Analysis of aerosol optical depth evaluation in polar regions and associated uncertainties

Some available processing algorithms used to calculate the aerosol optical depth from radiometric measurements were tested. The aim was to evaluate the associated uncertainties in polar regions due to the data processing, in order to adjust the methodology of the calculation and illustrate the importance of these error sources. The measurements were obtained during a sun photometer campaign in Ny-Ålesund within the framework of the POLAR-AOD project

Nueva especie de proparasitylenchus Wachek (Tylenchida, allantonematidae) parásito de harmonia Axyridis pallas, 1773 (Coleoptera, coccinellidae) en argentina

A new species Proparasitylenchus inalienatus sp. n. is described and illustrated, a parasite of the coccinelid Harmonia axyridis Pallas, 1773 in a locality near Gran La Plata, Colonia Urquiza, Argentina. Of the 13 species described, this species,  it  is characterized by having a cephalic end projecting, faint stylet in its normal place, vulva posterior, tail appendage conoid, with bifurcated tip in both sexes, male with two spicules and a tiny gubernaculum, and leptoderan bursa. We obtained the 18S rDNA partial sequence.Una nueva especie Proparasitylenchus inalienatus sp. n., se describe parasitando al coccinélido Harmonia axyridis, de una localidad próxima al Gran La Plata, Colonia Urquiza. De las 13 especies descriptas, esta  se caracteriza por tener en el extremo cefálico una proyección, estilete tenue en su lugar normal, vulva posterior, apéndice caudal conoide, con punta bifurcada en ambos sexos, macho con dos espículas y un diminuto gubernáculo y bursa leptodera. Obtuvimos la primera secuencia parcial 18S rDNA para el género

Prevalencia de candidiasis vaginal en una población obstétrica de bajo riesgo en Santander

ObjetivoConocer la prevalencia de candidiasis vaginal en embarazadas controladas desde atención primaria y ver si está aumentando con el paso del tiempo.DiseñoEstudio descriptivo, retrospectivo del universo de mujeres embarazadas.EmplazamientoZona Básica de Salud Cazoña (34.783 habitantes).SujetosToda la población obstétrica controlada en nuestro centro de salud desde 1992 a 1997, ambos inclusive.Mediciones y resultadosEstudio retrospectivo de las historias clínicas de todas las mujeres embarazadas captadas en nuestro centro de salud (878 embarazos). Descartados los derivados a tocólogo, abortos y partos prematuros, se han valorado 549 embarazos (62,30% del total) normales, de bajo riesgo, controlados hasta el final por atención primaria, con un rango de edad de 16-40 años. La prevalencia media de candidiasis es de un 18% (IC, 15,0-21,6). Su frecuencia aumenta a medida que se incrementa el número de gestaciones y disminuye a medida que aumenta la edad de la embarazada.ConclusionesLa prevalencia encontrada en nuestro estudio es de un 18%, y no está aumentando a medida que pasan los años.ObjectivesTo find the prevalence of vaginal candidiasis in pregnant women monitored through primary care and to see whether it is on the increase.DesignDescriptive and retrospective study of pregnant women.SettingCazoña Health District (34783 inhabitants).SubjectsThe entire obstetric population monitored by our health centre between 1992 and 1997 inclusive.Measurements and resultsRetrospective study of clinical histories of all the pregnant women seen at our health centre (878 pregnancies). After discounting those referred to obstetricians, abortions/ miscarriages and premature births, 549 normal low-risk pregnancies (62.30% of the total) were monitored to completion in primary care. The women's age range was 16 to 40. The mean prevalence of candidiasis was 18% (CI, 15.0-21.6). Its frequency increased as the number of pregnancies increased and dropped as the age of the pregnant women increased.ConclusionsPrevalence found in our study was 18% and did not increase as the years passed

Morfología y citogenética de nemátodos Rhabditida parasitando arañas y escorpiones en Argentina

The discovery of nematodes in spiders and scorpions from a manual sampling in the city of La Plata, Argentina, revealed the presence of specimens of the order Rhabditda. The main objective of this study is to present the presence of nematodes in the arachnid group, for which there is little precedent. One of the nematodes found belongs to the genus Rhabditis Dujardin, 1845, of saprophytic character, characterized by carrying a fungus that kills the host and degrades it in order to feed itself. This was found in the general cavity of the body of the spider Dysdera crocata Koch, 1838. It is characterized by having a thin cuticle, closed labial papillae, a long stoma without teeth, an esophagus with a middle bulb with a valve and a valved basal bulb, and a middle vulva, short and conical caudal appendage. Mitotic division is described and information about the morphology of chromosomes is provided. We carried out a cytogenetic study of the Rhabditis, they showed that they have five chromosomes, of which 2 are larger, in metaphase they are acro-telocentric. The other genus found is Cruznema (Artigas, 1927) Dougherty, 1953, parasite of the intestine of the scorpion Tityus carrilloi Ojanguren-Affilastro, Kochalka, Guerrero-Orellana, Garcete-Barrett, De Roodt, Borges & Ceccarelli, 2021, characterized by having a cuticle with longitudinal striae and transverse rings, mouth surrounded by six well-separated lips, cuticularized stoma, long and with three well-developed teeth, esophagus with a strong and muscular middle bulb and a valved basal bulb, female with a prodelphic ovary, vulva posterior to the half the length of the body, caudal appendage short and conical.El hallazgo de nematodos en arañas y escorpiones, fruto de habituales y sistemáticos de muestreos manuales de arácnidos en la ciudad de La Plata, Argentina, reveló la presencia de ejemplares del orden Rhabditda. Este estudio tiene como objetivo comunicar la presencia de nematodos en el grupo arácnidos, del cual hay escasos y limitados antecedentes.  Uno de los nematodos hallados pertenece al género Rhabditis Dujardin, 1845, de carácter saprófito, caracterizado por llevar en el esófago un hongo que al matar al hospedador lo degrada para poder alimentarse. Este se halló en la cavidad general del cuerpo de la araña Dysdera crocata Koch, 1838. El mismo se caracteriza por tener la cutícula fina, papilas labiales cerradas, estoma largo, sin dientes, esófago con bulbo medio con valva y bulbo basal valvado, vulva media, apéndice caudal corto y cónico. Se describe la división mitótica y se aporta información acerca de la morfología de los cromosomas. Se realizó un estudio citogenético de los Rhabditis, los mismos mostraron poseer cinco cromosomas, de los cuales 2 son más grandes, en metafase, son acro-telocéntricos. El otro género hallado es Cruznema (Artigas, 1927) Dougherty, 1953, parásito del intestino del escorpión Tityus carrilloi Ojanguren-Affilastro, Kochalka, Guerrero-Orellana, Garcete-Barrett, De Roodt, Borges & Ceccarelli, 2021, caracterizado por tener una cutícula con estrías longitudinales y anillos transversales, boca rodeada de seis  labios bien separados, estoma cuticularizado, largo y con tres dientes bien desarrollado, esófago con un bulbo medio fuerte y musculoso y un bulbo basal valvado, hembra con un ovario prodélfico, vulva posterior a la mitad de la longitud del cuerpo, apéndice caudal corto y cónico

High school students’ reilience and school engagement in rural context

El objetivo principal de este estudio es analizar la relación entre la implicación escolar y la resiliencia en función del sexo y la edad, en alumnado de zona rural. Participaron 93 estudiantes (46 chicas y 47 chicos) de entre 12 y 16 años de la provincia de Álava. Los resultados indican que no existen diferencias en resiliencia ni en función de la edad ni del sexo, pero sí en implicación escolar, favorables a las mujeres y a los adolescentes de menor edad. La relación entre ambas variables parece estar mediada por el papel conjunto del sexo y la edad. Se discuten los datos obtenidos y sus implicaciones prácticas, pues este estudio abre puertas a futuras investigaciones sobre la temática.The main objective of this study is to analyze the relationship between school involvement and resilience based on gender and age in students from rural context. 93 students ( 46 girls and 47 boys ) from Álava aged between 12 and 16 years old took part in this investigation. The results indicate that there are no differences in resilience depending on age or sex; but in school engagemente, there are significative differences favorable to women and to youngest adolescents. The relationship between this two variables, appears to be mediated by the joint role of sex and age. The data obtained and its practical implications are discussed. This study opens doors to future research on the subject.Este trabajo se ha desarrollado en el marco del proyecto UPV/EHU 15/15 titulado “La implicación escolar en la educación secundaria en función de las características individuales y del contexto social del alumnado”

An assessment of observed and simulated temperature variability in Sierra de Guadarrama

This work provides a first assessment of temperature variability at interannual and decadal timescales in Sierra de Guadarrama, a high mountain protected area of the Central System in the Iberian Peninsula. Observational data from stations located in the area and simulated data from a high-resolution simulation (1 km) with the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model, fed from ERA Interim reanalysis, are used in order to analyse the temperatura variability in the period 2000–2018. Comparison among all datasets allows evaluation of the realism of the model simulations. The results show that the model tends to underestimate the observational mean temperatures and anomalies at high-altitude stations. A linear mean temperature vertical gradient of −5.81 ◦C/km is observed, but it is overestimated by the model (−6.56 ◦C/km). The variability of the daily temperature anomalies for both observations and, to a lesser extent, simulations increases with height. The added value that the WRF offers against the use of the ERA Interim is evaluated. The results show that the WRF provides a better performance than the reanalysis, as it shows smaller biases with respect to observational temperature anomalies. Finally, the study of temperature trends over the Sierra de Guadarrama and its surroundings for the period 2000–2018 shows a warming in the area, significantly pronounced in autumn. When extended to the last decades, observations show that this warming has been happening since the first half of the 20th century, especially during the period 1970–2018, but not as much as during 2000–2018.This research was funded by CEI Moncloa UPM-UCM-Ciemat Cooperation Agreement: GuMNet (Guadarrama Monitoring Network) Initiative, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación: GreatModelS (RTI2018-102305-B-C21d), Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación: GreatModelS (RTI2018-102305-B-C21d), Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación: ILModels (CGL2014-59644-R/CLI)

Holographic flavor on the Higgs branch

In this paper we study the holographic dual, in several spacetime dimensions, of the Higgs branch of gauge theories with fundamental matter. These theories contain defects of various codimensionalities, where the matter fields are located. In the holographic description the matter is added by considering flavor brane probes in the supergravity backgrounds generated by color branes, while the Higgs branch is obtained when the color and flavor branes recombine with each other. We show that, generically, the holographic dual of the Higgs phase is realized by means of the addition of extra flux on the flavor branes and by choosing their appropriate embedding in the background geometry. This suggests a dielectric interpretation in terms of the color branes, whose vacuum solutions precisely match the F- and D-flatness conditions obtained on the field theory side. We further compute the meson mass spectra in several cases and show that when the defect added has codimension greater than zero it becomes continuous and gapless.Comment: 59 pages, 1 figure;v2: references adde

Nesfatin-1 in human and murine cardiomyocytes: synthesis, secretion, and mobilization of GLUT-4

Nesfatin-1, a satiety-inducing peptide identified in hypothalamic regions that regulate energy balance, is an integral regulator of energy homeostasis and a putative glucose-dependent insulin coadjuvant. We investigated its production by human cardiomyocytes and its effects on glucose uptake, in the main cardiac glucose transporter GLUT-4 and in intracellular signaling. Quantitative RT-PCR, Western blots, confocal immunofluorescence microscopy, and ELISA of human and murine cardiomyocytes and/or cardiac tissue showed that cardiomyocytes can synthesize and secrete nesfatin-1. Confocal microscopy of cultured cardiomyocytes after GLUT-4 labeling showed that nesfatin-1 mobilizes this glucose transporter to cell peripherals. The rate of 2-deoxy-D-[(3)H]glucose incorporation demonstrated that nesfatin-1 induces glucose uptake by HL-1 cells and cultured cardiomyocytes. Nesfatin-1 induced dose- and time-dependent increases in the phosphorylation of ERK1/2, AKT, and AS160. In murine and human cardiac tissue, nesfatin-1 levels varied with diet and coronary health. In conclusion, human and murine cardiomyocytes can synthesize and secrete nesfatin-1, which is able to induce glucose uptake and the mobilization of the glucose transporter GLUT-4 in these cells. Nesfatin-1 cardiac levels are regulated by diet and coronary health