Accurately model the Kuramoto--Sivashinsky dynamics with holistic discretisation

We analyse the nonlinear Kuramoto--Sivashinsky equation to develop accurate discretisations modeling its dynamics on coarse grids. The analysis is based upon centre manifold theory so we are assured that the discretisation accurately models the dynamics and may be constructed systematically. The theory is applied after dividing the physical domain into small elements by introducing isolating internal boundaries which are later removed. Comprehensive numerical solutions and simulations show that the holistic discretisations excellently reproduce the steady states and the dynamics of the Kuramoto--Sivashinsky equation. The Kuramoto--Sivashinsky equation is used as an example to show how holistic discretisation may be successfully applied to fourth order, nonlinear, spatio-temporal dynamical systems. This novel centre manifold approach is holistic in the sense that it treats the dynamical equations as a whole, not just as the sum of separate terms.Comment: Without figures. See http://www.sci.usq.edu.au/staff/aroberts/ksdoc.pdf to download a version with the figure

Recoverable Plasma Diagnostics Package (RPDP)

The recoverable plasma diagnostics package (RPDP) is an ejectable and recoverable satellite with flight and ground support systems so that it can be utilized in three modes: attached to an remote manipulator system; tethered; or as a subsatellite. The satellite is well instrumented with particle and field diagnostic as well as optical sensors to: investigate the dynamics of the natural environment or ejected perturbations from particle beams; measure the characteristics and propagation of electrostatic and electromagnetic waves; study wave particle interactions; and study natural properties of the magnetosphere, ionosphere, and upper atmosphere

Vehicle Charging And Potential (VCAP)

The vehicle charging and potential (VCAP) payload includes a small electron accelerator capable of operating in a pulsed mode with firing pulses ranging from 600 nanoseconds to 107 seconds (100 milliamps at 1000 volts), a spherical retarding potential analyzer - Langmuir probe, and charge current probes. This instrumentation will support studies of beam plasma interactions and the electrical charging of the spacecraft. Active experiments may also be performed to investigate the fundamental processes of artificial aurora and ionospheric perturbations. In addition, by firing the beam up the geomagnetic field lines of force (away from the Earth) investigations of parallel electric field may be performed

Imaging Spectrometric Observatory (ISO)

The imaging spectrometric observatory (ISO) is discussed. The objectives of this instrument are to measure the spectral signatures of a large range of minor constituents, metastable, and excited species of both atomic and molecular ions, and neutrals in the atmosphere (from the stratosphere to the upper thermosphere). The instrument is composed of five identical spectrometers, each restricted to a given spectral range between 20 and 1200 nanometers designed for high speed operation as an imaging device. Each module is an imaging scanning spectrometer with coincident 0.5 x 0.007 degree field of view

Space radiation- a compilation and discussion

Space radiation - van allen belt, galactic cosmic radiation, solar wind & flares, and photon radiation with regard to apollo projec

Atmospheric Emission Photometric Imaging (AEPI)

The atmospheric emission photometric imaging (AEPI) consists of a dual channel, low light level video system with a filter wheel to isolate the emissions of interest, mounted on a stabilized, two axis gimbal system for pointing and control. The objectives are to produce images of various atmospheric emissions to: investigate ionospheric transport processes; observe induced emissions from artificial particle injection; measure electron impact cross sections of atmospheric species; study natural aurora at high spatial and temporal resolutions and in the ultraviolet

Electrodynamic tether

The electrodynamic tether consists of a satellite deployed to a distance of 20 km by an electrically conducting tether. The space station hardware consists of a 12 meter deployment boom, satellite cradle, tether reel and motor, and other tether support systems. The electrodynamic tether will be used to perform a variety of wave experiments by exciting a wide spectrum of low frequency waves in the ionospheric plasma. The system can also be used to artificially generate and study field aligned currents and associated plasma effects. Hydromagnetic waves generated by the passage of the system through the space plasma are of particular interest in space plasma research

Holistic finite differences accurately model the dynamics of the Kuramoto-Sivashinsky equation

We analyse the nonlinear Kuramoto-Sivashinsky equation to develop an accurate finite difference approximation to its dynamics. The analysis is based upon centre manifold theory so we are assured that the finite difference model accurately models the dynamics and may be constructed systematically. The theory is applied after dividing the physical domain into small elements by introducing insulating internal boundaries which are later removed. The Kuramoto-Sivashinsky equation is used as an example to show how holistic finite differences may be applied to fourth order, nonlinear, spatio-temporal dynamical systems. This novel centre manifold approach is holistic in the sense that it treats the dynamical equations as a whole, not just as the sum of separate terms

Wide Angle Michelson Doppler Imaging Interferometer (WAMDII)

The wide angle Michelson Doppler imaging interferometer (WAMDII) is a specialized type of optical Michelson interferometer working at sufficiently long path difference to measure Doppler shifts and to infer Doppler line widths of naturally occurring upper atmospheric Gaussian line emissions. The instrument is intended to measure vertical profiles of atmospheric winds and temperatures within the altitude range of 85 km to 300 km. The WAMDII consists of a Michelson interferometer followed by a camera lens and an 85 x 106 charge coupled device photodiode array. Narrow band filters in a filter wheel are used to isolate individual line emissions and the lens forms an image of the emitting region on the charge coupled device array

Why on earth did I buy that? A study of regretted appliance purchases

If targets to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and thereby tackle climate change are to be achieved, it will be necessary to reduce both embodied energy costs (e.g. in terms of producing and manufacturing the products and services that society consumes) and operational energy costs. Reducing the number of purchases that people regret could be a first step in changing the overall dynamic of consumption patterns. This research looks at some potentially adverse effects of consumption on well-being (e.g. negative emotions), applying social practice theory to give insights into why people make purchases that they feel negatively about. This paper draws from: (i) findings of a national survey of over 2000 respondents which found that 53% of adults had reported regretting purchasing an electrical device at some point, and that 23% regretted making such a purchase within the past year; and (ii) a series of walking interviews around people's homes that provide detailed insights into the nature and extent of regretted purchases of electrical goods (e.g. resentment at built-in obsolescence, frustration at the pace of technological change). By combining the qualitative and quantitative data, we develop a typology of regretted consumption and explore the underlying factors that lead to such purchases. The paper concludes with a discussion of the policy implications of this research