Fotostress como predictor de algumas patologias

Dissertação de mestrado em Optometria AvançadaObjectivo: Determinar se o tempo de recuperação no fotostress (TRF) foi afectado em pacientes com diabetes, cataratas e glaucoma. Métodos: Este estudo foi realizado numa clínica oftalmológica, durante um ano, usando cento e cinco pacientes com diagnóstico de glaucoma ou diabetes ou cataratas, bem como, cento e um pacientes sem patologia (controlos). A faixa etária destes pacientes estava compreendida entre os 43 e 74 anos de idade. O tempo de recuperação do fotostress (TRF) foi realizado iluminando o olho com um oftalmoscópio directo durante 30 segundos. O efeito da lateralidade (olho direito vs olho esquerdo) e da idade no TRF foi avaliado usando exclusivamente o grupo de controlo. O efeito das patologias no TRF foi avaliado comparando estatisticamente, em três grupos etários (43-54 anos, 55-64 anos e 65-74 anos), pacientes e controlos. Para cada grupo de idades só foram consideradas as patologias com mais de 6 pacientes. Resultados: A relação (regressão linear) entre a idade e o TRF foi estatisticamente significativa (ρ <0,02). Não há diferenças estatisticamente significativas nos valores de TRF entre o olho direito e o olho esquerdo nas três faixas etárias (ρ> 0,05). Na faixa etária dos 43-54 anos, onde foram comparados os grupos de controlo e diabetes, foram encontradas diferenças estatisticamente significativas (ρ=0,012); na faixa etária dos 55-64 anos, onde foram comparados os grupos de controlo, diabetes e GPAA, não houve diferenças estatisticamente significativas (ρ=0,182); na faixa etária dos 65-74 anos, onde foram comparados os grupos de controlo, diabetes e as cataratas, também não houve diferenças estatisticamente significativas (ρ=0,107). Conclusões: O tempo de recuperação do fotostress aumenta com a idade. Na faixa etária mais jovem (43-54 anos) a diabetes teve um tempo de recuperação inferior à do grupo de controlo.Aim: This study aims to ascertain if the recovery time in photostress (PSRT) may be affected by pathologies such as diabetes or glaucoma or cataracts. Methods: This study took place in an ophthalmology clinic for a year, using one hundred and five patients diagnosed with diabetes or glaucoma or cataracts as well as one hundred and one controls. The age range of these patients was from 43 to 74 years. The PSRT was performed by illuminating the eye with a direct ophthalmoscope for 30 seconds. The effect of laterality (right eye vs left eye) and age in PSRT was evaluated using only the controls. The effect of pathologies in PSRT was evaluated comparing statistically, within each age group (43-54 years, 55-64 years and 65-74 years), patients and controls. For each age group were only considered pathologies over 6 patients. Results: The relationship (linear regression) between age and PSRT was statistically significant (ρ<0.02). For the three age groups of controls, no statistically significant differences were found between the right and the left eyes (ρ>0.05). In the age group 43-54, the controls and diabetes were statistically significant different (ρ=0.012). In the age group 55-64, comparing controls, diabetes and POAG there were no statistically significant differences (ρ=0.182), as well as in the age group 65-74, when controls, diabetes and cataracts were compared (ρ=0.107). Conclusions: The PSRT increases with age. In the youngest age group (43-54 years) diabetes had a recovery time lower than the control group

Tracing Back the History of Pepper (Capsicum annuum) in the Iberian Peninsula from a Phenomics Point of View

[Abstract] The Iberian Peninsula was the place where pepper (Capsicum annuum) entered Europe and dispersed to other continents but was also an important secondary center for its diversification. The current work evaluated the phenotypic diversity existing in this region and investigated how that evolved from Capsicum native areas (Mexico and Andean Region). For that purpose, the high-throughput phenotyping tool Tomato Analyzer was employed. Descriptors related to size and shape were the most distinctive among fruit types, reflecting a broad diversity for Iberian peppers. These traits likely reflected those suffering from more intensive human selections, driving the worldwide expansion of C. annuum. Iberian peppers maintained close proximity to the American accessions in terms of fruit phenomics. The highest similarities were observed for those coming from the southeastern edge of the Peninsula, while northwestern accessions displayed more significant differences. Common fruit traits (small, conical) suggested that Portuguese and Spanish landraces may have arisen from an ancient American population that entered the south of Spain and promptly migrated to the central and northern territories, giving rise to larger, elongated, and blocky pods. Such lineages would be the result of adaptations to local soil–climate factors prevailing in different biogeographic provinces.This research was funded by the Spanish Institute for Agricultural and Food Research and Technology (INIA), co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund (FEDER) (Project RTA2015-00042-C02-02), and by the Xunta de Galicia (Project ED431C 2018/57)Xunta de Galicia; ED431C 2018/5

Delinquência juvenil: das roturas dos sistemas de autoridade à disfunção social

The term juvenile delinquency refers to behaviors or situations considered as normative violation or transgression of youth. The dynamic and sovereignty of the social ties potentiate the integration and the action of both internal and external control. This case study focus on a 22 years old male recluse. Our objective was to understand his developmental course and which were the causes that led him to prison as a way of avoiding or minimizing the severe consequences in the life’s of other children that grow up in a context of adversities. With this qualitative study we didn´t intend to find explanations or general conclusions, although we can presuppose relations of cause-effect. We used interview and the adapted questionnaire Youth Self-Report (YSR) - Questionário de Autoavaliação para Jovens (Achenbach, 1991; Portuguese version de Fonseca et al, 1999). We conclude that the increased risk in which this offender lived is associated with his entire life course, we may also point out the absence and lack of experiences and stimulation during the first years of life (i. e. the attachment with the mother, the family stricter) and he might have developed cognitive, social and adaptative deficits.O termo delinquência juvenil, referido num contexto de complexas sequelas sociais, reporta-se aos comportamentos ou conjunturas ponderadas como violação normativa ou de transgressão, da população juvenil. A dinâmica e a soberania dos laços sociais potenciam a integração e a acção dos controlos internos e externos. Este estudo de caso tem como protagonista um recluso do sexo masculino, com 22 anos de idade, que se desenvolveu e se incrementou num trilho de delinquência. Quisemos perceber o seu percurso desenvolvimental, o que esteve na origem deste desfecho, no sentido de evitar ou minimizar consequências severas na vida de outras crianças que crescem em condições de adversidade. Não foi nossa intenção encontrar explicações ou conclusões generalistas, embora se pressupõe relações de causa-efeito. Utilizamos como instrumentos de avaliação a técnica da entrevista, e o questionário adaptado do modelo Youth Self-Report (YSR), Questionário de Autoavaliação para Jovens (Achenbach, 1991; versão portuguesa de Fonseca et al, 1999). Concluímos que todo o percurso de vida deste delinquente, se incrementou associado ao risco, à ausência ou limitação de experiências e falta de estimulação durante os primeiros anos de vida (i.e., o vínculo com a mãe, estrutura familiar), podendo ter desenvolvido défices cognitivos, sociais e adaptativos

O sindicalismo português entre 1933 e 1974:orientações políticas e estratégicas do Partido Comunista Português para a luta sindical

Tese de doutoramento, História (História Contemporânea), Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Letras, 2012O Sindicalismo português, na transição da Ditadura Militar para a plena institucionalização do Estado Novo, caracteriza-se por duas vertentes essenciais: a busca pela reorganização do tecido sindical, destruído por medidas governamentais de repressão e pela ilegalização das principais organizações sindicais, e por uma ampla discussão em torno de opções de carácter ideológico, orientadores da acção sindical. Esta transição provocará a ruptura nas organizações sindicais, colocando à margem da lei as suas principais estruturas, com recurso a métodos coercivos e punitivos, implacavelmente aplicados pela PVDE, sobre estas organizações e os seus principais dirigentes. A legislação laboral de 1933 rompe com o sindicalismo livre impondo sindicatos únicos de feição nacionalista, colaboracionistas, servis em relação aos interesses económicos nacionais e sustentados por uma negação dos princípios do internacionalismo, da pluralidade, da solidariedade e da liberdade de acção sindical que tinham caracterizado o sindicalismo português. O Estado Novo destrói, com recurso a acções de extrema violência, a liberdade sindical e o que restava de sindicalismo livre de cariz operário, diabolizando estas organizações, bem como os dirigentes e as ideologias que os sustentavam. Esta ruptura na evolução do movimento sindical português leva-nos ao lado negro da luta sindical, a clandestinidade. O PCP clandestino organiza a luta impondo aos seus dirigentes e militantes um código de silêncio conspirativo. A luta sindical coloca em risco, militantes e dirigentes sindicais comunistas pelas consequências que advêm da luta. A prisão, os interrogatórios, a perda de direitos, a deportação e quantas vezes a morte em vida são o preço a pagar pela luta sindical. A clandestinidade marca a existência destes dirigentes. A aparente abertura do regime após a II Grande Guerra e a convocação de eleições permitiu a formação de organizações de oposição como o MUD e o MUDJ. No entanto a realidade demonstrou a burla com que Salazar pretendia mascarar o regime. As condições impostas a dirigentes e militantes comunistas são de tal forma rigorosas que muitos abandonam o país para só regressarem após a revolução de 25 de Abril de 1974.La transition de la dictature militaire vers la pleine institutionnalisation de l’Etat nouveau, se caractérise, dans le syndicalisme portugais, par deux tenants essentiels : la recherche d’une réorganisation du tissu syndical, détruit par les mesures gouvernementales de répression et d’interdiction des principales organisations syndicales, et une large discussion autour des options à caractère idéologique orientant l’action syndicale. Cette transition va provoquer la rupture dans les organisations syndicales, mettant hors de la loi leurs principales structures, en ayant recours à des méthodes coercitives et punitives, implacablement appliquées par la PVDE, à l’encontre de ces organisations et de leurs dirigeants. La législation du travail de 1933 rompt avec le syndicalisme libre en imposant des syndicats uniques, de faction nationaliste, collaborationnistes, serviles par rapport aux intérêts économiques nationaux et soutenus par la négation des principes de l’internationalisme, de pluralité, de solidarité et de liberté de l’action syndical, qui caractérisent le syndicalisme portugais. L’Etat nouveau détruit, avec recours à des actions d’une extrême violence, la liberté syndicale et ce qui restait de syndicalisme libre de connotation ouvrière, diabolisant ses organisations, comme ses dirigeants et les idéologies qui les supportaient. Cette rupture dans l’évolution du mouvement syndical nous emmène au côté noir de la lutte syndicale, la clandestinité. Le PCP clandestin organise la lutte en imposant à ses dirigeants et à ses adhérents un code de silence conspirateur. La lutte syndicale met en risque, militants et dirigeants communistes, par les conséquences advenant de la lutte. La prison, les interrogatoires, la perte de droits, la déportation et combien de fois la mort en vie, sont les prix à payer pour la lutte syndicale. La clandestinité marque l’existence de ces dirigeants. L’apparente ouverture du régime après la deuxième Grande Guerre et la convocation d’élections a permis la formation d’organisations d’opposition comme le MUD et le MUDJ. Cependant la réalité a révélé la tromperie avec laquelle Salazar voulait masquer le régime. Les conditions imposées aux dirigeants et militants communistes sont si rigoureuses, que nombreux sont ceux qui abandonnent le pays, pour ne revenir qu’après la révolution du 25 avril 1974

ANGULAR KINEMATICS AND JOINT MOMENTS ANALYSIS IN LOWER LIMB AND PELVIS DURING GAIT IN SAGITTAL PLANE IN PREGNANT WOMEN

This study compared sagittal plane lower limb range of motion (ROM) and joint moments of force (Mf) during gait in pregnant (second trimester) and non-pregnant women. Kinematic data were collected with an optoelectronic motion capture system (Qualysis, Ocqus 300) synchronized with two force platforms (Kistler AG, Winterthur, Switzerland) which collected ground reaction force values. The study revealed that the gait pattern in the second trimester of pregnancy is similar to the non-pregnant women pattern, in what concerns to the variables studied. Lower dorsiflexion and higher plantar flexion angles in the ankle joint in pregnant women, and higher values of hip flexion for the same group, were observed. With respect to the joint moments of force, there were higher knee flexor and hip extensor peak moments in pregnant women

Using object detection technology to identify defects in clothing for blind people

Blind people often encounter challenges in managing their clothing, specifically in identifying defects such as stains or holes. With the progress of the computer vision field, it is crucial to minimize these limitations as much as possible to assist blind people with selecting appropriate clothing. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to use object detection technology to categorize and detect stains on garments. The defect detection system proposed in this study relies on the You Only Look Once (YOLO) architecture, which is a single-stage object detector that is well-suited for automated inspection tasks. The authors collected a dataset of clothing with defects and used it to train and evaluate the proposed system. The methodology used for the optimization of the defect detection system was based on three main components: (i) increasing the dataset with new defects, illumination conditions, and backgrounds, (ii) introducing data augmentation, and (iii) introducing defect classification. The authors compared and evaluated three different YOLOv5 models. The results of this study demonstrate that the proposed approach is effective and suitable for different challenging defect detection conditions, showing high average precision (AP) values, and paving the way for a mobile application to be accessible for the blind community.This work has been supported by national funds through FCT—Fundacão para a Ciência e Tecnologia, within the Projects Scope: UIDB/00319/2020, UIDB/05549/2020, UIDP/05549/2020, UIDP/04077/2020, and UIDB/04077/2020

Surveillance and control of the yarn input tension on circular weft knitting machines : new approaches

The Yarn Input Tension - YIT is one of the most important parameters in weft knitting industry. This parameter must be maintained between limits in order to produce knitted fabric without faults. However, YIT is not the only parameter to control and monitor for preventing faults. The knitting elements and the knitting machine itself should be monitored to improve productivity and quality. The monitoring of the YIT can be used to detect the faults and at the same time controlled inside tight limits to prevent machine’s premature stop due to yarn break . This paper will present the recent developments made for monitoring and control the YIT. A surveillance system will be presented, a low cost force sensor will be suggested to substitute the present industrial solutions, and a new actuator for control of the YIT will be introduced.FCT - Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia POSI/SRI/39824/200

A system for knitting process monitoring and fault detection on weft circular knitting machines

From the production manager point of view, the knowledge of how well a knitting machine is working during production is very important. This information allows the manager to schedule all plans and also to know the overall production level of a manufacturing plant. For this purpose there are many system information packages. One of the most important items for production is the number of faults occurred while producing a fabric, since it directly influences productivity. With this subject in mind, this paper presents a system with a special emphasis on surveillance of the knitting process in order to detect, identify and locate faults during production, by monitoring the yarn input tension. The system also provides the user with a valuable set of information related with production. Finally, the paper presents some of the techniques used to detect the faults.Fundação para Ciência e Tecnologia (FCT) project POSI/SRI/39824/200

Using multivariate statistics on detection of particular signals during production of knitwear

This paper reports the recent developments in the pursuit to correctly locate, identify and distinguish faults during production of weft knitted fabrics. For this purpose a major textile parameter – yarn input tension (YIT) - is analyzed by means of signal processing techniques. An overview of the entire process of gathering the information and fault detection is presented. For the purpose of distinguishing faults, Multivariate statistical methods, namely cluster and discriminant analysis are used, results presented and discussed. Finally, some conclusions are drawn from the obtained results and future developments are addressed.Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT) - project POSI/SRI/39824/2001

Knitting process surveillance using time and frequency analysis

This paper will present and discuss the two major techniques used when inspecting an important parameter of the weft knitting industry: yarn input tension. The two techniques are frequency and time analysis. In this paper, the major features of each technique will be discussed and some examples will be presented.Fundadação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT