Hepatitis C in blood donors in the Greater São Paulo: genotyping, viral load, transaminases and hyaluronic acid serum

Introdução: A infeccao pelo virus da Hepatite C (VHC) e um problema de Saúde publica em todo mundo. Estima-se que mais de 170 milhoes de pessoas estejam infectadas, das quais 2,4 milhoes so no Brasil. As agressoes causadas pelo HCV nas celulas hepaticas levam a sua destruicao por diferentes mecanismos, que podem induzir uma resposta inflamatoria como hepatite cronica, com evolucao para cirrose e hepatocarcinoma. O metodo padrao ouro para avaliar o dano hepatico associado a hepatite viral e a biopsia. A busca de testes marcadores nao-invasivos que possam predizer o grau de fibrose hepatica, e de atividade inflamatoria sem o uso da biopsia tem sido muito estudada. Diversos marcadores nao-invasivos tem sido propostos, tais como, tempo de protrombina, contagem de plaquetas, dosagens bioquimicas sericas de gama-glutamil transferase (G-GT), alanino amino transferase (ALT), ferritina, bilirrubina, haptoglobulina, acido hialuronico (AH), entre outros. Objetivo: Determinar a carga viral do virus da Hepatite C em doadores de sangue da Grande São Paulo e relacionar com o conteudo serico de acido hialuronico, G-GT, ALT, e proteinas totais. Pacientes e metodos: Avaliacao de 50.607 amostras de doadores de sangue da grande São Paulo (2º semestre de 2005) triadas por 2 metodos de ELISA anti-VHC mostrou a presenca de 308 amostras anti-VHC positivas. O RNA-HCV foi detectado pelo metodo de RT-Nested PCR seguida da caracterizacao do genotipo do VHC pelo metodo RFLP. A carga viral foi determinada pelo metodo de PCR em tempo-real. As amostras foram dosadas paraconteudo serico de AH, ALT, G-GT e proteina total. Resultados: A frequencias de anticorpos anti-VHC variou de 0,61% (bioMerieux) a 0,31% (Ortho). Entre as 308 amostras de doadores de sangue 32,14% (99/308) e 58,57% (99/169) foram RNA-HCV positivas. O genotipo do HCV mais prevalente foi o do tipo 1 (82,83%), seguido pelo tipo 3 (13,13%). A media da carga viral do VHC foi de 122.371copias/mL, nao havendo diferencas entre a carga viral e os genotipos. Aumento no conteudo serico de ALT (9,1%) e G-GT (41,4%) foi mostrado para amostras RNA-HCV positivos. Os resultados mostraram que o conteudo serico de AH aumenta em funcao do teor de anticorpos nas diferentes amostras. Os resultados mostraram que o teor de AH serico correlaciona positivamente com o numero de copias do RNA viral, contrastando com os resultados encontrados para as dosagens de ALT, G-GT e proteinas totais, que nao apresentam correlacao com a carga viral. Conclusao: A dosagem de AH correlacionou com a presenca do virus, em especial, com a carga viral, indicando que o AH pode ser utilizado como marcador nao- invasivo da doenca. Os individuos estudados sao portadores assintomaticos, mas nossos resultados indicam uma possivel alteracao histologica do figadoBV UNIFESP: Teses e dissertaçõe

Distribution of Hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotypes in seropositive patients in the state of Alagoas, Brazil / Distribuição de genótipos do Vírus da hepatite C (HCV) em pacientes soropositivos no Estado de Alagoas, Brasil

Submitted by Ana Maria Fiscina Sampaio ([email protected]) on 2013-01-11T20:33:14Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Gonzaga, Rosa Maria S Distribution....pdf: 147559 bytes, checksum: db62cb9d398d805b2d1995c970eb86bb (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2013-01-11T20:33:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Gonzaga, Rosa Maria S Distribution....pdf: 147559 bytes, checksum: db62cb9d398d805b2d1995c970eb86bb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008Universidade Federal de Alagoas. Laboratório de Genética Molecular, Genômica e Proteômica. Maceió, AL, BrasilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, BrasilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, BrasilUniversidade Federal de Alagoas. Laboratório de Genética Molecular, Genômica e Proteômica. Maceió, AL, BrasilUniversidade Federal de Alagoas. Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde. Maceió, AL, BrasilA frequência de genótipos do vírus da hepatite C (HCV) em pacientes soropositivos anti-HCV no estado de Alagoas, Brasil, foi determinada através da RT-PCR aninhada da região 5'NCR seguida pela análise do polimorfismo de comprimento dos fragmentos de restrição (RFLP). A RT-PCR aninhada utilizando primers genótipo-específicos da região core foi efetuada quando não foi possível determinar o genótipo pelo primeiro método. Níveis detectáveis de HCV-RNA estavam presentes em 115 (74,7 por cento) das 154 amostras de soro. O genótipo 1 foi o mais freqüente (77,4 por cento), contra 20,9 por cento do genótipo 3 e 0,8 por cento do genótipo 2. O subtipo 1b foi predominante (65,2 por cento), seguido pelos subtipos 1a (8,7 por cento) e 3a (6,1 por cento). Co-infecção (1a/3a) foi detectada em 0,8 por cento das amostras. Não foram encontradas diferenças significativas quanto à prevalência do genótipo 1 em relação ao que tem sido obtido de pacientes soropositivos anti-HCV de outras localidades do Brasil. Este é o primeiro relato da presença do genótipo 2 no estado.We determined the frequency of hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotypes in anti-HCV seropositive patients in the state of Alagoas, Brazil, by means of nested-reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-nested-PCR) followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) of amplified fragments of the 5ïNCR. The nested-PCR with genotype-specific primers from the core region was carried out when detection was not possible by the first approach. Detectable HCV-RNA was present in 115 (74.7 percent) of 154 serum samples. Genotype 1 was the most frequent (77.4 percent), against 20.9 percent of genotype 3 and 0.8 percent of genotype 2. Subtype 1b was predominant (65.2 percent), followed by subtypes 1a (8.7 percent), and 3a (6.1 percent). Coinfection (1a/3a) was detected in 0.8 percent of the samples. Indeed, there was no significant differences in the prevalence of genotype 1 compared to what has been obtained from anti-HCV seropositive patients from other locations in Brazil. Here we report for the first time the genotype 2 in the state of Alagoas

Limited evidence of HCV transmission in stable heterosexual couples from Bahia, Brazil

HCV infected patients frequently ask their physician about the risk of transmission to their partners. Although it is easy to answer that the risk does exist, it is difficult to quantify. We studied the transmission of HCV infection in stable heterosexual couples: anti-HCV positive patients in hemodialytic therapy and their partners. Thirty-four couples were tested by third generation ELISA and RIBA. Blood samples of anti-HCV positive patients were evaluated by RT-PCR and detected sequences were genotyped by restriction fragment length polymorphism. Concordance of infection was observed in only one couple in which both subjects were in dialytic therapy. One other partner had two positive ELISA tests and an indeterminate RIBA, with negative RT-PCR, which may suggest a false positive or a previous resolved infection. Either sexual relations, sharing of personal items and history of parenteral exposure (hemodialysis, blood transfusion) could explain transmission in the only couple with concordant infection. We observed, in accordance with previous reports, that this risk is minimal or negligible in stable heterosexual couples

Limited evidence of HCV transmission in stable heterosexual couples from Bahia, Brazil

Submitted by Martha Silveira Berbert ([email protected]) on 2011-04-06T14:30:26Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Limited evidence of HCV transmission.pdf: 35258 bytes, checksum: 53a6c1ba223b3576cc5d6a3cb7201c56 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2011-04-06T14:30:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Limited evidence of HCV transmission.pdf: 35258 bytes, checksum: 53a6c1ba223b3576cc5d6a3cb7201c56 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-08Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, BrasilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, BrasilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, BrasilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, BrasilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, BrasilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, BrasilHCV infected patients frequently ask their physician about the risk of transmission to their partners. Although it is easy to answer that the risk does exist, it is difficult to quantify. We studied the transmission of HCV infection in stable heterosexual couples: anti-HCV positive patients in hemodialytic therapy and their partners. Thirty-four couples were tested by third generation ELISA and RIBA. Blood samples of anti-HCV positive patients were evaluated by RT-PCR and detected sequences were genotyped by restriction fragment length polymorphism. Concordance of infection was observed in only one couple in which both subjects were in dialytic therapy. One other partner had two positive ELISA tests and an indeterminate RIBA, with negative RT-PCR, which may suggest a false positive or a previous resolved infection. Either sexual relations, sharing of personal items and history of parenteral exposure (hemodialysis, blood transfusion) could explain transmission in the only couple with concordant infection. We observed, in accordance with previous reports, that this risk is minimal or negligible in stable heterosexual couples

Association of TGF-beta1 codon 25 (G915C) polymorphism with hepatitis C virus infection.

Submitted by Ana Maria Fiscina Sampaio ([email protected]) on 2014-04-15T12:55:24Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Pereira FA Association of TGF-B1....pdf: 118428 bytes, checksum: b99cd45762246fcf378e3ff767691dfa (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2014-04-15T12:55:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Pereira FA Association of TGF-B1....pdf: 118428 bytes, checksum: b99cd45762246fcf378e3ff767691dfa (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisa Gonçalo Moniz. Laboratório de Patologia e Biologia Molecular. Salvador, BA, BrasilUniversidade Federal da Bahia. Instituto de Ciências da Saúde. Salvador, BA, BrasilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisa Gonçalo Moniz. Laboratório de Patologia e Biologia Molecular. Salvador, BA, BrasilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisa Gonçalo Moniz. Laboratório de Patologia e Biologia Molecular. Salvador, BA, BrasilUniversidade Federal da Bahia. Instituto de Ciências da Saúde. Salvador, BA, BrasilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisa Gonçalo Moniz. Laboratório de Patologia e Biologia Molecular. Salvador, BA, BrasilCytokines play a key role in the regulation of immune responses. In hepatitis C virus infection (HCV), the production of abnormal cytokine levels appears to contribute to the progression of the disease, viral persistence, and affects response to therapy. Cytokine genes are polymorphic at specific sites, and certain polymorphisms located within coding/regulatory regions have been shown to affect the overall expression and secretion of cytokines. The aim of the present study was to identify potential markers of cytokines genes associated with the susceptibility to HCV infection. The cohort was composed of 128 individuals infected by HCV and 94 healthy controls. Genotyping was carried out by PCR-SSP. The distributions of the following polymorphisms were compared in these groups: TNF-alpha (-308G/A [rs1800629]), TGF-beta1 (codon 10 T/C [rs1982073], codon 25 G/C [rs1800471]), IL-10 (-1082 A/G [rs 1800896]; -819T/C [rs1800871]; -592A/C [rs 1800872]), IL-6 (-174G/C [rs1800795]), and IFN-gamma (+874T/A [rs2430561]). This study demonstrated a statistically significant difference in the frequency of TGF-beta1 codon 25 polymorphism between healthy subjects and those infected with HCV. No associations were observed between polymorphisms of TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma, IL-10, TGF-beta1 codon 10, and IL-6 and HCV infection. These findings suggest that TGF-beta1 codon 25 polymorphism could be a host genetic factor associated with susceptibility to HCV infection

Prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and HCV genotypes of hemodialysis patients in Salvador, Northeastern Brazil

Submitted by Ana Maria Fiscina Sampaio ([email protected]) on 2014-04-28T16:09:31Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Silva LK Prevalence of hepatitis....pdf: 591164 bytes, checksum: 581c3941f1ff2cefbde86e7579e4a5ec (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2014-04-28T16:09:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Silva LK Prevalence of hepatitis....pdf: 591164 bytes, checksum: 581c3941f1ff2cefbde86e7579e4a5ec (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisa Gonçalo Moniz. Laboratório de Patologia e Biologia Molecular. Salvador, BA, BrasilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisa Gonçalo Moniz. Laboratório de Patologia e Biologia Molecular. Salvador, BA, BrasilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisa Gonçalo Moniz. Laboratório de Patologia e Biologia Molecular. Salvador, BA, BrasilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisa Gonçalo Moniz. Laboratório de Patologia e Biologia Molecular. Salvador, BA, BrasilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisa Gonçalo Moniz. Laboratório de Patologia e Biologia Molecular. Salvador, BA, BrasilUniversidade Federal da Bahia. Faculdade de Medicina. Departamento de Medicina Interna. Salvador, BA, Brasil4Comissão Estadual de Nefrologia. Salvador, BA, BrasilHepatitis C virus (HCV) infection has been identified as the major cause of chronic liver disease among patients on chronic hemodialysis (HD), despite the important reduction in risks obtained by testing candidate blood donors for anti-HCV antibodies and the use of recombinant erythropoietin to treat anemia. A cross-sectional study was performed to estimate the prevalence of HCV infection and genotypes among HD patients in Salvador, Northeastern Brazil. Anti- HCV seroprevalence was determined by ELISA in 1243 HD patients from all ten different dialysis centers of the city. HCV infection was confirmed by RT-PCR and genotyping was performed by restriction fragment length polymorphism. Anti-HCV seroprevalence among HD patients was 10.5% (95% CI: 8.8-12.3) (Murex anti-HCV, Abbott Murex, Chicago, IL, USA). Blood samples for qualitative HCV detection and genotyping were collected from 125/130 seropositive HD patients (96.2%). HCV-RNA was detected in 92/125 (73.6%) of the anti-HCV-positive patients. HCV genotype 1 (77.9%) was the most prevalent, followed by genotype 3 (10.5%) and genotype 2 (4.6%). Mixed infections of genotypes 1 and 3 were found in 7.0% of the total number of patients. The present results indicate a significant decrease in anti-HCV prevalence from 23.8% detected in a study carried out in 1994 to 10.5% in the present study. The HCV genotype distribution was closely similar to that observed in other hemodialysis populations in Brazil, in local candidate blood donors and in other groups at risk of transfusion-transmitted infection

Prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection and HCV genotypes among hemophiliacs in the State of Bahia, Northeastern Brazil: analysis of serological and virological parameters

The objective of the present study was to analyze HCV serological and virological parameters from hemophiliacs in the State of Bahia. Anti-HCV was investigated by ELISA in a cohort of 268 hemophiliacs A/B who were followed-up in a reference unit for hemotherapy in the State of Bahia. HCV viremia and genotypes were also determined from a subset of 66 anti-HCV seropositive hemophiliacs. Seroprevalence among hemophiliacs was 42.2% (95% CI 36.5-48.1) and was significantly higher (p<0.05) according to age >10 years, presence of factor VIII/IX inhibitory antibodies and other infection markers. None of the hemophiliacs less than 5 years of age were anti-HCV seropositive. Viremia was detectable in 77.3% (51/66). HCV genotype 1 (74%) was the most prevalent followed by genotype 3 (22%) and genotype 2 (4%). Our results indicate that HCV prevalence is still high among hemophiliacs, although HCV transmission was not observed in young hemophiliacs