390 research outputs found
Tratamiento médico de la estenosis arterial intracraneal. ¿Es el mismo en prevención primaria que en secundaria?
In this study we review the risk factors associated with the formation and
progression of an atheroma plaque, the mechanism involved in cerebral ischemia
secondary to intracranial atheromatosis and possible medical treatment in primary
and secondary prevention. DEVELOPMENT: Medical treatment of intracranial stenoses
(ICS) is aimed at stopping the progression of the atheroma plaque and at
preventing recurrences in the case of symptomatic stenoses. It is based on the
control of vascular risk factors, the use of statins and antithrombotic therapy
(antiplatelet or anticoagulation drugs). Although antiplatelet agents have not
proved to be beneficial in the primary prevention of stroke, they are recommended
in patients with ICS in order to lower the risk of heart attack associated with
this pathology. The use of antiplatelet drugs in the secondary prevention of
ischemic stroke secondary to an ICS is based on clinical trials which have shown
that antiaggregation prevents non-cardioembolic strokes. Nevertheless, several
retrospective studies have observed that oral anticoagulation is better than
antiaggregation with aspirin. Two prospective clinical trials are currently being
conducted which will, in the next few years, help to determine what the first
choice medical treatment is for this group of patients. CONCLUSIONS: Medical
treatment of ICS patients must include the control of vascular risk factors and
the use of statins. New studies are needed to be able to establish the first
choice antithrombotic drug in secondary prevention
Cefalea en urgencias
Headache is among the most frequent neurological
symptoms in the Emergency department. Although
most of the patients suffer from primary headaches
(migraine), an acute headache might be the only
symptom of a serious disease, such as subarachnoid
haemorrhage. The physician’s task is to make the
diagnosis, carry out an appropriate selection of the
patients who require further diagnostic evaluation and
relieve the pain. An accurate history will identify most
of the patients with secondary headaches. Clinicians
should suspect secondary causes in sudden onset
headache, headache in patients aged over 50 years, and
also in those patients with abnormalities on
neurological examination
Generation of ENSEMBL-based proteogenomics databases boosts the identification of non-canonical peptides
We have implemented the pypgatk package and the pgdb workflow to create proteogenomics databases based on ENSEMBL resources. The tools allow the generation of protein sequences from novel protein-coding transcripts by performing a three-frame translation of pseudogenes, lncRNAs and other non-canonical transcripts, such as those produced by alternative splicing events. It also includes exonic out-of-frame translation from otherwise canonical protein-coding mRNAs. Moreover, the tool enables the generation of variant protein sequences from multiple sources of genomic variants including COSMIC, cBioportal, gnomAD and mutations detected from sequencing of patient samples. pypgatk and pgdb provide multiple functionalities for database handling including optimized target/decoy generation by the algorithm DecoyPyrat. Finally, we have reanalyzed six public datasets in PRIDE by generating cell-type specific databases for 65 cell lines using the pypgatk and pgdb workflow, revealing a wealth of non-canonical or cryptic peptides amounting to >5% of the total number of peptides identified
Multi-band high resolution spectroscopy rules out the hot Jupiter BD+20 1790b - First data from the GIARPS Commissioning
Context. Stellar activity is currently challenging the detection of young
planets via the radial velocity (RV) technique. Aims. We attempt to
definitively discriminate the nature of the RV variations for the young active
K5 star BD+20 1790, for which visible (VIS) RV measurements show divergent
results on the existence of a substellar companion. Methods. We compare VIS
data with high precision RVs in the near infrared (NIR) range by using the
GIANO - B and IGRINS spectrographs. In addition, we present for the first time
simultaneous VIS-NIR observations obtained with GIARPS (GIANO - B and HARPS -
N) at Telescopio Nazionale Galileo (TNG). Orbital RVs are achromatic, so the RV
amplitude does not change at different wavelengths, while stellar activity
induces wavelength-dependent RV variations, which are significantly reduced in
the NIR range with respect to the VIS. Results. The NIR radial velocity
measurements from GIANO - B and IGRINS show an average amplitude of about one
quarter with respect to previously published VIS data, as expected when the RV
jitter is due to stellar activity. Coeval multi-band photometry surprisingly
shows larger amplitudes in the NIR range, explainable with a mixture of cool
and hot spots in the same active region. Conclusions. In this work, the claimed
massive planet around BD+20 1790 is ruled out by our data. We exploited the
crucial role of multi- wavelength spectroscopy when observing young active
stars: thanks to facilities like GIARPS that provide simultaneous observations,
this method can reach its maximum potential.Comment: 12 pages, 7 figure
Neuroimagen estructural y funcional en las enfermedades priónicas humanas
INTRODUCTION:
Prion diseases are neurodegenerative disorders resulting from the accumulation of a misfolded isoform of the cellular prion protein (PrPc). They can occur as acquired, sporadic or hereditary forms. Although prion diseases show a wide range of phenotypic variations, pathological features and clinical evolution, they are all characterised by a common unfavourable course and a fatal outcome.
REVIEW SUMMARY:
Some variants, such as kuru, have practically disappeared, while others, for example the variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob (vCJD) or those attributable to iatrogenic causes, are still in force and pose a challenge to current medicine. There are no definitive pre-mortem diagnostic tests, except for vCJD, where a tonsil biopsy detects 100% of the cases. For this reason, diagnostic criteria dependent on statistical probability have had to be created. These require complementary examinations, such as an electroencephalogram (EEG) or the detection of 14-3-3 protein in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Only the "pulvinar sign" in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been included as a vCJD diagnostic criterion. The present review discusses neuroimaging findings for each type of prion disease in patients with a definitive histopathological diagnosis.
CONCLUSIONS:
The aim is to define the usefulness of these complementary examinations as a tool for the diagnosis of this family of neurodegenerative diseases
A pilot study on the Spanish version of the Psychosocial Adjustment to Illness Scale (PAIS‐SR) with carers of people with Parkinson's disease
Aim: To report the cross-cultural adaptation and pilot study of the ongoing validation of the Spanish version of the Psychosocial Adjustment to Illness Scale with carers of people with Parkinson's disease.
Design: Cross-cultural adaptation and pilot study with a cross-sectional validation design of the Spanish version of the Psychosocial Adjustment to Illness Scale - Carers.
Methods: Twenty-one carers of people with Parkinson's disease from a Primary Care practice in Spain were recruited and completed the PAIS-Carers, the SF-36 Health Survey, the Brief COPE Inventory and an assessment form. SPSS 23.0 was used to determine viability/acceptability and preliminary aspects of internal consistency of the instrument.
Results: Five of the seven domains presented floor effect (71.42%), and only one presented ceiling effect (14.28%). The internal consistency of the scale and domains showed acceptable values (over 0.7). The content validity of the Spanish version seemed satisfactory with positive comments in general from participants
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