F. M. Brouwer and S. van Berkum, CAP and environment in the European Union, Lei-Dlo, Wageningen Pers, 1996

Merlo Maurizio, Rivkine E. N. F. M. Brouwer and S. van Berkum, CAP and environment in the European Union, Lei-Dlo, Wageningen Pers, 1996. In: Cahiers d'Economie et sociologie rurales, N°42-43, 1er et 2e trimestres 1997. économie du développement. Education ; pauvreté ; commerce international. pp. 218-219

Niek Koning, The failure of agrarian capitalism, agrarian politics in the United Kingdom, Germany, the Netherlands and the USA, 1846-1919. London and New York, Routledge, 1964

Thompson Michael, Rivkine E. N. Niek Koning, The failure of agrarian capitalism, agrarian politics in the United Kingdom, Germany, the Netherlands and the USA, 1846-1919. London and New York, Routledge, 1964. In: Cahiers d'Economie et sociologie rurales, N°44, 3e trimestre 1997. pp. 143-146

Ileocolic intussusception due to a cecal endometriosis: Case report and review of literature

Abstract Cecal endometriosis and ileocolic intussusception due to a cecal endometriosis is extremely rare. We report a case of a woman who presented an ileocecal intussusception due to a cecal endometriosis. The patient gave two months history of chronic periombilical pain requiring regular hospital admission and analgesia. The symptoms were not related to menses. A laparotomy was performed and revealed an ileocolic intussusception. The abdominal exploration did not find any endometriosis lesion. Ileocaecal resection was performed. Microscopic examination showed a cystic component, lined by a regular cylindric epithelium. Foci of endometrial tissu were oberved in the cecal subserosa and muscularis mucosal, with irregular endometrial glands lined by cylindric epithelium without atypia immunostained with CK7, and characteristic endometrial stroma immunostained with CD10. Cecal endometriosis and ileocolic intussusception due to a cecal endometriosis is extremely rare. Diagnose of etiology remains challenging due to the absence of clinical and radiological specific characteristics. Virtual slide The virtual slide(s) for this article can be found here: http://www.diagnosticpathology.diagnomx.eu/vs/2975867306869166</p

La valeur d'usage à des fins de loisir des espaces protégés en Espagne. Comparaison entre méthode des coûts de déplacement et méthode d'évaluation contingente

Recreational use value of protected areas in Spain. A comparison of the travel cost and contingent valuation method Valuation of environmental goods, such as protected natural areas, allows us to obtain information that could be included in cost-benefit analysis as an aid for public sector decision-taking processes. This article presents an application of the contingent valuation method and of the travel cost method in order to obtain an estimate of the recreational use value of the Parque Natural del Señorio de Bértiz in Navarra (Spain). The empirical analysis is based on a survey delivered to 402 visitors during spring 1995. The individual travel cost method is based on the estimation of a demand function for the number of trips to the place subject to valuation from which we derive an estimate of consumer's surplus. How do we estimate this cost ? It would seem straight-forward that these costs should be the distance travelled to the park and the time invested in this trip and/or the time spent at the recreational area. If most visitors use private means of transport to get to the recreational area we could calculate the travel cost as : the real variable cost (petrol costs) or the total real costs (variable cost + depreciation). The contingent valuation method is based on the construction of an hypothetical market where we ask visitors directly for their willingness to pay for a visit to the park. In order to obtain the recreational use value of the park we use a dichotomous choice question followed by an open-ended one. After the application of both methods, we remark that the results are close to those obtained in other applications found in environmental goods valuation literature and detect certain sensibility of the results we obtain depending on the hypothesis considered.Ce texte présente deux méthodes d'évaluation utilisées pour mesurer la valeur d'usage à des fins de loisir du Parc naturel du Señorio de Bértiz à Navarre (Espagne). L'analyse empirique se base sur une enquête menée auprès de 402 visiteurs au cours du printemps 1995. La méthode des coûts de déplacement individuel consiste dans l'estimation d'une fonction de demande de déplacement vers le lieu qu'on évalue, et dans l'estimation du surplus du consommateur correspondant. On suppose que le nombre de déplacements est principalement une fonction du coût de déplacement, cette hypothèse étant la principale difficulté de la méthode. L'analyse empirique a été réalisée pour trois options de coût par kilomètre parcouru et un coût d'opportunité de la durée de déplacement. La méthode d'évaluation contingente se base sur la construction d'un marché hypothétique, en interrogeant directement les visiteurs sur leur disposition à payer. Pour obtenir la valeur de loisir qu'ils donnent à l'utilisation du parc, on utilise une question dichotomique suivie d'une question ouverte. L'application de ces deux méthodes montre que les résultats sont proches de ceux obtenus dans d'autres comparaisons disponibles dans la littérature et on constate de même une certaine sensibilité des résultats obtenus aux hypothèses adoptées dans le travail.Pérez y Pérez Luis, Barreiro Jesús, Sánchez Mercedes, Azpilicueta Miren, Rivkine E. N. La valeur d'usage à des fins de loisir des espaces protégés en Espagne. Comparaison entre méthode des coûts de déplacement et méthode d'évaluation contingente. In: Cahiers d'Economie et sociologie rurales, N°41, 4e trimestre 1996. Questions d'économie forestière. Services non marchands ; durabilité et rentabilité ; dynamique des forêts tropicales. pp. 39-56

Prevalence of and Risk Factors for Morbidity After Elective Left Colectomy Cancer vs Noncomplicated Diverticular Disease

Hypothesis: Independent risk factors for postoperative morbidity after colectomy are most likely linked to disease characteristics. Design: Retrospective analysis. Setting: Twenty-eight centers of the French Federation for Surgical Research. Patients: In total, 1721 patients (1230 with colon cancer [CC] and 491 with diverticular disease [DD]) from a databank of 7 prospective, multisite, randomized trials on colorectal resection. Intervention: Elective left colectomy via laparotomy. Main Outcome Measures: Preoperative and intraoperative risk factors for postoperative morbidity. Results: Overall postoperative morbidity was higher in CC than in DD (32.4% vs 30.3%) but the difference was not statistically significant (P=.40). Two independent risk factors for morbidity in CC were antecedent heart failure (odds ratio [OR], 3.00; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.42-6.32) (P=.003) and bothersome intraluminal fecal matter (2.08; 1.42-3.06) (P=.001). Three independent risk factors for morbidity in DD were at least 10% weight loss (OR, 2.06; 95% CI, 1.25-3.40) (P=.004), body mass index (calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared) exceeding 30 (2.05; 1.15-3.66) (P=.02), and left hemicolectomy (vs left segmental colectomy) (2.01; 1.19-3.40) (P=.009). Conclusions: Patients undergoing elective left colectomy for CC or for DD constitute 2 distinct populations with completely different risk factors for morbidity, which should be addressed differently. Improving colonic cleanliness (by antiseptic enema) may reduce morbidity in CC. In DD, morbidity may be reduced by appropriate preoperative nutritive support (by immunonutrition), even in patients with obesity, and by preference of left segmental colectomy over left hemicolectomy. By decreasing morbidity, mortality should be lowered as well, especially when reoperation becomes necessary