20 research outputs found

    Actualización de la base de datos arqueomagnética de Iberia y nuevas curvas de variación paleosecular para los últimos 3000 años

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    Trabajo presentado en la X Reunión de la Comisión de Paleomagnetismo de la Sociedad Geológica de España, celebrada del 14 al 17 de septiembre de 2017 en el valle del río Grío, Zaragoza (España)En este trabajo se presenta una actualización de la base de datos direccional de Iberia para los últimos 3000 años (Gómez-Paccard et al., 2006) y el primer catálogo de intensidad para este periodo. En direcciones, la base de datos ha aumentado en más de un 80%, incluyendo más de 10 resultados direccionales no publicados hasta la fecha. En intensidades, este estudio representa un aumento de más del 50% en la cantidad de datos de calidad disponibles (si nos referimos al primer milenio a.C., se cuadruplica el número de datos), entendiendo datos de calidad como aquellos que cumplen los siguientes criterios: a) que el número de especímenes empleados para la determinación de la paleointensidad sea igual o superior a 4; b) que el protocolo empleado sea Thellier (Thellier y Thellier, 1959) o derivados; c) que la anisotropía de la imanación termorremanente haya sido investigada y corregida. Toda esta información ha permitido desarrollar nuevas curvas de variación paleosecular de declinación, inclinación e intensidad de Iberia para los tres últimos milenios. Se ha empleado el método bootstrap (Thébault y Gallet, 2010) incluyendo la jerarquía asociada a la información estratigráfica cuando estaba disponible. Las nuevas curvas direccionales no presentan grandes diferencias con las anteriormente publicadas (Fig. 1), aunque se incrementa su precisión. En intensidad las principales diferencias aparecen en el primer milenio a.C. y en el posible doble máximo en torno a 600-800 años d.C, que no es recogido por esta curva. Las nuevas curvas de variación paleosecular suponen una mejora en las posibilidades de la datación arqueomagnética en la península ibéricaPeer reviewe

    All-cause mortality in the cohorts of the Spanish AIDS Research Network (RIS) compared with the general population: 1997Ł2010

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    Abstract Background: Combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) has produced significant changes in mortality of HIVinfected persons. Our objective was to estimate mortality rates, standardized mortality ratios and excess mortality rates of cohorts of the AIDS Research Network (RIS) (CoRIS-MD and CoRIS) compared to the general population. Methods: We analysed data of CoRIS-MD and CoRIS cohorts from 1997 to 2010. We calculated: (i) all-cause mortality rates, (ii) standardized mortality ratio (SMR) and (iii) excess mortality rates for both cohort for 100 personyears (py) of follow-up, comparing all-cause mortality with that of the general population of similar age and gender. Results: Between 1997 and 2010, 8,214 HIV positive subjects were included, 2,453 (29.9%) in CoRIS-MD and 5,761 (70.1%) in CoRIS and 294 deaths were registered. All-cause mortality rate was 1.02 (95% CI 0.91-1.15) per 100 py, SMR was 6.8 (95% CI 5.9-7.9) and excess mortality rate was 0.8 (95% CI 0.7-0.9) per 100 py. Mortality was higher in patients with AIDS, hepatitis C virus (HCV) co-infection, and those from CoRIS-MD cohort (1997. Conclusion: Mortality among HIV-positive persons remains higher than that of the general population of similar age and sex, with significant differences depending on the history of AIDS or HCV coinfection

    Revisiting the age of the First Iron Age in the eastern Iberian Peninsula from archeomagnetic dating results

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    Trabajo presentado en la International Conference on Rock Magnetism, celebrada en Utrech (Países Bajos) del 10 al 14 de julio de 2017One of the most important applications of the study of geomagnetic field variations in the recent past is archeomagnetic dating. This method is based on the comparison between well-established regional geomagnetic field secular variation curves or models and the archeomagnetic signal acquired and preserved by well-heated archeological structures. In this work we illustrate how this method can provide a powerful tool to date archeological remains that can not be properly dated by other archeological and geochronological methods. In particular, we present the archeomagnetic study of several archeological kilns sampled in two archeological sites from the Eastern part of the Iberian Peninsula. The studied kilns clearly correspond to the First Iron Age, period that has been classically dated in the Iberian Peninsula between 675 and 575 BC based on ceramic typology studies. However, new archeological evidences challenge this classical view since the impressive number of cultural and technological advances recently discovered in different archeological excavations can be hardly ascribed to this very short interval of time, suggesting that the First Iron Age in this region corresponds probably to a longer period of time. In order to test this hypothesis we apply here the archeomagnetic dating method and present the dating results obtained from both regional secular variation curves and geomagnetic field models.Peer reviewe

    Estudio arqueomagnético del yacimiento del Cerro de los Almadenes (Otero de Herreros, Segovia)

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    Trabajo presentado en el IX Congreso Geológico de España, celebrado en Huelva (España), del 12 al 14 de septiembre de 2016El objetivo de este trabajo es mejorar la curva patrón de variación paleosecular (PSVC) de la Península Ibérica, aportando un dato más en una época en la que apenas hay datos arqueomagnéticos en Iberia: el periodo Tardorromano-Alta Edad Media. Para ello se han estudiado las propiedades magnéticas y la estructura de la remanencia magnética de dos hornos del yacimiento del Cerro de los Almadenes, localizado en Otero de Herreros (Segovia). Se ha realizado la desimanación sistemática por campos alternos decrecientes de 16 especímenes, aislando adecuadamente la dirección característica y obteniendo una dirección media de buena precisión. Los resultados obtenidos se incorporarán al catálogo de datos arqueomagnéticos de Iberia. Por otra parte, se ha comparado la datación por termoluminiscencia realizada previamente, siendo de 498 d.C ± 95 años, con la datación arqueomagnética obtenida en este estudio: 431d.C - 517d.C., comprobando la validez de la técnica así como de la aproximación regional y el uso del modelo SCHA.DIF.3k.Peer reviewe

    Variaciones rápidas de la intensidad del campo geomagnético en el Mediterráneo: Caracterización a partir de yacimientos del Bronce final y de cerámicas finas tardoromanas. Estudio preliminar

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    Trabajo presentado en la X Reunión de la Comisión de Paleomagnetismo de la Sociedad Geológica de España, celebrada del 14 al 17 de septiembre de 2017 en el valle del río Grío, Zaragoza (España)Estudios recientes realizados en distintas regiones como Oriente Medio o Europa (Gallet et al., 2003; Shaar et al., 2016, Gómez-Paccard et al., 2016, entre otros) han mostrado que el campo magnético terrestre ha experimentado en el pasado reciente fuertes sacudidas de su intensidad en escalas de tiempo multidecadales. Debido a la escasez de datos de paleointensidad de alta calidad, las características y orígenes de estos eventos no están aún claros. El objetivo principal que nos proponemos en este trabajo es investigar la variabilidad temporal y espacial de los dos máximos de intensidad más importantes ocurridos en Europa durante los últimos milenios: el máximo del final de la edad del Bronce y la fluctuación rápida del periodo Romano tardío (Ertepinar et al., 2012; Gómez-Paccard et al., 2016). Para ello se obtendrán nuevos datos de intensidad a partir de hornos, hogares y cerámicas procedentes de 35 contextos arqueológicos de la zona del Mediterráneo de cronología bien determinada y correspondiente a los periodos mencionados. Para obtener datos de intensidad de alta calidad se aplicará el método clásico de Thellier (Thellier y Thellier, 1959) incluyendo tests de alteración (los llamados pTRM checks), y se realizarán las correcciones de anisotropía de la termoremanencia y de la velocidad de enfriamiento. Este método se basa principalmente en calentar y enfriar los especímenes a diferentes temperaturas en presencia de un campo magnético controlado y uniforme de intensidad conocida. Este proceso se repite dos veces por cada temperatura, uno aplicando el campo en el eje Z positivo y otro en negativo. Cada dos etapas de temperatura se realizará un pTRM check con el objetivo de investigar si se generan o destruyen minerales debido a procesos químicos producidos durante el calentamiento de las muestras en el laboratorio. Se estudiarán varias muestras por contexto y varios especímenes por muestra. Los nuevos datos que se obtendrán cumplirán, por tanto, estándares estrictos de calidad. También se realizarán estudios de magnetismo de rocas con el fin de identificar los principales minerales portadores de la magnetización. En este trabajo se mostrarán los resultados preliminares de paleointensidad obtenidos para tres localidades estudiadas en Grecia: Dikili-Tash (DT), Mochlos (MLO) y Velika (VE) y se expondrá las implicaciones de los resultados obtenidos en el contexto del estudio de las variaciones rápidas de intensidad.Peer reviewe

    A 2000-yr long absolute paleointensity record for South America: new data from NW Argentina

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    National audienceA good characterization of geomagnetic field strength changes in the Southern Hemisphere is crucial to disentangle the multi-centennial evolution of the South Atlantic Anomaly, one of the most important geomagnetic features observed on the Earth´s surface nowadays. High-quality records of the absolute paleointensity of the geomagnetic field can only be retrieved from baked archaeological materials and volcanic rocks. However, and despite recent efforts, the number of absolute paleointensities from the Southern Hemisphere remains very low, data are concentrated in the last 1000 years and the majority of available results do not meet modern standard criteria of quality. As a consequence, a considerable grade of uncertainty surrounds geomagnetic field intensity reconstructions from the Southern Hemisphere. Here, we present 41 new high-quality absolute paleointensities obtained from the study of archaeological materials from central South America (Figure 1). The new dataset reveals relatively low and steady intensities during the first millennium AD, contrasting with several periods of fast (multi-decadal) intensity changes during the second millennia AD, including the dramatic decay of field intensity observed since about two centuries and associated to the strengthening of the South Atlantic Anomaly in South America.

    A 2000-yr long absolute paleointensity record for South America: new data from NW Argentina

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    National audienceA good characterization of geomagnetic field strength changes in the Southern Hemisphere is crucial to disentangle the multi-centennial evolution of the South Atlantic Anomaly, one of the most important geomagnetic features observed on the Earth´s surface nowadays. High-quality records of the absolute paleointensity of the geomagnetic field can only be retrieved from baked archaeological materials and volcanic rocks. However, and despite recent efforts, the number of absolute paleointensities from the Southern Hemisphere remains very low, data are concentrated in the last 1000 years and the majority of available results do not meet modern standard criteria of quality. As a consequence, a considerable grade of uncertainty surrounds geomagnetic field intensity reconstructions from the Southern Hemisphere. Here, we present 41 new high-quality absolute paleointensities obtained from the study of archaeological materials from central South America (Figure 1). The new dataset reveals relatively low and steady intensities during the first millennium AD, contrasting with several periods of fast (multi-decadal) intensity changes during the second millennia AD, including the dramatic decay of field intensity observed since about two centuries and associated to the strengthening of the South Atlantic Anomaly in South America.

    Revisiting the chronology of the Early Iron Age in the north-eastern Iberian Peninsula

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    International audienceThe chronology of the Late Bronze Age and the earliest stages of the Iron Age in the Mediterranean is an important topic of debate since the study of both local social dynamics and trade and colonial activity around the Mediterranean requires obviously well-established chronological frameworks. However, the exact chronology of the Early Iron Age in the Mediterranean region is still a problematic issue today since different, and in some cases unbalanced, sources of information (historical texts, material culture sequences, and radiocarbon dating results) are used. The NE Iberian Peninsula is not an exception and different time periods are proposed in the literature for the Early Iron Age. Here, and in order to provide a new and an independent input to feed this debate, we apply the archeomagnetic dating method to four archeological hearths from the Sant Jaume Complex, a set of several Early Iron Age archeological sites located in the north-eastern part of the Iberian Peninsula. The archeomagnetic dating results suggest that the abandonment of the studied structures (that can be linked to the abandonment of the archeological sites) most probably occurred before 650 BC, and therefore invalidate the age commonly ascribed to the Early Iron Age sites in this area. Our study provides, hence, new evidences that the traditional view of human settlement development in the NE Iberian Peninsula should be revisited

    SCHA.DIF.4k: 4,000 years of paleomagnetic reconstruction for Europe and its application for dating

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    Since the publication of the European archaeomagnetic field model SCHA.DIF.3k in 2009, the number of paleomagnetic data derived from archaeological materials such as baked clays and volcanic rocks coming from Europe has increased by about 90% for directions and around 180% for intensities. Taking advantage of this increase, here we provide an updated regional archaeomagnetic model, called SCHA.DIF.4k, for the European continent and adjacent areas and now covering the last four millennia. To model the three geomagnetic elements, declination, inclination, and intensity, we use the regional R-SCHA2D technique in space and temporal basis of cubic splines. A critical selection of the archaeomagnetic and volcanic data available in a spherical cap of 30° centered at 40°N latitude and 10°E longitude has been considered. In addition, in order to better constrain the behavior of the archaeomagnetic field during the last centuries, we include the historical data of the HISTMAG compilation. The new regional model allows us to better define the paleomagnetic field over Europe as well as to generate new paleosecular variation curves for archaeomagnetic dating purposes. Using these curves, the dating precision has been estimated for the last 4 kyr. As expected, results show that it strongly depends on the data uncertainties, the temporal data distribution and the behavior of the geomagnetic field itself. In addition, the use of the full vector geomagnetic field, instead of the directional information exclusively, provides more precise archaeomagnetic dating results
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