Performance, egg quality and nitrogen balance of commercial laying hens fed diets with different levels of crude protein and lysine

O experimento foi conduzido para avaliar os efeitos de rações com diferentes níveis de proteína bruta (PB) e lisina sobre as características de desempenho, a qualidade interna dos ovos e o balanço/retenção do nitrogênio. Foram utilizadas 160 poedeiras Hisex White com 48 semanas de idade, alojadas individualmente em delineamento inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial 4 × 2, com quatro níveis de PB (12, 14, 16 e 18%) e dois de lisina (0,85 e 1,00%), totalizando oito rações com cinco repetições de quatro aves. O consumo de proteína bruta, o peso dos ovos, a massa de ovos e a porcentagem de albúmen apresentam resposta linear crescente aos níveis de PB na dieta. O balanço de nitrogênio não é alterado pelos níveis de proteína das rações.The experiment was carried out to evaluate the effects of diets with different levels of crude protein (CP) and lysine (LYS) on characteristics of performance, egg internal quality, and nitrogen balance/retention. It was used 160 Hisex White laying hens at 48 weeks of age, individually accomodated in a complete random design in a 4 × 2 factorial scheme with four levels of crude protein (12, 14, 16 and 18%) and two levels of lysine (0.85 and 1.00%), totalizing eight treatments with five replicates of four birds each. Crude protein intake, egg weight, egg mass and percentage of the albumen show increasing linear response to the levels of crude protein in the diet. Nitrogen balance is not altered by the levels of proteins in the diets.Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES

Performance and egg quality of commercial laying hens fed diets with different levels of methionine and lysine

Foram avaliados os efeitos dos níveis de metionina e lisina sobre o desempenho e a qualidade interna e externa dos ovos de poedeiras comerciais. Foram utilizadas 256 poedeiras Hisex White com 68 semanas de idade, alojadas individualmente em delineamento inteiramente casualizado em arranjo fatorial 4 õ 4, com quatro níveis de lisina (0,482; 0,682; 0,882 e 1,082%) e metionina (0,225; 0,318; 0,411 e 0,505%), totalizando 16 dietas, cada uma com quatro repetições de quatro aves. O desempenho foi avaliado por meio das características consumos de ração, lisina, metionina, proteína bruta e de energia, peso, produção e massa de ovos e conversão alimentar. A qualidade interna dos ovos foi avaliada por meio das características peso e porcentagem de albúmen e gema e pela unidade Haugh. As aves apresentaram máxima produção de ovos quando alimentadas com rações contendo 0,444% de metionina total e 0,872% de lisina total. A classificação dos ovos por tipo e as características de qualidade interna e externa dos ovos não foram influenciadas pelos níveis de metionia e lisina da dieta.This experiment was carried out to evaluate the effects of levels of methionine and lysine on performance and on the internal and external egg quality of commercial laying hens. It was used 256 Hisex White laying hens at 68 weeks of age, which were individually housed in a complete random design in a 4 õ 4 factorial scheme with four levels of lysine (0.482, 0.682, 0.882, and 1.082%) and of methionine (0.225, 0.318, 0.411, and 0.505%) totaling sixteen diets with four replicates with four birds each. Performance was evaluated through the following characteristics: feed intake, consumption of lysine, methionine, crude protein and energy, weight, production and mass of eggs and feed conversion. Internal quality of eggs was evaluated through the characteristics of weight and yolk percentage and by Haugh unit. Birds showed maximal egg production when fed rations with 0.444% of total methionine and 0.872% total lysine. Rating of eggs by their types and internal and external quality of eggs were not influenced by levels of methionine and lysine in the diet

Are structurally modified galactomannan derivatives biologically active?

Galactomannans are versatile macromolecules with broad industrial potential. The influence of changes in the chemical structures and respective bioactivities of these polysaccharides have been extensively studied. The derivatives obtained by sulfation, complexation, and phosphorylation are the most studied biological properties in galactomannans. The derivatives obtained have shown several pharmacological activities such as antiviral, antimicrobial, anticoagulant, fibrinolytic, chemopreventive, anticancer, antioxidant, chondroprotective, analgesic, immunomodulatory, and antileishmanial. Considering the relevance of these studies, we aim to provide an overview of studies that apply galactomannan modification or derivatization strategies to improve their properties for applications in the biomedical area. We identified the success of most modified galactomannans for pharmacological purposes. However, some studies found loss of bioactivity of the original polysaccharide after chemical changes to its original structures.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

The Nurse in Prenatal Care: The Pregnant Women Expectations / O Enfermeiro no Pré-Natal: Expectativas de Gestantes

Objetivo: Buscar evidências, aprofundar o conhecimento sobre a temática e descrever sobre a expectativa da gestante quando o enfermeiro é inserido em seu pré-natal. Método: Pesquisa de campo de cunho qualitativo, exploratório descritivo, realizada em uma Clínica da Família, localizada no Município de Duque de Caxias no Estado do Rio de Janeiro com 15 gestantes inseridas no pré-natal, através de entrevista semiestruturada. Resultados: Os depoimentos deram origem a cinco categorias: características sociodemográficas das gestantes, entendimento da gestante sobre o pré-natal, sentimentos das gestantes, frente a assistência de enfermagem no pré-natal, diferencial da consulta de enfermagem, melhorias nas consultas e duas subcategorias: sentimentos das gestantes antes da realização da consulta e sentimentos das gestantes após a realização da consulta. Conclusão: Apesar das avaliações positivas em relação à consulta de enfermagem, ainda fazem-se necessárias algumas melhorias no atendimento e cabe a equipe de saúde esclarecer aos usuários suas atribuições. Descritores: Cuidado pré-natal, Enfermeiras e Enfermeiros, Relações Enfermeiro-Paciente

Chia seed mucilage (Salvia hispanica L.): An emerging biopolymer for industrial application

Biopolymers are widely distributed in nature and have a wide variety of biological properties and applications. Chia (Salvia hispanica L.) is an herbaceous plant that belongs to the Lamiaceae family, which when in contact with water exude the fraction of soluble fiber in the form of mucilage. In view of the above, this study aims to provide an overview of the characteristics and applications of chia mucilage that make it a biopolymer of industrial interest. The data collection was carried out in the databases: SciELO (Scientific Electronic Library Online), Science Direct, MDPI, Wiley Online Library, Springer and Periodical capes using the following descriptors: “Chia Seed Mucilage”, “Technological Properties”, “Biological Activities”, and “Applications” in alone and in association. After the critical analysis of the selected articles, it was possible to conclude that the chia mucilage has numerous and unique physical-chemical, chemical and technological properties. Applications in the food field are among the most used in view of the industrial perspective. However, the infinite potential that this biomaterial has for the pharmaceutical and agricultural industries is undeniable

Mucilagem de sementes de chia (Salvia hispanica L.): um biopolímero emergente para aplicação industrial

Biopolymers are widely distributed in nature and have a wide variety of biological properties and applications. Chia (Salvia hispanica L.) is an herbaceous plant that belongs to the Lamiaceae family, which when in contact with water exude the fraction of soluble fiber in the form of mucilage. In view of the above, this study aims to provide an overview of the characteristics and applications of chia mucilage that make it a biopolymer of industrial interest. The data collection was carried out in the databases: SciELO (Scientific Electronic Library Online), Science Direct, MDPI, Wiley Online Library, Springer and Periodical capes using the following descriptors: “Chia Seed Mucilage”, “Technological Properties”, “Biological Activities”, and “Applications” in alone and in association. After the critical analysis of the selected articles, it was possible to conclude that the chia mucilage has numerous and unique physical-chemical, chemical and technological properties. Applications in the food field are among the most used in view of the industrial perspective. However, the infinite potential that this biomaterial has for the pharmaceutical and agricultural industries is undeniable.Os biopolímeros são amplamente distribuídos na natureza e possuem uma ampla variedade de propriedades biológicas e aplicações. A chia (Salvia hispanica L.) é uma planta herbácea pertencente à família Lamiaceae, que quando em contato com a água exala a fração de fibra solúvel na forma de mucilagem. Diante do exposto, este estudo tem como objetivo fornecer um panorama sobre as características e aplicações da mucilagem da chia que a tornam um biopolímero de interesse industrial. A coleta de dados foi realizada nas bases de dados: SciELO (Scientific Electronic Library Online), Science Direct, MDPI, Wiley Online Library, Springer e Periodical capes utilizando os seguintes descritores: “Chia Seed Mucilage”, “Technological Properties”, “Biological Activities ”, e “Aplicações” isoladamente e em associação. Após a análise crítica dos artigos selecionados, foi possível concluir que a mucilagem da chia possui inúmeras e únicas propriedades físico-químicas, químicas e tecnológicas. As aplicações na área de alimentos estão entre as mais utilizadas do ponto de vista industrial. No entanto, é inegável o potencial infinito que este biomaterial tem para as indústrias farmacêutica e agrícola.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Biosafety in wild animal management in containment areas in state of Piauí

Biosecurity in containment areas is fundamental to public health, especially in areas in which animals are considered attraction, as in zoos. In these places, despite all security involved in the containment and management of wild animals, can still be considered as zoonosis transmission point. The objective was to assess the degree of unsoundness of employees and the use of protective equipment against zoonotic pathogens in the workplace. The study was conducted by analyzing the data obtained through a questionnaire that the workers of wild animal containment areas, whose focus was on routine work, animal handling, health history and knowledge about zoonotic diseases. The information gathered revealed that in part the administration of the place gives employees a basic security, providing PPE and refresher courses in animal handling. However, the garments used by employees are washed in their own homes. There are still points to be fixed in biosafety in these parks, such as the construction of changing rooms and providing own uniform to work, washed in a laundry in this place

Evaluation of hematological profile, biochemical and peripheral blood smear with a view to the health profile in primates of the Cebus genre maintained in captivity

Os primatas não humanos atuam como modelo para estudos sobre a dinâmica das vias de transmissão e história natural de doenças compartilhadas entre homens e animais. O ambiente de cativeiro é propício à disseminação de doenças de caráter zoonótico. Muitos destes animais não apresentam sintomatologia clínica, mesmo estando infectados, o que os caracterizam como importante fonte de infecção para os animais domésticos e o homem. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a sanidade de primatas não humanos mantidos em cativeiro através de análise hematológica e bioquímica, bem como esfregaço de sangue periférico, com intuito de investigar a presença de patógenos de caráter zoonótico, servindo de modelo para estudos futuros sobre a dinâmica das vias de transmissão de doenças compartilhadas entre homens e animais. Foram coletadas amostras de sangue de 15 macacos prego (Cebus sp.), adultos, clinicamente saudáveis e pertencentes ao Parque Zoobotânico de Teresina. Foram coradas lâminas de esfregaço sanguíneo e obtidos os perfis hematológicos e bioquímicos de cada animal. A análise dos dados baseou-se em estatística básica. Não foi observado nenhum hemoparasita presente em sangue periférico. Todos os animais estavam anêmicos, 46,7% trombopênicos e 87% apresentavam algum tipo de processo patológico de evolução crônica, devido à elevada taxa de monócitos encontrados. Todos os animais apresentaram elevadas taxas de fosfatase alcalina e das transaminases AST e ALT, indicando injúria do parênquima hepático. Novos estudos deverão ser realizados para melhor elucidação dos resultados, visto que dados bioquímicos fisiológicos de primatas do gênero Cebus são escassos na literatura.Non-human primates serve as a model for studies on the dynamics of transmission routes and natural history of diseases shared between humans and animals. The captive environment is conducive the dissemination of zoonotic diseases. Many of these animals do not present clinical symptomatology, even when infected, which characterize them as an important source of infection for domestic animals and man. The objective of this study was to evaluate the sanity of non-human primates kept in captivity through hematological and biochemical analysis as well as peripheral blood smear, aiming to investigate the presence of zoonotic pathogens, serving as a model for future studies on the dynamics of routes of transmission of diseases shared between humans and animals. Were collected samples of blood from 15 nail monkeys (Cebus sp.), adults, clinically healthy and belonging to Park Zoobotanic of Teresina. Were stained smear sanguine blades and obtained the haematological and biochemical profiles of each animal. The data analysis was based on basic statistics. Did not observed any haemoparasite present in peripheral blood. All animals were anemic, 46,7% thrombopenics and 87% of the animals showed some type of pathological process of chronic evolution, due to the high rate of monocytes found. All animals showed high rates of alkaline phosphatase, and transaminases AST and ALT, indicating injury of the hepatic parenchyma. New studies should be conducted to better elucidate of results, seeing that biochemical physiological data primate of the genus Cebus are scarce in literature.