The Journalist Discourse on Political Corruption. A Comparative Analysis of the SQM case in Chile and the Bárcenas case in Spain

Este artículo empírico analiza cualitativamente el tratamiento periodístico de la corrupción política en España y en Chile. Concretamente, se centra en el caso chileno “Soquimich” y en el caso español “Bárcenas”. Para ello, se compara el discurso noticioso de los diarios chilenos El Mercurio y La Tercera y de los periódicos españoles El País y El Mundo en relación a los siguientes ejes: 1) Rol de los personajes y caracterización de los mismos y 2) Estrategias discursivas subyacentes en el discurso mediático. Si bien existen diferencias en la cobertura noticiosa en ambos países, los resultados obtenidos permiten concluir que el tratamiento de la corrupción es simplificado e incompleto. Eso se debe a que los relatos analizados se focalizan en los “corruptos” sin cuestionar las verdaderas raíces de la corrupción.This empirical article analyzes qualitatively press coverage of political corruption in Spain and Chile. Specifically, the study focuses on the Chilean case “Soquimich” and in the Spanish case “Barcenas”. For this purpose, the news discourse of Chilean daily El Mercurio and La Tercera and Spanish newspapers El País and El Mundo were compared regarding the following axes: 1) Role of the characters and characterization of them and 2) Discursive strategies underlayed by the media discourse. While there are differences in news coverage of corruption in both countries, the results obtained indicate that treatment of corruption is simplified and incomplete. That is because the stories analyzed are focused on corrupt —the particular characters— without questioning the real roots of corruption

Regional Study on Social Dimensions of MPA Practice in Central America: Cases Studies from Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica and Panamá

This research focuses on the social dimensions of marine conservation, and makes an assessment of the experiences of coastal and fishing communities with regard to the governance of MPAs in North America (Central America); based on case studies from Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica and North America (Central America)-Panama;. It examines the national contexts of the above countries in relation to the governance of MPAs. Furthermore, it analyzes the social impacts of MPAs on coastal communities by gathering the experiences and the voices of the communities and institutions involved, and reflects on how to build bridges in the search for forms and models of conservation that respect human rights and which are able to successfully integrate into local development efforts without affecting cultural and/or social patterns. To this end, this monograph looks at nine case studies across the region: in Honduras, the Islas de la Bahia-Guanaja Marine National Park, the Cayos Cochinos Marine Archipelago Natural Monument, and the Cuero and Salado Wildlife Refuge; in Nicaragua, the Chacocente Wildlife Refuge; in North America (Central America)-Costa Rica; the Guanacaste Conservation Area, the Ballena Marine National Park and the Golfo Dulce Responsible Fishing Area; and, in North America (Central America)-North America (Central America)-Panama; the Nargana Protected Area, in the Comarca de la Biosfera Guna-Yala, the Bastimentos Island Marine National Park, and Bocas del Toro

El Virus de la Destrucción, o la defensa de lo inútil

Is science and culture a commodity?, Have we transformed what once was sacred –or a symbol of the domination by the religion–, in a new tool for collective control? Is techno-science a field slave of free market to subvert the masses, rather than to generate social significant operations? Film, art, video games, the technical image as it would be called by Vilem Flusser, in relation to Paul Virilio dromology and liquid modernity of Zygmunt Bauman, show a series of techno-political conditions that determine the hybrid military technology and society, where language is a kind of destructive virus, where the useless and the voluntary suspension of logic seem in this context, the only temporary autonomous zones of common sense.¿Es la ciencia y la cultura un bien de consumo?, ¿hemos transformado lo que alguna vez vez fue sagrado –o símbolo de la dominación mediante la religión–, en un nueva herramienta de control colectivo? ¿es la tecno ciencia un campo de acción esclava del libre mercado para subvertir a las masas, mas que para generar operaciones de trascendencia social? Cine, arte, video juegos, la imagen técnica como la llamaría Vilem Flusser, en relación a la dromología de Paul Virilio y a la modernidad liquida de Zygmunt Bauman, evidencianuna serie de condiciones tecnopoliticas que determinan el híbrido tecnología militar y sociedad, donde el lenguaje es una especie de virus de la destrucción, donde lo inútil y la suspensión voluntaria de la lógica parecen en este contexto, las únicas zonas autónomas temporales del sentido común.A ciência e a cultura são bens de consumo? Transformamos aquilo que foi sagradoalguma vez –ou símbolo da dominação mediante a religião– em uma nova ferramentade controle coletivo? É a tecno ciência um campo de ação escrava do livre mercado paraalterar às massas, mas que para gerar operações de transcendência social?Cinema, arte, jogos de vídeo, a imagem técnica como a chamaria Vilem Flusser, em relaçãoà dromologia de Paul Virilio e a modernidade líquida de Zygmunt Bauman, evidenciamuma série de condições tecno-políticas que determinam o híbrido tecnologia militar esociedade, onde a linguagem é como um vírus da destruição, e onde o inútil e a suspensãovoluntária da lógica parecem neste contexto as únicas zonas autônomas temporais dosenso comum

El mayor error de ETA: El atentado de Hipercor a través de la prensa

El tema de la investigación se centrará en analizar el tratamiento informativo que hicieron algunos de los diarios españoles más relevantes a nivel nacional y regional sobre el Atentado de Hipercor que tuvo lugar en Barcelona el 19 de junio de 1987. En concreto los periódicos nacionales seleccionados serán ABC y El País, ambos con sede en Madrid y en lados opuestos del espectro ideológico, mientras que también se analizará La Vanguardia, con sede en Barcelona. En definitiva, este estudio tiene como objetivo principal conocer cómo uno de actos terroristas más recordados por su envergadura, y la polémica sobre el desalojo que le siguió, impactó en la sociedad española de finales de los 80 y cómo los medios se hicieron eco de dicho suceso, dados los recientes antecedentes de la banda y su brazo político, Herri Batasuna.Universidad de Sevilla. Grado en Periodism

Condiciones orgánicas y correlaciones de fuerza del movimiento estudiantil chileno.: Una aproximación desde la Confech (2011-2015)*

This paper aims at analyzing the organizational changes in the Confederation of Chilean Students (CONFECH) in the period 2011-2015 and the complexities of the process of institutionalization in the context of the government of Sebastián Piñera and the subsequent administration of Michelle Bachelet. It argues, in the main, that the processes of growth and fragmentation of space CONFECH have generated an increase in the cost of decision-making and collective coordination has become more complex political management capacity of the Executive Board

Efecto de las fluctuaciones internas en el crecimiento del cultivo de Azotobacter vinelandii y en la síntesis de alginato

A stochastic description of the effects of internal fluctuations on the biomass growth of A. vinelandii in a bioreactor, is given in terms of anonlinear master equation (ME). We use van Kampen’s systematic expansion method to obtain an approximate but analytic solution of theME. We predict the time behavior of the average values of the concentrations of biomass, alginate and sucrose, as well as the fluctuationsof biomass around its average value, for different values of dissolved oxygen tension (DOT). We optimize the values of some of theparameters involved in the stochastic and dynamic equations, so that the statistical average error between theoretical and experimental resultsfor both, average and fluctuations, is a minimum. We compare our analytical results for these quantities with those reported experimentalmeasurements for A. vinelandii. We find that the total quadratic average error varies between 0.17-0.29. The scope, advantages and limitations of our approachare discuss.Se presenta una descripción estocástica de los efectos debidos a las fluctuaciones internas en el crecimiento de la biomasa de A. vinelandiien un birreactor en términos de una ecuación maestra no lineal (ME). Se utiliza el método de desarrollo sistemático de van Kampen paraobtener una solución analítica, pero aproximada de la ME. Se deduce el comportamiento temporal de los promedios de las concentracionesde biomasa, alginato y sacarosa, asícomo el de sus fluctuaciones alrededor de los valores medios, para diferentes valores de la tensión deoxígeno disuelto (DOT). Se optimizan los valores de algunos de los parámetros que aparecen en las ecuaciones estocásticas y dinámicas,de manera que el error estadístico promedio entre resultados teóricosy experimentales sea mínimo tanto para los promedios como para lasfluctuaciones. Se comparan los resultados analíticos para estas cantidades con los valores experimentales reportados para A. vinelandii.Se encuentra que el error cuadráticopromedio total varía entre 0.17-0.29. Se discutenlos alcances, ventajas ylimitaciones de este enfoque

Relations fecal coliforms/ fecal Streptococci as indicators of the origin of fecal pollution in urban and rural water bodies of Temuco, Chile

The presence of alloctone bacteria is considered as one of the more important biological pollutants of water bodies, existing one close relation between the fecal contamination indicators and the existence of urban and industrial zones. In the present study we utilized indicators of fecal contamination (coliforms and streptococci) and the coliform/streptococci index (FC/FE) for determine the origin of fecal pollution in two water bodies of Temuco, Northern Campus at north surrounding of Temuco, and Rucamanque source that is located in a rural zone. It utilized the multiple assays number for obtain the bacteria more probable number in 100 ml of water sample. It was done the correlations between microbiological indicators and physic-chemical variables. The results indicate that both sites have low fecal contamination. It was reported important correlation between fecal coliforms, temperature and pH, but negative correlations with dissolved oxygen. The index (FC/FE) was correlated only with dissolved oxygen. The temperature would have an important regulator role in the coliform growth, whereas the fecal streptococci have high densities at low values of temperature, conductivity and dissolved oxygen. The origin of microbiological pollution was related with the antrophogenic intervention in both studied sited, human origin in Northern Campus, and mixed origin in Rucamanque source. It was suggest the use of index as first approach for identify the origin of fecal pollution

Assessment of pollen dimorphism in populations of Vitis vinifera L. subsp. sylvestris (Gmelin) Hegi in Spain

A comparative scanning electron microscopy study and biometric analysis of pollen of 14 Spanish Vitis vinifera L. subsp. sylvestris (Gmelin) Hegi populations was performed. In all the investigated populations pollen grains show a marked degree of dimorphism. Pollen grains from male flowers are prolate spheroidal and tricolporate in shape, while the pollen grains from female flowers are spheroidal to oval, unaperturate, with no colpi.

Scale Mixture of Rayleigh Distribution

In this paper, the scale mixture of Rayleigh (SMR) distribution is introduced. It is proven that this new model, initially defined as the quotient of two independent random variables, can be expressed as a scale mixture of a Rayleigh and a particular Generalized Gamma distribution. Closed expressions are obtained for its pdf, cdf, moments, asymmetry and kurtosis coefficients. Its lifetime analysis, properties and Rényi entropy are studied. Inference based on moments and maximum likelihood (ML) is proposed. An Expectation-Maximization (EM) algorithm is implemented to estimate the parameters via ML. This algorithm is also used in a simulation study, which illustrates the good performance of our proposal. Two real datasets are considered in which it is shown that the SMR model provides a good fit and it is more flexible, especially as for kurtosis, than other competitor models, such as the slashed Rayleigh distribution

Indirect predictive control techniques for a matrix converter operating at fixed switching frequency

The following paper presents a novel indirect model predictive control strategy for a direct matrix converter (DMC). The direct matrix converter has a large number of available switching states and therefore the implementation of predictive control techniques require high computational resources. In addition, the simultaneous selection of weighting factors for the control of input and output variables of the converter complicates the system tuning. In this paper, two indirect model predictive control strategies are proposed in order to reduce the computational cost and by doing so avoid the use of weighting factors. The proposal is enhanced with a fixed switching frequency strategy in order to improve the performance of the full system. Results confirm the feasibility of the proposal by demonstrating that it is an alternative to classical predictive control strategies for the direct matrix converter.CONACYT – Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologí