Factores socio economicos y desnutrición de niños menores de cinco años, puesto de salud pisonaypata, Apurimac, 2017

La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo evaluar la relación que existe entre los factores socioeconómicos y la desnutrición de niños menores de cinco años atendidos en el puesto de salud de Pisonaypata Apurímac en el 2017. El método que se utilizó fue descriptivo puesto que describe las variables observadas en la realidad, el diseño de la investigación fue correlacional de corte transversal, de tipo cuantitativa.This research aimed to evaluate the relationship between socioeconomic factors and the malnutrition of children under five years attended at the Pisonaypata Apurímac health post in 2017. The method used was descriptive since it describes the variables observed in reality; the research design was correlational cross-section of quantitative type

Gastropods as intermediate hosts of angiostrongylus spp: In the americas. Bioecological characteristics and geographical distribution

BACKGROUND Intermediate hosts are key organisms in maintaining parasite life cycles, because they can act as amplifiers in the transmission from natural reservoirs to humans. One of the most important groups of intermediate hosts for zoonotic nematode infections are gastropods,slugs and snails. These are essential organisms in the larval development of Angiostrongylus species. OBJECTIVES The objective of this paper is to review reports of Angiostrongylus spp. in naturally infected gastropods from the Americas, taking into account the diagnostic methods used in their identification, to be able to provide more accurate list of their intermediate hosts. We also discuss the factors that aid the dispersion of Angiostrongylus spp. in the Americas. METHODS This study reviews scientific publications and book sections on Angiostrongylus spp. in the Americas, including original works assessing larvae of Angiostrongylus in intermediate hosts. The eligible reports were classified accordingly to their geographical location, year of first record, and the larvae identification methodologies used. Digital repositories were used for the search. The bioecological characteristics of the main intermediate hosts are summarised. FINDINGS A total of 29 gastropod species that are naturally infected with Angiostrongylus spp. have been reported as intermediate hosts, 16 of which are land snails, two are freshwater snails, and 11 land slugs. MAIN CONCLUSIONS This study highlights the importance of integrative studies, analysing both the etiological agent and its transmission dynamic in the environment, the biological and ecological characteristics of the hosts, and the impact on host populations. It is necessary to increase interdisciplinary studies to determine the potential epidemiological health risk of angiostrongyliasis in the Americas, and thus be able to establish prevention, monitoring and contingency strategies in the region.Fil: Valente, Romina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores; ArgentinaFil: Robles, Maria del Rosario. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores; ArgentinaFil: Diaz, Julia Inés. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores; Argentin

Determinants of trading activity after rating actions in the Corporate Debt Market

The influence of rating announcements on corporate debt market trading has been previously overlooked. Based on an event study, we examine the effects of the three types of announcements provided by credit rating agencies on abnormal trading volume and trading frequency in the Spanish corporate debt market. Additionally, by means of cross-section regressions, we establish what factors determine the sign and intensity of the trading reactions. The presented results indicate that factors related to the characteristics of the rating announcement, the issuing company and the economic environment are relevant in light of several hypotheses.Rating agencies, Rating announcementes, Trading volume, Trading frequency

Credit Rating Announcements, Trading Activity and Yield Spreads: The Spanish Evidence

We test whether or not different rating announcements contain pricing-relevant information and modify trading activity patterns in the Spanish commercial paper and corporate bond markets. We observe a statistically significant widening of yield spreads in both segments of the corporate debt market after reviews of downgrades and negative outlook reports. In addition, we find that certain rating announcements encourage trading activity even when the information is not pricing-relevant. The release of information arouses investor interest for the involved securities. Thus, trading frequency increases, although larger-sized transactions, which should denote possible portfolio rebalancing, are not observed. In the commercial paper note market, we also find that that trading volumes fade away after reviews for downgrade. Investors seem to prefer reducing the trading of these short-term securities to liquidating their positions.Credit rating agencies, Rating changes, Event study, Yields, Liquidity, Trading frequency, Corporate bond market, Commercial paper market.

Current Panorama of Dental Caries

The possibility of decreasing the risk of developing caries from the sort of diet is being tried consulting an internet database created by expert dentistsDental caries is a dynamical, multifactorial, commonly chronical process that affects one or several zones on the tooth surface. In 2012, WHO reported that 60-90% of the children and almost 100% of the adults in the world had dental caries. In Mexico, the System of Epidemiological Monitoring of Oral Pathologies (2015) reported that in a number of states, 93.2% of the population had dental caries. This review stresses that at present, additional to the classic factors involved in the etiology of dental caries, the participation of socioeconomic, educational, physiological factors as well genetic predisposition are considered; also, its association with systemic diseases, type 2 diabetes, for example, and with serum levels of iron and ferritin in children. Regarding diagnosis, the determination of serum iron level is considered, as well as the use of Diagnodent and digital infrared transilluminator. For the treatment of dental caries, antimicrobial photodynamical therapy, ozone therapy and peptide P11-4are proposed. Nowadays, in order to prevent caries in child population, the application of the Basic Research Factors Questionnaire (BRFQ) is proposed.COMECY

Propuesta de mejora del clima organizacional de la municipalidad provincial de Carhuaz, 2016

El presente trabajo de investigación responde a la necesidad de mejorar el clima organizacional de la Municipalidad Provincial de Carhuaz, debido a las actitudes y comportamientos desfavorables que muestran sus integrantes relacionados con la falta de liderazgo, desmotivación, falta de reciprocidad e irresponsabilidad; que originan dificultad en el logro de sus objetivos y metas propuestas. Por lo que la investigación tuvo como propósito elaborar una propuesta de mejora del clima organizacional de la municipalidad provincial de carhuaz, 2016.Para su desarrollo se utilizó el tipo de estudio descriptivo – propositivo y diseño no experimental, transversal y descriptivo simple. Se trabajó con un muestreo probabilístico aleatorio simple, la muestra estuvo conformada por 125 trabajadores, a quienes se les aplico el cuestionario “Clima Organizacional Municipal”. Para el análisis de datos se utilizó tablas de distribución normal, grafico de barras estadísticos descriptivos básicos. Los resultados determinaron que, el clima organizacional percibido por el 94 % de la población de estudio es poco satisfactorio. Así mismo las dimensiones del clima organizacional: Liderazgo, Motivación, Reciprocidad y Participación son percibidas de manera global como poco satisfactorio. Concluyendo que el nivel del clima organizacional percibido por los integrantes de la municipalidad provincial de Carhuaz, 2016, es poco satisfactorio; por lo que se justifica la propuesta de mejora