Relationship between molecular pathogen detection and clinical disease in febrile children across Europe: a multicentre, prospective observational study

BackgroundThe PERFORM study aimed to understand causes of febrile childhood illness by comparing molecular pathogen detection with current clinical practice.MethodsFebrile children and controls were recruited on presentation to hospital in 9 European countries 2016-2020. Each child was assigned a standardized diagnostic category based on retrospective review of local clinical and microbiological data. Subsequently, centralised molecular tests (CMTs) for 19 respiratory and 27 blood pathogens were performed.FindingsOf 4611 febrile children, 643 (14%) were classified as definite bacterial infection (DB), 491 (11%) as definite viral infection (DV), and 3477 (75%) had uncertain aetiology. 1061 controls without infection were recruited. CMTs detected blood bacteria more frequently in DB than DV cases for N. meningitidis (OR: 3.37, 95% CI: 1.92-5.99), S. pneumoniae (OR: 3.89, 95% CI: 2.07-7.59), Group A streptococcus (OR 2.73, 95% CI 1.13-6.09) and E. coli (OR 2.7, 95% CI 1.02-6.71). Respiratory viruses were more common in febrile children than controls, but only influenza A (OR 0.24, 95% CI 0.11-0.46), influenza B (OR 0.12, 95% CI 0.02-0.37) and RSV (OR 0.16, 95% CI: 0.06-0.36) were less common in DB than DV cases. Of 16 blood viruses, enterovirus (OR 0.43, 95% CI 0.23-0.72) and EBV (OR 0.71, 95% CI 0.56-0.90) were detected less often in DB than DV cases. Combined local diagnostics and CMTs respectively detected blood viruses and respiratory viruses in 360 (56%) and 161 (25%) of DB cases, and virus detection ruled-out bacterial infection poorly, with predictive values of 0.64 and 0.68 respectively.InterpretationMost febrile children cannot be conclusively defined as having bacterial or viral infection when molecular tests supplement conventional approaches. Viruses are detected in most patients with bacterial infections, and the clinical value of individual pathogen detection in determining treatment is low. New approaches are needed to help determine which febrile children require antibiotics.FundingEU Horizon 2020 grant 668303

Impact of infection on proteome-wide glycosylation revealed by distinct signatures for bacterial and viral pathogens

Mechanisms of infection and pathogenesis have predominantly been studied based on differential gene or protein expression. Less is known about posttranslational modifications, which are essential for protein functional diversity. We applied an innovative glycoproteomics method to study the systemic proteome-wide glycosylation in response to infection. The protein site-specific glycosylation was characterized in plasma derived from well-defined controls and patients. We found 3862 unique features, of which we identified 463 distinct intact glycopeptides, that could be mapped to more than 30 different proteins. Statistical analyses were used to derive a glycopeptide signature that enabled significant differentiation between patients with a bacterial or viral infection. Furthermore, supported by a machine learning algorithm, we demonstrated the ability to identify the causative pathogens based on the distinctive host blood plasma glycopeptide signatures. These results illustrate that glycoproteomics holds enormous potential as an innovative approach to improve the interpretation of relevant biological changes in response to infection

From the Doodle to the Sketch as an Aesthetic Element in Animation: the “Pencil Tests” by Glen Keane

[ES] En estudios como Walt Disney Animation, el dibujo abocetado que conforma las pruebas de lápiz o “pencil tests”, es depurado para obtener los fotogramas que darán lugar a la animación definitiva de acetatos. En el presente artículo analizaremos la presencia del trazo esbozado de Glen Keane en el resultado final de sus animaciones experimentales, Duet y Nephtali. En segundo lugar, veremos la transformación que sufre la línea de sus borradores a un contorno limpio y depurado, en las secuencias que forman parte de películas como La Bella y la Bestia o Tarzán. Y, por último, reflexionaremos cómo esta prueba de lápiz puede considerarse como definitiva dentro de animaciones de estética más comercial, en Pocahontas.[EN] In animation studios such as Walt Disney Animation, the sketches that make up the animated sequences of “pencil tests” are polished, in most of the cases, to obtain the final frames that will lead to the definitive animation of cels. In this article we will analyze the presence of Glen Keane's sketch stroke in the final result in his experimental animations, Duet and  Nephtali. Then, we will see the transformation that the lines of his draft characters undergo to reach a clean and more refined outline, in the sequences that make up films such as the Beauty and the Beast or Tarzan. And, finally, we will reflect on how this “pencil test” can  be considered definitive within more commercial aesthetic animations, in Pocahontas.Rodríguez-González, M. (2020). Del inacabado al boceto como elemento estético: los "pencil tests" de Glen Keane. Con A de animación. 0(10):38-53. https://doi.org/10.4995/caa.2020.13274OJS3853010ARMENINI, Giovanni Battista, BER¬NÁRDEZ, Carmen (introducción, notas y tra¬ducción), 2000 [1587]. De los verdaderos precep¬tos de la pintura, Madrid: Visor Libros.BENDAZZI, Giannalberto, DE LA ROSA, Emilio, 2003 [1994]. Cartoons: 110 años de cine de animación, Madrid: Ocho y medio (Cartoons: One Hundred Years of Cinema Animation, India¬na: Indiana University Press).BERGER, John, 2002 [1997]. Algunos pasos hacia una pequeña teoría de lo visible, Madrid: Ár¬dora ("Steps Towards a Small Theory of the Visi¬ble", en Tate: The Art Magazine, nº 11, pp. 40-45).BERNÁRDEZ, Carmen, 1991-92. "La línea sabia: apuntes sobre algunos momentos de la his¬toria del dibujo", en Revista universidad complu¬tense: anales de Historia del Arte, nº 3, pp. 95-116.BERNÁRDEZ, Carmen, 1996. "El esencia¬lismo lineal de Ingres, como búsqueda de la idea de belleza", en Revista universidad complutense: anales de Historia del Arte, nº 6, pp. 205-215.CUETO, Sara, 2015. Animación de personajes 3D: los nuevos preceptos del timing. Transferen¬cias estéticas desde la animación tradicional [tesis doctoral], Pontevedra: Universidade de Vigo, Facultad de Bellas Artes de Pontevedra, 521 pp.DELACROIX, Eugène, SOLANA, Gui¬llermo (introducción y notas), 1988 [1822- 1863]. El puente de la visión: antología de los Diarios, Madrid: Tecnos (The Journal of Eugène Delacroix).FRIED, Michael, 2003 [1990]. El realismo de Courbet, Madrid: Antonio Machado Libros (Courbet's Realism, Londres: The University of Chicago Press, Ltd.)GARCÍA, Raúl, 2000. La magia del dibujo animado: (actores del lápiz), Edicions de Ponent: Alicante.GENET, Jean, 1997 [1968]. El objeto invisi¬ble: escritos sobre arte, literatura y teatro, Barcelo¬na: Thassàlia (L'objet invisible, Francia: Editions Gallimard).GREENBERG, Clement, 2006 [1961]. La Pintura moderna y otros ensayos, Madrid: Siruela (Art and Culture: Critical Essays, Boston: Bea¬con Press).HALAS, John, MANVELL, Robert, 1980 [1959]. La técnica de los dibujos animados, Barce¬lona: Omega (The Technique of Film Animation, Londres: Focal Press).KEANE, Glen, 2010. "Glen Keane Draws Ariel!" (https://www.youtube.com/ watch?v=5S0Lez-8Rn0) [acceso: marzo, 2017]).KEANE, Glen, 2016. "How I Created Dis¬ney Princesses", Google Zeitgeist (https://www. youtube.com/watch?v=1ftHVPJJ26I [acceso: marzo, 2017]).KRAUSS, Rosalind E., 2002 [1990]. Lo foto¬gráfico: por una teoría de los desplazamientos, Bar¬celona: Gustavo Gili (Le Photographique. Pour une théorie des écarts, París: Macula [A partir de ensayos escritos por la autora entre 1974 y 1984]).LEE, Paloma. "Some Kinds of Duration: The Temporality of Drawing as Process Art", en BUTLER, Cornelia (ed.), 1999. Afterimage: drawing Through Process, Los Ángeles: Museum of Contemporary Art y Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press, pp. 25-48.LYOTARD, Jean-François, 1979 [1971]. Discurso, figura, Barcelona: Gustavo Gili (Dis¬cours, figure, Francia: Klincksieck).PRENDEVILLE, Brendan, 2001 [2000]. El realismo en la pintura del siglo XX, Barcelo¬na: Destino (Realism in 20th Century Painting, Londres: Thames and Hudson Ltd.).SÁENZ, Rodolfo, 2006. Arte y técnica de la animación: clásica, corpórea, computada, para juegos o interactiva, Buenos Aires: Ediciones de la Flor.WHITE, Tony, 1988 [1986]. The Animator's Workbook: Step-by-step Techniques of Drawn Animation, Nueva York: Watson-Guptill (The Animator's Workbook: Step-by-step Techniques of Drawn Animation, Nueva York: Watson-Guptill)

Carta de Psicología No. 57

Editorial. Especialización en Psicología Clínica: uno de los mejores programas de la Facultad de Psicología. Comprensión del fenómeno de trata de personas con fines de explotación sexual en Colombia. Procesos de socialización en niños, niñas y adolescentes (NNA) colombianos durante y después de la pandemia. Escala de Medición de la Soledad BATAN. Ciberviolencia, una aproximación desde la cognición extendida y enactiva. Efectos de las prácticas de crianza en el desarrollo de niños y niñas durante la infancia temprana en familias disfuncionales. Influencia de los padres en el uso de estrategias adaptativas y desadaptativas de regulación emocional utilizadas por los niños y niñas durante la infancia intermedia. Exploración acerca de las estrategias de intervención implementadas en los niños, niñas y adolescentes víctimas del conflicto armado en Colombia. Validación por jueces de un instrumento de medición de afectividad y erotismo en trabajadoras sexuales de Bogotá. Efectos del castigo físico como agente de control y disciplina en la crianza de niños y niñas en infancia temprana. Beneficios cognitivos de los videojuegos. Revisión teórica del estilo de crianza democrático. Ser porque hemos sido: La conexión emocional en la reconstrucción del tejido social para la paz. Conexión emocional como estrategia para la construcción del sentido de país. El uso de tecnologías de la información y la comunicación en la medición de procesos psicológicos. Relación entre moda, imagen corporal y conducta alimentaria en Latinoamérica. Niveles de estrés, ansiedad y depresión durante el aislamiento social obligatorio en personas que realizan teletrabajo. Contribuyendo al bienestar y calidad de vida de las comunidades. El rol de los hermanos de niños diagnosticados con trastorno del espectro autista (TEA): desarrollo de interacciones y comunicación, una revisión teórica

Desafíos y tendencias para la perdurabilidad de las organizaciones en escenarios de incertidumbre

This research book contains chapters that analyze the development and strengthening of organizations to become increasingly competitive, facing the opportunities of new business models in the global context. Among the topics discussed are: solutions to problems inherent to the quality of life, productivity, competitiveness, and sustainable development of organizations through innovation, marketing, training, and human talent, among others.Este libro de investigación presenta capítulos que analizan el desarrollo y el fortalecimiento de las organizaciones para hacerse cada vez más competitivas frente a las oportunidades de nuevos modelos de negocios en contextos glocales. Entre los temas presentados se abordan soluciones a problemáticas inherentes a la calidad de vida, la productividad, la competitividad y el desarrollo sostenible de las organizaciones, mediante la innovación, el marketing, la formación y el talento humano, entre otros.Este livro de pesquisa apresenta capítulos que analisam o desenvolvimento e o fortalecimento das organizações para se tornarem cada vez mais competitivas frente às oportunidades de novos modelos de negócios em contextos glocais. Entre os temas apresentados se abordam soluções a problemáticas inerentes à qualidade de vida, a produtividade, a competitividade e o desenvolvimento sustentável das organizações, mediante a inovação, o marketing, a formação e o talento humano, entre outros

Emergency medical services utilisation among febrile children attending emergency departments across Europe: an observational multicentre study

Abstract Children constitute 6–10% of all patients attending the emergency department (ED) by emergency medical services (EMS). However, discordant EMS use in children occurs in 37–61% with fever as an important risk factor. We aimed to describe EMS utilisation among febrile children attending European EDs. This study is part of an observational multicentre study assessing management and outcome in febrile children up to 18 years (MOFICHE) attending twelve EDs in eight European countries. Discordant EMS use was defined as the absence of markers of urgency including intermediate/high triage urgency, advanced diagnostics, treatment, and admission in children transferred by EMS. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed for the association between (1) EMS use and markers of urgency, and (2) patient characteristics and discordant EMS use after adjusting all analyses for the covariates age, gender, visiting hours, presenting symptoms, and ED setting. A total of 5464 (15%, range 0.1–42%) children attended the ED by EMS. Markers of urgency were more frequently present in the EMS group compared with the non-EMS group. Discordant EMS use occurred in 1601 children (29%, range 1–59%). Age and gender were not associated with discordant EMS use, whereas neurological symptoms were associated with less discordant EMS use (aOR 0.2, 95%CI 0.1–0.2), and attendance out of office hours was associated with more discordant EMS use (aOR 1.6, 95%CI 1.4–1.9). Settings with higher percentage of self-referrals to the ED had more discordant EMS use (p &lt; 0.05).  Conclusion: There is large practice variation in EMS use in febrile children attending European EDs. Markers of urgency were more frequently present in children in the EMS group. However, discordant EMS use occurred in 29%. Further research is needed on non-medical factors influencing discordant EMS use in febrile children across Europe, so that pre-emptive strategies can be implemented. What is Known: •Children constitute around 6–10% of all patients attending the emergency department by emergency medical services. •Discordant EMS use occurs in 37–61% of all children, with fever as most common presenting symptom for discordant EMS use in children. What is New: •There is large practice variation in EMS use among febrile children across Europe with discordance EMS use occurring in 29% (range 1–59%), which was associated with attendance during out of office hours and with settings with higher percentage of self-referrals to the ED. •Future research is needed focusing on non-medical factors (socioeconomic status, parental preferences and past experience, healthcare systems, referral pathways, out of hours services provision) that influence discordant EMS use in febrile children across Europe. </jats:p

Universal Dependencies 2.8.1

Universal Dependencies is a project that seeks to develop cross-linguistically consistent treebank annotation for many languages, with the goal of facilitating multilingual parser development, cross-lingual learning, and parsing research from a language typology perspective. The annotation scheme is based on (universal) Stanford dependencies (de Marneffe et al., 2006, 2008, 2014), Google universal part-of-speech tags (Petrov et al., 2012), and the Interset interlingua for morphosyntactic tagsets (Zeman, 2008). Version 2.8.1 fixes a bug in 2.8 where a portion of the Dutch Alpino treebank was accidentally omitted

Universal Dependencies 2.7

Universal Dependencies is a project that seeks to develop cross-linguistically consistent treebank annotation for many languages, with the goal of facilitating multilingual parser development, cross-lingual learning, and parsing research from a language typology perspective. The annotation scheme is based on (universal) Stanford dependencies (de Marneffe et al., 2006, 2008, 2014), Google universal part-of-speech tags (Petrov et al., 2012), and the Interset interlingua for morphosyntactic tagsets (Zeman, 2008)

Universal Dependencies 2.10

Universal Dependencies is a project that seeks to develop cross-linguistically consistent treebank annotation for many languages, with the goal of facilitating multilingual parser development, cross-lingual learning, and parsing research from a language typology perspective. The annotation scheme is based on (universal) Stanford dependencies (de Marneffe et al., 2006, 2008, 2014), Google universal part-of-speech tags (Petrov et al., 2012), and the Interset interlingua for morphosyntactic tagsets (Zeman, 2008)