5 research outputs found

    Decoloraci贸 de tints t猫xtils mitjan莽ant part铆cules met脿l路liques de mangan猫s - alumini

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    Aquest 铆tem cont茅 el treball original, defensat p煤blicament amb data juny de 2017, aix铆 com una versi贸 millorada del mateix amb data de juliol de 2017. Els canvis introdu茂ts a la segona versi贸 s贸n 1) correcci贸 d'errades 2) procediment del darrer annex.Abstract Background - Dye pollution of water outflows in the textile industry has a huge negative impact on the ecosystem with significant toxic effects. Water discoloring through the use of metallic particles (PM) constitutes a low-cost method that shows high efficiency. Objectives - This research analyzed the efficacy and characteristics of PM-mediated water discoloring for different dyes that have an "azo" chemical bound as chromophore group. Discoloration was done using PM made of Manganese (Mn) and Aluminum (Al) Design and methodology - Study I analyzed efficacy of the PM-mediated degradation of Orange II dye using two alloys with different proportion of Mn and Al: Mn50Al50 and Mn70Al30. The kinetics of the degradation was assessed using a spectrophotometer. Changes in the solvent (water) produced by PM are analyzed with: i) High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), ii) Mass Spectrometry (MS); and, iii) Atomic Absorption flame spectrometry (AA). Changes in the characteristics of the PM were also studied through Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX). Study II analyzed the kinetics of the degradation of both Acid Black 58 and Orange G dyes using Mn70Al30 particles. Methodological aspects were similar to those used in Study I. Results and discussion - Mn70Al30 showed higher efficacy and reproducibility discoloring Orange II than the alternative intervention (Mn50Al50). These results may be explained by the effect of passivation of the Al surface. The analysis of the solvent after the intervention identified several intermediary components and two amines, as well as liberation of Mn ions. Examination of PM identified dye in the PM surface and oxygenation of AI. Study II showed efficacy of the intervention on Acid Black 58 dye, but only partial discoloration was observed in the solution with Orange G. The SEM-EDX analysis showed big corrosion and adsorption of the colorant in the surface of PM used for discoloration of Acid Black 58. Conclusions - 1) Study I confirms previous data regarding efficacy of PM for discoloring water solutions containing Orange II as solute; 2) We observed enhanced discoloration with the Mn70Al30 alloy as compared with the alternative intervention; 3) The discoloration mechanism of Orange II seems clearly related with cleavage of the azo bound; 4) We showed efficacy of Acid Black 58 discoloration, but it was only partially seen for Orange G; and, finally, 5) The discoloration mechanisms of Acid Black 58 seem only partially related with cleavage of the azo bound.Resum Context - La contaminaci贸 dels efluents d'aigua de la ind煤stria t猫xtil 茅s un problema que presenta un notable impacte negatiu en l'ecosistema amb efectes significatius tamb茅 pel que fa a toxicitat. El m猫tode de les part铆cules met脿l路liques (PM) 茅s una tecnologia que ha demostrat 茅sser cost-eficient per degradar compostos org脿nics com els tints. Objectius - En aquest treball s'analitza l'efic脿cia i caracter铆stiques de la decoloraci贸 d'aigua com a solvent de diferents tints t猫xtils, amb un enlla莽 azo com a grup crom貌for, utilitzant part铆cules d'aliatge mangan猫s (Mn)-alumini (Al). Disseny i m猫todes - L'Estudi I, analitza l'efic脿cia de la degradaci贸 del colorant Orange II amb PM comparant dos aliatges amb proporcions diferents de Mn i Al: Mn50Al50 i Mn70Al30. S'estudia la cin猫tica de degradaci贸 amb l'espectrofot貌metre. S'analitzen els canvis en el solvent produ茂ts per les PM utilitzant: i) Cromatografia l铆quida d'alta resoluci贸 (HPLC), ii) Espectrometria de Masses (MS); i, iii) Espectrosc貌pia d'absorci贸 at貌mica de flama (AA). Tamb茅, s'estudien els canvis en les PM amb microsc貌pia electr貌nica d'escombrat i sistema de microan脿lisi per raig X (SEM-EDX). L'Estudi II analitza la cin猫tica de la degradaci贸 dels colorants 脌cid Black 58 i Orange G amb les part铆cules Mn70Al30. Utilitzant la mateixa metodologia emprada en l'Estudi I. Resultats i discussi贸 - L'aliatge Mn70Al30 genera resultats m茅s eficients i amb m茅s reproductibilitat que els assolits amb Mn50Al50, probablement degut a l'efecte de passivaci贸 de l'Al. L'an脿lisi del solvent despr茅s de la intervenci贸 identifica components intermedis i dos amines, aix铆 com alliberament del i贸 Mn. L'estudi de les PM identifica colorant en la seva superf铆cie i oxigenaci贸 d'Al. L'estudi II demostra efic脿cia de la intervenci贸 pel que fa l'脌cid Black 58, per貌 nomes un efecte decolorant parcial en l'Orange G. L'an脿lisi SEM-EDX demostra una forta corrosi贸 a la superf铆cie de les part铆cules emparades per a decolorar l'脌cid Black 58, junt amb adsorci贸 del colorant. Conclusions - 1) L'estudi I confirma dades pr猫vies sobre l'efic脿cia de les PM pel tractament d'aigua que cont茅 Orange II com a solut; 2) Demostra una millor cin猫tica, i menys variabilitat de la decoloraci贸 obtinguda amb l'aliatge Mn70Al30, en relaci贸 a la intervenci贸 alternativa; 3) El mecanisme de decoloraci贸 de l'Orange II est脿 clarament relacionat amb el trencament de l'enlla莽 azo; 4) La intervenci贸 ha estat efica莽 per l'脌cid Black 58, per貌 nomes molt parcialment per l'Orange G; i, finalment, 5) els mecanismes de decoloraci贸 de l'脌cid Black 58 nom茅s han estan parcialment relacionats amb el trencament de l'enlla莽 azo.Resumen Contexto - La contaminaci贸n del agua efluente de la industria textil es un problema relevante con notable impacto negativo en el ecosistema y con efectos t贸xicos significativos. El m茅todo de part铆culas met谩licas (PM) es una tecnolog铆a que ha demostrado ser coste-eficiente para degradar compuestos org谩nicos como los tintes. Objetivos - La investigaci贸n analiza la eficacia y las caracter铆sticas de la decoloraci贸n del agua como a solvente de diferentes tintes textiles que tienen enlace azo como grupo crom贸foro. Para ello, se utilizan PM con una aleaci贸n manganeso (Mn) y Aluminio (Al). Dise帽o y m茅todo - El estudio I analiza la eficacia de la degradaci贸n del colorante Orange II comparando dos aleaciones con proporciones diferentes de Mn i Al: Mn50Al50 y Mn70Al30. Se estudia la cin茅tica de la degradaci贸n con el espectrofot贸metro. Se analizan los cambios en el solvente producidos por las PM utilizando: i) Cromatograf铆a l铆quida de alta resoluci贸n (HPLC), ii) Espectrometr铆a de Masas (MS); y, iii) Espectroscopia de absorci贸n at贸mica de llama (AA). Tambi茅n, se estudian los cambios en las PM con microscop铆a electr贸nica de barrido y sistema de microan谩lisis por rayos X (SEM-EDX). El Estudio II analiza la cin茅tica de la degradaci贸n de los colorantes Acido Black 58 y Orange G con las part铆culas Mn70Al30. Para ello, se utiliza la misma metodolog铆a del Estudio I. Resultados y discusi贸n - La aleaci贸n Mn70Al30 genera resultados m谩s eficientes y con m谩s reproducibilidad que los conseguidos con Mn50Al50, probablemente debido al efecto de pasivaci贸n del Al. El an谩lisis del solvente despu茅s de la intervenci贸n identifica componentes intermedios y dos aminas, as铆 como la liberaci贸n de i贸n Mn. El estudio de las PM identifica colorante en su superficie y oxigenaci贸n del Al. El estudio II demuestra eficacia de la intervenci贸n con el Acido Black 58, pero 煤nicamente un efecto parcial en el Orange G. El an谩lisis SEM-EDX demuestra una fuerte corrosi贸n en la superficie de las PM, junto con la adsorci贸n del colorante en la superficie de las mismas. Conclusiones - 1) El estudio I confirma datos previos sobre la eficacia de las PM para la decoloraci贸n del Orange II; 2) Demuestra una mejor cin茅tica, y menor variabilidad de resultados, con la aleaci贸n Mn70Al30, en relaci贸n con la intervenci贸n alternativa; 3) El mecanismo de decoloraci贸n del Orange II est谩 claramente relacionado con la rotura del enlace azo; 4) La intervenci贸n ha sido eficaz por el Acido Black 58, pero solo parcialmente para Orange G; y finalmente 5) Los mecanismos de decoloraci贸n del Acido Black 58 s贸lo se explican de forma parcial por rotura del enlace azo

    Application of mechanically alloyed MnAl particles to de-colorization of azo dyes

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    The use of metallic particles has been shown to be an effective, low-cost method for degradation of many contaminating compounds. In this work, we analyze the efficiency of MnAl metallic powders for degrading azo dyes, which are the class of colorant compounds most utilized by the textile industry. We used different routes to produce the metallic particles obtaining different internal structures as characterized by X-ray diffraction and electronic microscopy. The ability to act as discoloration materials was assessed by decolorization experiments of Reactive Black 5 and Orange II azo dyes aqueous solutions. The degradation reaction of the dye molecules was monitored by ultraviolet鈥搗isible (UV) spectrophotometry showing fast kinetics, with reaction times among the shortest found in literature. The effect of the different production methods on their performance as decolorizing materials was studied as function as various parameters such as initial pH, dye concentration and temperature. The electrochemical and corrosion properties of the MnAl compounds seem to be the key factors explaining the high decolorization efficiency of these materials.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

    Does temperature affect sex ratio in zebrafish (Danio rerio)?

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    Trabajo presentado por Helena Roca Bisbe para la obtenci贸n de un grado, realizado bajo la direcci贸n de la Dra. Laia Ribas y del Dr. Francesc Piferrer del Institut de Ci猫ncies del Mar (ICM-CSIC).-- 12 pages, 4 figures, 1 table, appendixesThe experimental design and the execution of the study was carried out in the ZAE (Experimental Aquarium and Chamber Facility) of the Sciences Marine Institute of Barcelona (ICM), where in the student collaborated to complete anexperiment carried out in the Biology Reproduction Group (GBR) during the summer period, starting at the end of June until early September 2016. The experimental study carried out in zebrafish(Danio rerio)aimed to analyzeand compare thesurvival, growth andsex ratiodifferences between two thermal treatments. Fish were subjected either at 28潞C (low temperature, LT) or at 36潞C (high temperature, HT), during the period of 18 to 32 days postfertilization (dpf). The student provided support to assess the thermosensitive period studies of eight pairs, and she also contributed in the sampling of one pair (pair A) at 90 dpf. The results showed that the survival and growth rates were similar in the two groups of temperature for all eight pairsanalyzed. Sex ratio results showed that the tanks in HT of the pairA showed a high significant rate of masculinization (100%) (P<0.01). It is expected that the HT regime during the gonad differentiation period will likely generate a significant masculinization in the zebrafish population once fish became adult. Moreover, the student concludes that the period spent at ICM has been very useful to be familiar with experimental research in Biolog

    Decoloraci贸 de tints t猫xtils mitjan莽ant part铆cules met脿l路liques de mangan猫s - alumini

    No full text
    Aquest 铆tem cont茅 el treball original, defensat p煤blicament amb data juny de 2017, aix铆 com una versi贸 millorada del mateix amb data de juliol de 2017. Els canvis introdu茂ts a la segona versi贸 s贸n 1) correcci贸 d'errades 2) procediment del darrer annex.Abstract Background - Dye pollution of water outflows in the textile industry has a huge negative impact on the ecosystem with significant toxic effects. Water discoloring through the use of metallic particles (PM) constitutes a low-cost method that shows high efficiency. Objectives - This research analyzed the efficacy and characteristics of PM-mediated water discoloring for different dyes that have an "azo" chemical bound as chromophore group. Discoloration was done using PM made of Manganese (Mn) and Aluminum (Al) Design and methodology - Study I analyzed efficacy of the PM-mediated degradation of Orange II dye using two alloys with different proportion of Mn and Al: Mn50Al50 and Mn70Al30. The kinetics of the degradation was assessed using a spectrophotometer. Changes in the solvent (water) produced by PM are analyzed with: i) High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), ii) Mass Spectrometry (MS); and, iii) Atomic Absorption flame spectrometry (AA). Changes in the characteristics of the PM were also studied through Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX). Study II analyzed the kinetics of the degradation of both Acid Black 58 and Orange G dyes using Mn70Al30 particles. Methodological aspects were similar to those used in Study I. Results and discussion - Mn70Al30 showed higher efficacy and reproducibility discoloring Orange II than the alternative intervention (Mn50Al50). These results may be explained by the effect of passivation of the Al surface. The analysis of the solvent after the intervention identified several intermediary components and two amines, as well as liberation of Mn ions. Examination of PM identified dye in the PM surface and oxygenation of AI. Study II showed efficacy of the intervention on Acid Black 58 dye, but only partial discoloration was observed in the solution with Orange G. The SEM-EDX analysis showed big corrosion and adsorption of the colorant in the surface of PM used for discoloration of Acid Black 58. Conclusions - 1) Study I confirms previous data regarding efficacy of PM for discoloring water solutions containing Orange II as solute; 2) We observed enhanced discoloration with the Mn70Al30 alloy as compared with the alternative intervention; 3) The discoloration mechanism of Orange II seems clearly related with cleavage of the azo bound; 4) We showed efficacy of Acid Black 58 discoloration, but it was only partially seen for Orange G; and, finally, 5) The discoloration mechanisms of Acid Black 58 seem only partially related with cleavage of the azo bound.Resum Context - La contaminaci贸 dels efluents d'aigua de la ind煤stria t猫xtil 茅s un problema que presenta un notable impacte negatiu en l'ecosistema amb efectes significatius tamb茅 pel que fa a toxicitat. El m猫tode de les part铆cules met脿l路liques (PM) 茅s una tecnologia que ha demostrat 茅sser cost-eficient per degradar compostos org脿nics com els tints. Objectius - En aquest treball s'analitza l'efic脿cia i caracter铆stiques de la decoloraci贸 d'aigua com a solvent de diferents tints t猫xtils, amb un enlla莽 azo com a grup crom貌for, utilitzant part铆cules d'aliatge mangan猫s (Mn)-alumini (Al). Disseny i m猫todes - L'Estudi I, analitza l'efic脿cia de la degradaci贸 del colorant Orange II amb PM comparant dos aliatges amb proporcions diferents de Mn i Al: Mn50Al50 i Mn70Al30. S'estudia la cin猫tica de degradaci贸 amb l'espectrofot貌metre. S'analitzen els canvis en el solvent produ茂ts per les PM utilitzant: i) Cromatografia l铆quida d'alta resoluci贸 (HPLC), ii) Espectrometria de Masses (MS); i, iii) Espectrosc貌pia d'absorci贸 at貌mica de flama (AA). Tamb茅, s'estudien els canvis en les PM amb microsc貌pia electr貌nica d'escombrat i sistema de microan脿lisi per raig X (SEM-EDX). L'Estudi II analitza la cin猫tica de la degradaci贸 dels colorants 脌cid Black 58 i Orange G amb les part铆cules Mn70Al30. Utilitzant la mateixa metodologia emprada en l'Estudi I. Resultats i discussi贸 - L'aliatge Mn70Al30 genera resultats m茅s eficients i amb m茅s reproductibilitat que els assolits amb Mn50Al50, probablement degut a l'efecte de passivaci贸 de l'Al. L'an脿lisi del solvent despr茅s de la intervenci贸 identifica components intermedis i dos amines, aix铆 com alliberament del i贸 Mn. L'estudi de les PM identifica colorant en la seva superf铆cie i oxigenaci贸 d'Al. L'estudi II demostra efic脿cia de la intervenci贸 pel que fa l'脌cid Black 58, per貌 nomes un efecte decolorant parcial en l'Orange G. L'an脿lisi SEM-EDX demostra una forta corrosi贸 a la superf铆cie de les part铆cules emparades per a decolorar l'脌cid Black 58, junt amb adsorci贸 del colorant. Conclusions - 1) L'estudi I confirma dades pr猫vies sobre l'efic脿cia de les PM pel tractament d'aigua que cont茅 Orange II com a solut; 2) Demostra una millor cin猫tica, i menys variabilitat de la decoloraci贸 obtinguda amb l'aliatge Mn70Al30, en relaci贸 a la intervenci贸 alternativa; 3) El mecanisme de decoloraci贸 de l'Orange II est脿 clarament relacionat amb el trencament de l'enlla莽 azo; 4) La intervenci贸 ha estat efica莽 per l'脌cid Black 58, per貌 nomes molt parcialment per l'Orange G; i, finalment, 5) els mecanismes de decoloraci贸 de l'脌cid Black 58 nom茅s han estan parcialment relacionats amb el trencament de l'enlla莽 azo.Resumen Contexto - La contaminaci贸n del agua efluente de la industria textil es un problema relevante con notable impacto negativo en el ecosistema y con efectos t贸xicos significativos. El m茅todo de part铆culas met谩licas (PM) es una tecnolog铆a que ha demostrado ser coste-eficiente para degradar compuestos org谩nicos como los tintes. Objetivos - La investigaci贸n analiza la eficacia y las caracter铆sticas de la decoloraci贸n del agua como a solvente de diferentes tintes textiles que tienen enlace azo como grupo crom贸foro. Para ello, se utilizan PM con una aleaci贸n manganeso (Mn) y Aluminio (Al). Dise帽o y m茅todo - El estudio I analiza la eficacia de la degradaci贸n del colorante Orange II comparando dos aleaciones con proporciones diferentes de Mn i Al: Mn50Al50 y Mn70Al30. Se estudia la cin茅tica de la degradaci贸n con el espectrofot贸metro. Se analizan los cambios en el solvente producidos por las PM utilizando: i) Cromatograf铆a l铆quida de alta resoluci贸n (HPLC), ii) Espectrometr铆a de Masas (MS); y, iii) Espectroscopia de absorci贸n at贸mica de llama (AA). Tambi茅n, se estudian los cambios en las PM con microscop铆a electr贸nica de barrido y sistema de microan谩lisis por rayos X (SEM-EDX). El Estudio II analiza la cin茅tica de la degradaci贸n de los colorantes Acido Black 58 y Orange G con las part铆culas Mn70Al30. Para ello, se utiliza la misma metodolog铆a del Estudio I. Resultados y discusi贸n - La aleaci贸n Mn70Al30 genera resultados m谩s eficientes y con m谩s reproducibilidad que los conseguidos con Mn50Al50, probablemente debido al efecto de pasivaci贸n del Al. El an谩lisis del solvente despu茅s de la intervenci贸n identifica componentes intermedios y dos aminas, as铆 como la liberaci贸n de i贸n Mn. El estudio de las PM identifica colorante en su superficie y oxigenaci贸n del Al. El estudio II demuestra eficacia de la intervenci贸n con el Acido Black 58, pero 煤nicamente un efecto parcial en el Orange G. El an谩lisis SEM-EDX demuestra una fuerte corrosi贸n en la superficie de las PM, junto con la adsorci贸n del colorante en la superficie de las mismas. Conclusiones - 1) El estudio I confirma datos previos sobre la eficacia de las PM para la decoloraci贸n del Orange II; 2) Demuestra una mejor cin茅tica, y menor variabilidad de resultados, con la aleaci贸n Mn70Al30, en relaci贸n con la intervenci贸n alternativa; 3) El mecanismo de decoloraci贸n del Orange II est谩 claramente relacionado con la rotura del enlace azo; 4) La intervenci贸n ha sido eficaz por el Acido Black 58, pero solo parcialmente para Orange G; y finalmente 5) Los mecanismos de decoloraci贸n del Acido Black 58 s贸lo se explican de forma parcial por rotura del enlace azo

    Azo-dye degradation by Mn鈥揂l powders

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    Manganese鈥揂luminum powders were recently reported to show high efficiency and fast reaction rates as decolorization materials for azo-dye aqueous solutions. This work presents a detailed study of different aspects of this material. Firstly, the influence of the crystalline phase and the microstructure was studied by comparing the efficiency of powders obtained by different production protocols. Secondly, the decolorization efficiency was investigated on various types of dyes, including real textile wastewater samples. The analysis of the treated water and the particles showed that the main reaction mechanism was the breaking of the azo-dye molecules, although important adsorption on the metallic surface was observed for some colorants. Finally, the reusability of the particles and the reduction of toxicity achieved during the treatments were assessed. The simple production and application methods, the high efficiency and the use of environmentally friendly metallic elements are the main advantages of Manganese鈥揂luminum powders compared to other high-efficient decolorizing metallic materials.Postprint (author's final draft
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