560 research outputs found
Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter's Mars Color Imager (MARCI): A New Workflow for Processing Its Image Data
The Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter's (MRO's) Mars Color Imager (MARCI) has
returned approximately daily, approximately global image data of Mars since
late 2006, in up to seven different colors, from ultraviolet through
near-infrared. To-date, that is over 5300 Mars days of data, nearly eight full
Mars Years, or more than 15 Earth years. The data are taken at up to nearly 500
meters per pixel, and the nearly circular orbit of MRO and its consistent early
afternoon imaging provide an unprecedented baseline of data with which to study
Mars' atmosphere and surface processes. Unfortunately, processing MARCI data is
difficult, fraught with exploding file sizes, issues that require workarounds
in free software, and other problems that make this a severely under-utilized
dataset. This paper discusses a workflow to process MARCI data to their
fullest, including suggestions on how to work around issues unique to MARCI and
how the data work with the current version of the free software ISIS
(Integrated Software for Imagers and Spectrometers). Discussion of some trades
that can be made to dramatically speed data processing are also described.
Examples of processed MARCI images, mosaics, and color composites are shown,
demonstrating the abilities of this workflow on global, regional, and local
areas at the full, 96 pixels per degree scale afforded by MARCI
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Planetary Surface Properties, Cratering Physics, and the Volcanic History of Mars from a New Global Martian Crater Database
Impact craters are arguably the primary exogenic planetary process contributing to the surface evolution of solid bodies in the solar system. Craters appear across the entire surface of Mars, and they are vital to understanding its crustal properties as well as surface ages and modification events. They allow inferences into the ancient climate and hydrologic history, and they add a key data point for the understanding of impact physics. Previously available databases of Mars impact craters were created from now antiquated datasets, automated algorithms with biases and inaccuracies, were limited in scope, and/or complete only to multi-kilometer diameters. This work presents a new global database for Mars that contains 378,540 craters statistically complete for diameters D ≥ 1 km. This detailed database includes location and size, ejecta morphology and morphometry, interior morphology and degradation state, and whether the crater is a secondary impact. This database allowed exploration of global crater type distributions, depth, and morphologies in unprecedented detail that were used to re-examine basic crater scaling laws for the planet. The inclusion of hundreds of thousands of small, approximately kilometer-sized impacts facilitated a detailed study of the properties of nearby fields of secondary craters in relation to their primary crater. It also allowed the discovery of vast distant clusters of secondary craters over 5000 km from their primary crater, Lyot. Finally, significantly smaller craters were used to age-date volcanic calderas on the planet to re-construct the timeline of the last primary eruption events from 20 of the major Martian volcanoes
An Analysis of Regulations Under the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act
This Article analyzes efforts to deal with the generation, transportation, treatment, storage and disposal of hazardous wastes under the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act and the Environmental Protection Agency\u27s regulations promulgated thereunder
The Ursinus Weekly, May 20, 1963
Pi Gamma Mu initiates new members tonight • Curtis defeated in Mock College Bowl program • New plans for Design for Living • Delta Pi pledge class completes project • Big-little sister program receives strong support • 1963 Parents Day planning begins • Afternoon recital • Reverend Frank Reynolds to be Baccalaureate preacher • Supply evening hours under question • Nine and one in \u2763 and prospects even brighter • New Color Guard members selected • Editorial: In retrospect • Greek gleanings • Letters to the editor • Students make final preparations for European travel • WSGA minutes • Hitting sour against Lehigh; Pitching wilts against Moravian • Cindermen close greatest season • Dick Dean named outstanding senior athlete • Beaver blasted in softball, 12-5 • Seals and Sig Rho battle for championship • Ursinus taunts Temple • Golf team performs well in MACs • UC downs Drexel lacrosse team 9-2https://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/weekly/1297/thumbnail.jp
What Is a Polygonal Impact Crater? A Proposed Framework Toward Quantifying Crater Shapes
Impact craters are used for a wide array of investigations of planetary surfaces. A crater form that is somewhat rare, forming only ∼10% of impact craters, is the polygonal impact crater (or PIC). These craters have been visually, manually identified as having at least two rim segments that are best represented as straight lines. Such straight lines or edges are most often used to infer details about the subsurface crust where faults control the structure of the crater cavity as it formed. The PIC literature is scant, but almost exclusively these craters are identified manually, and the potentially straight edges are classified and measured manually. The reliance on human subjectivity in both the identification and measurement motivated us to design a more objective algorithm to fit the crater rim shape, measure any straight edges, and measure joint angles between straight edges. The developed code uses a Monte Carlo approach from a user-input number of edges to first find a reasonable shape from purely random possible shapes; it then uses an iterative Monte Carlo approach to improve the shape until a minimum difference between the shape and rim trace is found. It returns the result in a concise, parameterized form. This code is presented as a first step because, while we experimented with several different metrics, we could not find one that could consistently, objectively return an answer that stated which shape for a given crater was the best; this objective metric is an area for future improvement
The Ursinus Weekly, May 13, 1963
Bears annex first MAC championship • Cold weather doesn\u27t freeze Mississippi mud • Senior show slated for May 16 • Sir George Thomson, famed physicist, to speak at Commencement exercises • Joyce Maloney wins title of Miss Montgomery County • Registration open for Summer school • Angelo Cutone, custodian, plans return to Italy • Pre-med society selects officers • Music Club names 1963-64 officers • Shinnick, Kelly, Gould elected class presidents • Whitians elect 1963-64 leaders • Dr. Steere urges understanding • Peggy Cooper new head cheerleader • GOP elects officers • New officers • As Helfferich leaves Girard Trust • Greek gleanings • UC Band presents Spring concert • Minutes of MSGA • Tibetan lamas • Fine casting and producing lead Staring match to success • Ursinus smites fiery Dragons 8-1; Bears give explorers victory 9-5 • Tennis team trims the Main Line • Jim Egolf: Freshman find • Ursinus racketeers stumble • Haverford beaten second time, 6-2 • UC shears Ewes • Bears drop Shoremen from undefeated ranks • Lacrosse team drops WC, 6-4https://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/weekly/1296/thumbnail.jp
Council housing: Time to invest (now, more than ever), submission of evidence to the All Party Parliamentary Group for Council Housing
In 2010, the Parliamentary Council Housing Group of MPs and Defend Council Housing (DCH) published “Council Housing: Time to Invest, fair funding, investment and building council housing”. It was the result of an Inquiry that took evidence from tenants, councillors and others, and combined this in a thoroughly researched analysis of existing government policy, concluding that direct investment in council housing, accountably managed and maintained, was essential to produce and maintain the genuinely affordable and secure homes we have and need.
But the 2012 ‘self-financing’ regime which promised new financial resources for Council housing, has not delivered. Councils have attempted to find alternative sources of much-needed investment, looking to Special Purpose Vehicles, Joint Ventures and Local Housing Companies. These have not brought solutions to the scale of the UK’s housing crisis, which continues to deepen.
A lot has changed since 2010, and the pressures on council housing have only increased. Grenfell is a deadly symptom of what has gone wrong with UK housing policy. And the false economy of current policy is illustrated by the billions of pounds councils are having to spend on temporary accommodation. We are therefore glad to help in updating research to assess the current situation and the different investment strategies offered as an alternative to direct investment.
MPs will be calling for evidence, and discussing these issues, with tenants, campaigners, trade unions and councillors around the country. This paper is intended as a starting point for that discussion, outlining relevant past and current policies and assessing what we know about their effectiveness and possible consequences
Intravenous Iron to Treat Anaemia following Critical care (INTACT): A protocol for a feasibility randomised controlled trial
Background: Anaemia is common in patients who survive critical illness and is associated with high levels of fatigue and poor quality of life. In non-critically ill patients, treating anaemia with intravenous iron has resulted in meaningful improvements in quality of life, but uncertainties regarding the benefits, risks, timing and optimal route of iron therapy in survivors of critical illness remain.Methods / Design: INtravenous Iron to Treat Anaemia following CriTical care (INTACT) is an open-label, feasibility, parallel group, randomised controlled trial with 1:1 randomisation to either intravenous iron (1000 mg ferric carboxymaltose) or usual medical care. The primary objective is to assess the feasibility of a future, multicentre randomised controlled trial. Participants will be followed up for up to 90 days post-randomisation. The primary outcome measures, which will be used to determine feasibility, are recruitment and randomisation rates, protocol adherence and completeness of follow-up. Secondary outcome measures include collecting clinical, laboratory, health-related quality of life and safety data to inform the power calculations of a future definitive trial.Conclusion: Improving recovery from critical illness is a recognised research priority. Whether or not correcting anaemia, with intravenous iron, improves health-related quality of life and recovery requires further investigation. If so, it has the potential to become a rapidly translatable intervention. Prior to embarking on a phase III multicentre trial, a carefully designed and implemented feasibility trial is essential
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