An Examination of the Evidence Base for Function-Based Interventions for Students with Emotional and/or Behavioral Disorders Attending Middle and High Schools

This is the publisher's version, also found here: http://cec.metapress.com/content/1148w42712524u44/?p=f5b6879fc6f54654a233e1f54366335f&pi=3The authors field-tested the core quality indicators and standards for evidence-based practices for single-case design studies developed by Homer and colleagues (2005) by applying them to the literature exploring functional assessment-based interventions conducted with secondary-age students with emotional and/or behavioral disorders (EBD). First, we evaluated this knowledge base by applying the indicators to determine if the studies identified (n = 12) were of acceptable methodological quality. Second, we analyzed studies meeting the recommended quality indicators to determine whether function-based interventions with students with EBD might be considered an evidence-based practice. Results reveal that only 1 study addressed all proposed quality indicators, suggesting that function-based interventions are not yet an evidence-based practice for this population per these indicators and standards. Limitations and recommendations are posed

Respiratory Failure Secondary to Human Metapneumovirus Requiring Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in a 32-Month-Old Child

Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) is a common virus that can cause respiratory problems ranging from mild upper respiratory tract disease to respiratory failure requiring mechanical support. Here, we report a case of a 32-month-old male with a previous history of asthma, who developed respiratory failure two weeks after onset of cough and rhinorrhea and required extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) for 9 days after failing high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV). To our knowledge, this is the oldest reported pediatric patient with respiratory failure secondary to human metapneumovirus that did not respond to mechanical ventilation. This case highlights three critical points: the potentially fatal causative role of HMPV in respiratory failure in an older pediatric age group of immunocompetent hosts, the importance of early recognition of impending respiratory failure, and the timely utilization of ECMO

Zinc fortified biscuits for children

Over three-billion people worldwide are afflicted with micronutrient malnutrition, caused largely by a dietary deficiency of vitamins and minerals. Zinc deficiency is endemic amongst developing countries, and Ethiopia is no exception. Zinc deficiency triggers many health problems in children, many of which can become chronic, such as weight loss, stunted growth, weakened resistance to infections, and mortality.http://www.foodreview.co.zaam2016Food Scienc

Editorial: emerging issues in sociotechnical systems thinking and workplace safety

The burden of on-the-job accidents and fatalities and the harm of associated human suffering continue to present an important challenge for safety researchers and practitioners. While significant improvements have been achieved in recent decades, the workplace accident rate remains unacceptably high. This has spurred interest in the development of novel research approaches, with particular interest in the systemic influences of social/organisational and technological factors. In response, the Hopkinton Conference on Sociotechnical Systems and Safety was organised to assess the current state of knowledge in the area and to identify research priorities. Over the course of several months prior to the conference, leading international experts drafted collaborative, state-of-the-art reviews covering various aspects of sociotechnical systems and safety. These papers, presented in this special issue, cover topics ranging from the identification of key concepts and definitions to sociotechnical characteristics of safe and unsafe organisations. This paper provides an overview of the conference and introduces key themes and topics. Practitioner Summary: Sociotechnical approaches to workplace safety are intended to draw practitioners’ attention to the critical influence that systemic social/organisational and technological factors exert on safety-relevant outcomes. This paper introduces major themes addressed in the Hopkinton Conference within the context of current workplace safety research and practice challenge

Impact of efavirenz pharmacokinetics and pharmacogenomics on neuropsychological performance in older HIV-infected patients

Pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics of efavirenz and its 8-hydroxy metabolite (8-OH-efavirenz) have not been robustly evaluated in older HIV-infected persons

Bone Turnover Markers Including Undercarboxylated Osteocalcin Are Associated With Mortality Risk in Older Men

Osteocalcin in its undercarboxylated form (ucOC) may influence diabetes risk; however, its relationship with all-cause and cause-specific mortality is unclear. Whether other bone turnover markers (BTMs) are associated with mortality risk differently from ucOC also remains uncertain. Our aim was to determine associations of serum ucOC with all-cause and cause-specific mortality and compare these with the corresponding associations of serum total osteocalcin (TOC), procollagen type I N-propeptide (PINP), and collagen type 1 C-terminal cross-linked telopeptide (CTX) in older men. We conducted a prospective cohort study of 3871 community-dwelling men, aged 77.0 ± 3.6 years at baseline, followed for a median of 12.3 years. Exposure variables were ucOC, TOC, PINP, and CTX concentrations assayed in serum. Outcomes were incidence of all deaths and deaths due to cardiovascular disease (CVD) or cancer, ascertained using death registry data. Cox regression analyses adjusted for cardiovascular risk factors and prevalent CVD and for prevalent cancer in analyses of cancer-related mortality. Higher concentrations of ucOC, PINP, and CTX were associated with all-cause mortality (hazard ratio [HR] per 1 standard deviation increase: ucOC 1.12, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.06–1.18, p < 0.001; PINP HR = 1.06, 95% CI 1.01–1.11, p = 0.009; CTX HR = 1.13, 95% CI 1.08–1.19, p < 0.001), but TOC was not associated. Similar results were found after excluding men with an incident fracture during follow-up. Higher ucOC and CTX were associated with CVD mortality (ucOC HR per 1 SD increase 1.13, 95% CI 1.05–1.22, p = 0.001; CTX HR = 1.12, 95% CI 1.04–1.20, p = 0.003), but this result was not significant in competing risks analysis. Higher CTX was also associated with cancer mortality (HR = 1.12, 95% CI 1.01–1.23, p = 0.024). In conclusion, in older men, higher bone turnover, assessed by BTMs including ucOC, is a biomarker for all-cause mortality risk. Undercarboxylated osteocalcin was a more informative biomarker for this outcome than TOC. Higher CTX was associated with all-cause and cancer-related mortality. Further evaluation of causality and potential underlying mechanisms is warranted. © 2022 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR)

Mechanism of KMT5B haploinsufficiency in neurodevelopment in humans and mice

KMT5B gene; Neurodevelopment; MiceGen KMT5B; Neurodesenvolupament; RatolinsGen KMT5B; Neurodesarrollo; RatonesPathogenic variants in KMT5B, a lysine methyltransferase, are associated with global developmental delay, macrocephaly, autism, and congenital anomalies (OMIM# 617788). Given the relatively recent discovery of this disorder, it has not been fully characterized. Deep phenotyping of the largest (n = 43) patient cohort to date identified that hypotonia and congenital heart defects are prominent features that were previously not associated with this syndrome. Both missense variants and putative loss-of-function variants resulted in slow growth in patient-derived cell lines. KMT5B homozygous knockout mice were smaller in size than their wild-type littermates but did not have significantly smaller brains, suggesting relative macrocephaly, also noted as a prominent clinical feature. RNA sequencing of patient lymphoblasts and Kmt5b haploinsufficient mouse brains identified differentially expressed pathways associated with nervous system development and function including axon guidance signaling. Overall, we identified additional pathogenic variants and clinical features in KMT5B-related neurodevelopmental disorder and provide insights into the molecular mechanisms of the disorder using multiple model systems.This work was supported by LB692 Nebraska Tobacco Settlement Biomedical Research Development Program (to H.A.F.S.); The Simons Foundation Autism Research Initiative–Bridge to Independence Award SFARI 381192 (to H.A.F.S.); The A*STAR, Singapore, IAF-PP Program H17/01/a0/004 (to C.Y.L.); The Wong Boon Hock Society research program Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine (to Z.X.C.); NIH training grant 2T32GM008638-25 (L.B.); The Intramural Research Program of the National Human Genome Research Institute (to W.G.); The National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences of the NIH award number TL1TR001880 (to S.E.S.); The Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development award number HD009003-01 (to S.E.S.); Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics of the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania (to S.E.S.); and Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF) grant 320020_179547 and funds from the University of Zurich Research Priority Programs (URPP) AdaBD: Adaptive Brain Circuits in Developments (to A.Rau.). F.J.K. was funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft grant number FOR 2488. In silico modeling was supported by the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación grant number PID2019-111217RB-I00 (to X.d.l.C.). This study used data from the DDD study. The DDD study presents independent research commissioned by the Health Innovation Challenge Fund (grant number HICF-1009-003). This study makes use of DECIPHER (www.deciphergenomics.org), which is funded by Wellcome (grant number 223718/Z/21/Z). See Nature PMID: 25533962 or www.ddduk.org/access.html for full acknowledgement

Services just for men? Insights from a national study of the well men services pilots.

Men continue to have a lower life expectancy in most countries compared to women. Explanations of this gendered health inequality tend to focus on male risk taking, unhealthy lifestyle choices and resistance to seeking help from health services. In the period 2005-2008 the Scottish Government funded a nationwide community health promotion programme aimed at improving men's health, called Well Men Service Pilots (henceforth WMS)

Can Chatbots Help Support a Person’s Mental Health?:Perceptions and Views from Mental Healthcare Professionals and Experts

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