Redefining "Political Islam" in Indonesia: Nahdlatul Ulama and Khittah '26

Observers of Islam and Muslim politics in Indonesia over the past year could not fail to note the explosion of political parties bearing the banner of Islam as well as the reemergence of a discourse on a "political Islam" and the specter of an Islamic state that became a subject of anxiety among some and enthusiasm among others. This was hardly a new issue-Indonesians have struggled since even before the formation of their state to negotiate the relationship between Islam and the state. Indonesia's founding fathers, upon developing its Constitution, were mired in the debate over the role of Islam and the syari'ah in their new nation. This issue raised its head time and time again at key points during the Soekarno regime-as discussed below. Soeharto artificially muted the potential political role of Islam through enforcement of asas tunggal Pancasila and careful balancing of Islam with the military. Almost immediately after Soeharto fell, however, there was an explosion of political parties bearing the banner of Islam, and the discourse on the shape of the new Indonesian political system was dominated by the debate over the role of Islam.DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v7i2.70

The Fitness Consequences Of Multiple‐Locus Heterozygosity: The Relationship Between Heterozygosity And Growth Rate In Pitch Pine (Pinus Rigida Mill.)

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/137487/1/evo05853.pd

Bridging the Critical Chasm Between Service and Research: The Cancer Information Service’s Collaboratory

As a collaboratory for cancer communication and education research, the National Cancer Institute\u27s (NCIs) Cancer Information Service (CIS) is in an ideal position to bridge the critical chasm that exists between service and research. This article describes the CIS\u27 current research program as well as the CIS Research Agenda launched in 2005. The CIS\u27 progress in developing and supporting recently funded studies that address this agenda is detailed. The unique resources and opportunities available to researchers, public health practitioners, health care providers, and community-based organizations interested in developing collaborative cancer communication and cancer education studies with the CIS are identified and described and an invitation to collaborate is extended

Adult Education Faculty and Programs in North America: Faculty Background, Work, and Satisfaction

Through a textual analysis of websites of Adult Education Graduate Programs and a quantitative survey of North American Adult Education faculty, this study examined: background information about Adult Education faculty and programs; the nature of faculty work interests, motivations and satisfaction; and involvement with the Commission of Professors of Adult Education

China’s NGO Partnerships in a New Era of Development Cooperation

China’s 2021 White Paper, China’s International Development Cooperation in the New Era, offers a new vision for a more people-centred approach to its development cooperation. While the White Paper extensively discusses partnerships, it only briefly mentions encouraging cooperation with non-governmental organisations (NGOs). This article argues that NGO engagement in international development activities would improve their effectiveness, a view shared by many Chinese scholars and practitioners. However, challenges exist that constrain optimal engagement, especially access to funding, and a weak enabling environment and policy framework. This article addresses these challenges, drawing from the literature on ‘going out’ among Chinese NGOs and social organisations, along with interviews with key players in the Chinese NGO ecosystem. The article recommends, among other things, that the government clarify and improve its policy framework for NGOs/social organisations in support of China’s international development collaboration, especially regarding funding flows, personnel regulations, and material and capital outflows.Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Offic

Making Consortial Resource Sharing a Reality: ILLiad and Resource Sharing in the University System of Maryland and Affiliated Institutions Consortium of Libraries (http://usmai.umd.edu/)

A presentation at the OCLC ILLiad International Meeting, Virginia Beach, VA, USA, March 15, 2007The mission of the USMAI (University System of Maryland and Affiliated Institutions) consortium is to support effective access to library resources by providing and promoting a range of resource sharing services which support the objectives and maximize resources of the individual libraries of the member institutions. In 2005 and 2006, the USMAI undertook an initiative to enhance resource sharing by making ILLiad available consortium-wide at all 16 USMAI campuses. Building on eight existing ILLiad implementations within the consortium, the USMAI Resource Sharing Task Group worked in conjunction with the Information Technology Division of the University of Maryland, College Park Libraries to host, license and implement ILLiad for eight additional member sites. A panel of USMAI librarians and staff will present an overview of the project and what was learned from it, including a discussion of our vision for resource sharing, and how the combination of ILLiad, Odyssey and Aleph are being used to enable resource sharing between our campuses. Particular attention will be paid to authentication issues, ILLiad integration with other systems including SFX and openURL, the implementation and training model, and how support is being done for a consortium in which eight members have separate ILLiad installations and the balance are supported from a newer central site.Atlas Systems, Inc

Caenorhabditis elegans Maintains Highly Compartmentalized Cellular Distribution of Metals and Steep Concentration Gradients of Manganese

Bioinorganic chemistry is critical to cellular function. Homeostasis of manganese (Mn), for example, is essential for life. A lack of methods for direct in situ visualization of Mn and other biological metals within intact multicellular eukaryotes limits our understanding of management of these metals. We provide the first quantitative subcellular visualization of endogenous Mn concentrations (spanning two orders of magnitude) associated with individual cells of the nematode, Caenorhabditis elegans

The Transcriptional Network that Controls Growth Arrest and Macrophage Differentiation in the Human Myeloid Leukemia Cell Line THP-1

The response of the human acute myeloid leukemia cell line THP-1 to phorbol esters has been widely studied to test candidate leukemia therapies and as a model of cell cycle arrest and monocyte-macrophage differentiation. Here we have employed Cap Analysis of Gene Expression (CAGE) to analyze a dense time course of transcriptional regulation in THP-1 cells treated with phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) over 96 h. PMA treatment greatly reduced the numbers of cells entering S phase and also blocked cells exiting G2/M. The PMA-treated cells became adherent and expression of mature macrophage-specific genes increased progressively over the duration of the time course. Within 1–2 h PMA induced known targets of tumor protein p53 (TP53), notably CDKN1A, followed by gradual down-regulation of cell-cycle associated genes. Also within the first 2 h, PMA induced immediate early genes including transcription factor genes encoding proteins implicated in macrophage differentiation (EGR2, JUN, MAFB) and down-regulated genes for transcription factors involved in immature myeloid cell proliferation (MYB, IRF8, GFI1). The dense time course revealed that the response to PMA was not linear and progressive. Rather, network-based clustering of the time course data highlighted a sequential cascade of transient up- and down-regulated expression of genes encoding feedback regulators, as well as transcription factors associated with macrophage differentiation and their inferred target genes. CAGE also identified known and candidate novel enhancers expressed in THP-1 cells and many novel inducible genes that currently lack functional annotation and/or had no previously known function in macrophages. The time course is available on the ZENBU platform allowing comparison to FANTOM4 and FANTOM5 data