adecuado, para la atención y cuidado del niño con diabetes en el colegio. <br /

Evolution of the Seroprevalence of Pestivirus and Respiratory Viral Infections in Spanish Feedlot Lambs

The presence of respiratory viruses and pestiviruses in sheep has been widely demonstrated, and their ability to cause injury and predispose to respiratory processes have been proven experimentally. A longitudinal observational study was performed to determine the seroprevalence of bovine parainfluenza virus type 3 (BPIV-3), bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV), bovine herpesvirus type 1 (BHV-1) and pestiviruses in 120 lambs at the beginning and the end of the fattening period. During this time, the animals were clinically monitored, their growth was recorded, and post-mortem examinations were performed in order to identify the presence of pneumonic lesions in the animals. Seroconversion to all viruses tested except BHV-1 was detected at the end of the period. Initially, BPIV-3 antibodies were the most frequently found, while the most common seroconversion through the analysed period occurred to BRSV. Only 10.8% of the lambs showed no detectable levels of antibodies against any of the tested viruses at the end of the survey. In addition, no statistical differences were found in the presentation of respiratory clinical signs, pneumonic lesions nor in the production performance between lambs that seroconverted and those which did not, except in the case of pestiviruses. The seroconversion to pestiviruses was associated with a reduction in the final weight of the lambs

La matrona en la Baja Edad Media: Fama, reconocimiento social y autoridad en el ámbito peninsular.

El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo estudiar y reconstruir, en la medida de lo posible, la cotidianeidad de las matronas en el periodo de la Edad Media, centrándonos en el ámbito peninsular durante los últimos siglos del periodo. Para ello se ha consultado variedad de fuentes existentes, desde fondos documentales; como pueden ser tratados médicos y procesos notariales hasta llegar a la iconografía. Con la información extraída establecemos un desarrollo de la profesión, atendiendo a los cambios que sufre y sobre todo nos centraremos en la fama y reputación de la que disfrutaban estas matronas dentro de sus comunidades, reconstruyendo dicho reconocimiento mediante ejemplos locales como el de la matrona Salinas en Zaragoza.<br /

Efecto alelopático de especies invasoras de ribera sobre la germinación de especies del sotobosque

9 páginas. -- Trabajo presentado en la 50ª Reunión Científica de la SEEPLa producción de sustancias alelopáticas por las especies vegetales contribuye a incrementar su éxito competitivo frente a otras especies coexistentes dentro de un mismo hábitat, pudiendo llegar incluso a eliminarlas. Las sustancias alelopáticas pueden inhibir la germinación y el crecimiento de otras especies de la comunidad. En los bosques de ribera se ha detectado la presencia de árboles exóticos con potencial invasor en otros ecosistemas pero se desconoce su efecto sobre las especies autóctonas herbáceas. Nuestra hipótesis es que las especies invasoras podrían utilizar la producción de aleloquímicos de una manera eficiente para desplazar a las especies herbáceas autóctonas, pudiendo llegar a eliminarlas. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue estudiar el efecto extractos de hojarasca de especies alóctonas arbóreas (Ulmus pumila, Robinia pseudoacacia, Ailanthus altissima) y autóctonas (Populus alba) sobre la germinación de cuatro especies herbáceas frecuentes en el sotobosque del bosque de ribera del rio Henares (Madrid). Los resultados mostraron una disminución de la velocidad de germinación de B. phoenicoides y B. sylvaticum con los extractos de las especies alóctonas y autóctonas excepto para el olmo siberiano. Chenopodium album no se vio perjudicada por los extractos de las especies alóctonas pero sí por lo de la especie autóctona. La velocidad de germinación de Dactylis glomerata fue afectada por los extractos de todas las especies alóctonas. Se concluye que no existe un efecto consistente de los extractos de las hojas de árboles exóticos sobre las herbáceas nativas, sino que éstos dependen tanto de la naturaleza del árbol donante como de la herbácea receptora.Plants produce allelopathic substances increasing their competitive success over other species coexisting within the same habitat, being able to eliminate them. Allelopathic substances inhibit germination and growth of other species in the community. In the riverside forests, it has been detected, the presence of invasive tree species with demonstrated invasive potential in other ecosystems. Our hypothesis is that invasive species could use the production of allelochemicals in an efficient way to compete against native herbaceous species. The aim of this work was to assess the effects of leaf extracts of invasive species (Ulmus pumila, Robinia pseudoacacia, Ailanthus altissima) and native (Populus alba) on the germination of four grass species frequent in the forest understory bank of the river Henares (Madrid). The results showed that extracts of alien and native species (except Siberian elm) decreased the germination speed of B. phoenicoides and B. sylvaticum. The effect of extracts in Chenopodium album was not clear. The extracts of all alien species affected the germination speed of Dactylis glomerata.Agradecemos la ayuda de la Dra. Teodora Martínez en la localización de las zonas de campo. Este trabajo ha sido financiado por los proyectos POII10-0179-4700 de la Junta de Castilla La Mancha y CGL2010-16388/BOS del Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación.Peer reviewe

La competencia digital en la formación inicial docente. Percepción de los estudiantes de Magisterio de la Universidad de Valencia : Digital competence in initial teacher training. Perception of the students of teaching of the University of Valencia

Resumen: La formación inicial de los docentes resulta un aspecto fundamental para la mejora de los sistemas educativos. En esta línea, este estudio pretende conocer la percepción de los futuros maestros en relación a la importancia de las competencias básicas en su formación y, de forma específica, su concepción sobre la competencia digital, su utilidad y su percepción de autoeficacia. La información de la muestra, compuesta por 104 estudiantes de los Grados de Maestro/a en Educación Infantil y Primaria de la Universitat de València, ha sido recogida a través de un instrumento diseñado ad hoc para la investigación. Los resultados muestran que los estudiantes perciben como competencias fundamentales la comunicación lingüística, las competencias sociales y cívicas o la competencia de aprender a aprender, quedando en segundo plano la competencia digital. Sobre ésta, tienen una percepción mayoritariamente instrumental, otorgándole utilidad especialmente para aumentar la motivación de los estudiantes y percibiendo una mayor autoeficacia en aspectos vinculados a las dimensiones informativa y comunicativa. Palabras clave: Formación inicial; maestros; competencias; tecnologías. Abstract: Initial teachers’ training is a main aspect for the improvement of education systems. Under this premise, the present study aims to analyze the perception of future teachers regarding the importance of basic skills in their training and, specifically its conception about the digital competence, its usefulness in teaching work and their perception of self-efficacy. The sample’s information, composed by 104 students enrolled in the Early Childhood Education Degree and Primary Education Degree of the University of Valencia who, has been collected through an instrument designed ad hoc for research. The results show that students perceive as fundamental competences such as language communication, social and civic competences or the competence to learn how to learn, being the Digital competence a secondary issue. Also, in relation to this, they have a mostly instrumental perception, making it especially useful to increase students' motivation and perceiving greater self-efficacy in aspects related to the informative and communicative dimensions. Key words: Initial training; teachers; competences; technologie

Identificando o Perfil do Público-Alvo dos Cursos de Graduação na Modalidade de Educação a Distância, no Brasil: Uma Análise Explora Tória

Distance education (DE), a learning process where some parts of the knowledge transmission is remotely conducted , has developed fast in Brazil and has been considered an important educational alternative, due to its great potential for social inclusion. Although both the enrollment and the offer of undergraduate courses have grown significantly in recent years, a persistent problem for the enhancement of this learning alternative is the lack of quantitative and qualitative information about the student population. In order to try to fill this gap, this paper aims to identify the main specific characteristics of this group of students using data from the Higher Education Census 2009 and the results of the Socio-Economic Survey of ENADE 2009, then providing suggestions for the customization and improvement of the undergraduate courses offered via DE in Brazil.A modalidade de educação a distância (EAD), processo de aprendizado em que parte da transmissão do conhecimento é realizado de forma remota, tem se desenvolvido rapidamente no Brasil e se configurado como uma alternativa educacional importante pelo seu potencial de inclusão social. Embora o número de matrículas e a oferta de cursos de graduação tenham crescido significativamente nos últimos anos, um problema persistente para a evolução dessa oferta é a carência de informações quantitativas e qualitativas atualizadas sobre o perfil dos alunos matriculados. Para tentar suprir esta lacuna, este artigo busca identificar as principais características desse grupo de alunos utilizando os dados do Censo de Educação Superior de 2009 e os resultados do questionário socioeconômico do Enade de 2009, para depois fornecer sugestões para a customização e melhoria dos cursos de graduação oferecidos nessa modalidade no Brasil

Prevalence of chronic head, neck and low back pain and associated factors in women residing in the Autonomous Region of Madrid (Spain)

AbstractObjectiveTo compare the prevalence of chronic headache (CH), chronic neck pain (CNP) and chronic low back pain (CLBP) in the autonomous region of Madrid by analyzing gender differences and to determine the factors associated with each pain location in women in 2007.MethodsWe analyzed data obtained from adults aged 16 years or older (n = 12,190) who participated in the 2007 Madrid Regional Health Survey. This survey includes data from personal interviews conducted in a representative population residing in family dwellings in Madrid. The presence CH, CNP, and CLBP was analyzed. Sociodemographic features, self-perceived health status, lifestyle habits, psychological distress, drug consumption, use of healthcare services, the search for alternative solutions, and comorbid diseases were analyzed by using logistic regression models.ResultsThe prevalence of CH, CNP and CLBP was significantly higher (P<0.001) in women (7.3%, 8.4%, 14.1%, respectively) than in men (2.2%, 3.2%, 7.8%, respectively). In women, CH, CNP and CBLP were significantly associated with having ≥3 chronic diseases (OR 7.1, 8.5, 5.8, respectively), and with the use of analgesics and drugs for inflammation (OR: 3.5, 1.95, 2.5, respectively). In the bivariate analysis, the factors associated with pain in distinct body locations differed between men and women.ConclusionsThis study found that CH, CNP and CLBP are a major public health problem in women in central Spain. Women have a higher overall prevalence of chronic pain than men. Chronic pain was associated with a higher use of analgesics and healthcare services