Question Asking During Procedural Learning: Strategies for Acquiring Knowledge in Several Domains

Questions asked during acquisition of a complex skill reflect the types of knowledge that learners require at different stages. Questions that learners ask themselves may serve to generate incomplete conceptual frames that can be used to guide explanation of future events. Question asking data collected from students learning to use a spread sheet program suggest that learners initially require knowledge about plans and the structure of the skill domain.Next they require knowledge about the structure of tasks that they will be performing. Finally they concentrate on plan refinement. Models of skill acquisition and explanation-based learning should incorporate mechanisms for monitoring levels of knowledge in several distinct domains and dynamically altering strategies for knowledge acquisition within these domains

A general method for phasing novel complex RNA crystal structures without heavy-atom derivatives

Using idealized known RNA secondary-structural fragments, it is demonstrated that it is possible to solve novel complex RNA structures without resort to heavy-atom phasing methods

HB 803 - Crimes and Offenses

The Act criminalizes the trafficking of elders, disabled adults, and residents for the purpose of appropriating their resources, such as Social Security and disability benefits. According to the Act, this conduct constitutes a felony and those convicted could serve up to twenty years in prison or receive a fine of up to $100,000, or both. The Act defines relevant terms, exempts physicians and other health care providers who act pursuant to lawful authorization, and repeals all conflicting laws

The Structural Basis of Ribozyme-Catalyzed RNA Assembly

Life originated, according to the RNA World hypothesis, from self-replicating ribozymes that catalyzed ligation of RNA fragments. We have solved the 2.6 angstrom crystal structure of a ligase ribozyme that catalyzes regiospecific formation of a 5' to 3' phosphodiester bond between the 5'-triphosphate and the 3'-hydroxyl termini of two RNA fragments. Invariant residues form tertiary contacts that stabilize a flexible stem of the ribozyme at the ligation site, where an essential magnesium ion coordinates three phosphates. The structure of the active site permits us to suggest how transition-state stabilization and a general base may catalyze the ligation reaction required for prebiotic RNA assembly

Design Teams as Change Agents: Diplomatic Design in the Open Data Movement

Designers and developers who want to participate in the open data movement should be more than technical experts; they should also be change agents. Realizing open data’s promise of innovation and entrepreneurialism requires the support of diverse stakeholders. Government agencies must release accessible and useful data; developers must use the data to build tools; and citizens must adopt the technology. The interests of one group may come at the expense of another. For this reason, we examine the usefulness of a diplomatic design approach, which focuses on the art and practice of conducting negotiations using specialized techniques. We conducted an exploratory case study on a national nonprofit fellowship program as it worked to design not only technology but also organizational and social change in the context of a digital government engagement

Characterizing Communication Networks Associated with Political Hashtags.

Among the diverse forms of communication and information networks found in the Web 2.0 environment, “social” and “informational” communication networks have been characterized in terms of their network metrics. Although Twitter is partly based on relationships between actors, activity has been shown to reflect characteristics of information networks. This study examines activity in Twitter within spaces defined by hashtags on political topics. We gathered our own data on a hashtag associated with the 2012 Hawaii senatorial race and compared our results to those from other political hashtag networks, and to typical social and information networks as well as random graphs. Results show that hashtag-centered reply and retweet networks in this domain do not fall clearly into the social or informational categories. There appears to be a third kind of network associated with political debate. More generally, it may be productive to conceive of communication networks in terms of multidimensional characteristics rather than categories

Paper ballot as metaphor?

Presented at the ACM Conference on Computer Supported Collaborative Work (CSCW). Chicago, IL, Nov. 2004. Retrieved 6/26/2006 from http://www.ischool.drexel.edu/faculty/robertson/research/RobertsonCSCW2004.pdf.Voting alone -- Social technologies context -- IT design context -- Pros and cons -- E-ballot futures -- Further out -- Change goes both way

Workshop on developing a research agenda for electronic voting technologies

Paper presented at the Workshop on Developing a Research Agenda for Electronic Voting Technologies, American Association for the Advancement of Science, Scientific Freedom, Responsibility and Law Program, Washington, DC, September 2004. Retrieved 6/26/2006 from http://www.cis.drexel.edu/faculty/robertson/research/RobertsonAAASPosition.pdf.This position statement makes two points: • Usability and user-centered design are critical to electronic voting systems. • The ballot metaphor for electronic voting is impoverished and should be broadened

Hybrid media consumption: How tweeting during a televised political debate influences the vote decision

An increasing number of people are using microblogs to broadcast their thoughts in real time as they watch televised political events. Microblogging social network sites (SNSs) such as Twitter generate a parallel stream of information and opinion. It is presumed that the additional content enhances the viewing experience, but our experiment explores the validity of this assumption. We studied how tweeting, or passively observing Twitter during a debate, influenced affect, recall and vote decision. For most measures, participants’ average feeling and recall toward the candidates did not depend on Twitter activity, but Twitter activity did matter for vote choice. People who actively tweeted changed their voting choice to reflect the majority sentiment on Twitter. Results are discussed in terms of the possibility that active tweeting leads to greater engagement but that it may also make people more susceptible to social influence

Overview of the spectrometer optical fiber feed for the Habitable-zone Planet Finder

The Habitable-zone Planet Finder (HPF) is a highly stabilized fiber fed precision radial velocity (RV) spectrograph working in the Near Infrared (NIR): 810 - 1280 nm . In this paper we present an overview of the preparation of the optical fibers for HPF. The entire fiber train from the telescope focus down to the cryostat is detailed. We also discuss the fiber polishing, splicing and its integration into the instrument using a fused silica puck. HPF was designed to be able to operate in two modes, High Resolution (HR- the only mode mode currently commissioned) and High Efficiency (HE). We discuss these fiber heads and the procedure we adopted to attach the slit on to the HR fibers.Comment: Presented at 2018 SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation, Austin, Texas, USA. 18 pages, 25 figures, and 2 table