Niveles de potencialidad turística en el litoral mexicano situado entre Cabo Corrientes, Jalisco y Pochutla, Oaxaca

In just 19 years of this century, global tourism has reached the greatest dynamism levels relative to any other equivalent period of time. In this regard, the arrival of international tourists showed a 33.7% rise between 2008 and 2017, evidencing the need to open up new tourist markets. In the case of Mexico, the number of international tourists almost doubled between 2009 and 2018; in fact, in this period, the country advanced from a 10th to sixth top destination worldwide. In this context, the government has acknowledged that, in the field of economy, tourism is key for national development; therefore, it has set the identification of new sites for leisure and recreation as a top priority. This work evaluates the tourist potential of the coastal municipalities of the Mexican southwestern Pacific, a region that stretches along the coastline between the states of Jalisco and Oaxaca.En tan sólo 19 años del presente siglo, el turismo global ha alcanzado el mayor dinamismo que en ningún otro período había tenido. Al respecto, entre 2008 y 2017se incrementó en 33.7% la llegada de turistas internacionales, lo cual ha hecho evidente la necesidad de abrir nuevos mercados turísticos. En el caso de México, de 2009 a 2018 el número de turistas internacionales prácticamente se duplicó; de hecho, en estos años el país avanzó del décimo al sexto destino en el mundo. En este contexto, el gobierno reconoce que, en materia de economía, el turismo es pieza clave para el desarrollo nacional, por tanto, establece como prioridad la identificación de nuevos sitios para el ocio y la recreación. Este trabajo evalúa la potencialidad turística de los municipios costeros del Pacífico Sur occidental mexicano; región que se extiende por el litoral ubicado entre los estados de Jalisco y Oaxaca

Edible Lepidoptera in Mexico: Geographic distribution, ethnicity, economic and nutritional importance for rural people

In this paper, we reported the butterflies and moths that are consumed in Mexico. We identified 67 species of Lepidoptera that are eaten principally in their larval stage in 17 states of Mexico. These species belong to 16 families: Arctiidae, Bombycidae, Castniidae, Cossidae, Geometridae, Hepialidae, Hesperiidae, Lasiocampidae, Noctuidae, Nymphalidae, Papilionidae, Pieridae, Pyralidae, Saturniidae, Sesiidae, and Sphingidae. Saturniidae, Pieridae, Noctuidae and Nymphalidae were the more species consumed with 16, 11, 9, and 8 species, respectively. The genera with the largest numbers of species were: Phassus, Phoebis, Hylesia and Spodoptera, with three species. Their local distribution, corresponding to each state of Mexico, is also presented

ELABORACIÓN DE UN PAN CON ADICIÓN DE FLORES COMESTIBLES

En últimas fechas el consumidor se ha dado a la tarea de buscar nuevas alternativas de alimentos; estos deben ser seguros, nutritivos y poseer características sensoriales de calidad. Por tal motivo el consumo de flores (florifagia) está tomando fuerza entre la población. Esta actividad no es reciente ya que, en muchas partes del mundo el consumo de flores comestibles continúa como una tradición (Caballero, 2009). Este proyecto ha sido desarrollado por aprendices de panificación del Sena, cuyo objetivo fue elaborar un producto innovador y saludable, utilizando productos, texturas, sabores y colores con posibles propiedades funcionales que beneficien a los consumidores habituales de este producto. Se emplearon diferentes técnicas y procedimientos para llegar a la estandarización de la fórmula y lograr el aporte funcional. Se obtuvo un producto con buena aceptación entre la comunidad encuestada logrando desarrollar un producto con cualidades innovadoras agradable como una alternativa para aquellas personas consumidoras de pan

Production of extracts with anaesthetic activity from the culture of Heterosigma akashiwo in pilot-scale photobioreactors

The shear-sensitive microalga Heterosigma akashiwo is known to produce brevetoxin-like compounds that are active in voltage-dependent sodium channels. In this work, we present a study on the production of anaesthetic extracts from H. akashiwo biomass obtained in low-shear bioreactors at different growth phases. The photobioreactors (PBRs) used had specific configurations and were operated in such a way as to avoid cellular damage by hydrodynamic stress. Cultures were developed in small static-control flasks and PBRs with volumes ranging from 1.5 L to 200 L. The bioactivity of the produced extracts was assessed in vitro (Neuro-2a cell-based assay) and in vivo (Zebra fish model). Bioactivity depended slightly on the growth phase and culture system, with greater toxicity with the Neuro-2a model when stationary-phase extracts were used. Interestingly, extracts were not cytotoxic against other human cell lines. Steady production of anaesthetic bioactives was observed. In vivo anaesthetic efficacy, assessed with the Zebra fish model, was similar to that of commercial products, and without any observed mortality at 24-h post exposure

Sublethal effect of the toxic dinoflagellate Karlodinium veneficum on early life stages of zebrafish (Danio rerio)

Dinoflagellates of the genus Karlodinium are ichthyotoxic species that produce toxins including karlotoxins and karmitoxins. Karlotoxins show hemolytic and cytotoxic activities and have been associated with fish mortality. This study evaluated the effect of toxins released into the environment of Karlodinium veneficum strain K10 (Ebro Delta, NW Mediterranean) on the early stages of Danio rerio (zebrafish). Extracts of the supernatant of K10 contained the mono-sulfated KmTx-10, KmTx-11, KmTx-12, KmTx-13, and a di-sulfated form of KmTx-10. Total egg mortality was observed for karlotoxin concentration higher than 2.69 μg L−1. For 1.35 μg L−1, 87% of development anomalies were evidenced (all concentrations were expressed as KmTx-2 equivalent). Larvae of 8 days postfertilization exposed to 1.35 µg L−1 presented epithelial damage with 80% of cells in the early apoptotic stage. Our results indicate that supernatants with low concentration of KmTxs produce both lethal and sublethal effects in early fish stages. Moreover, apoptosis was induced at concentrations as low as 0.01 μg L−1. This is of great relevance since detrimental long-term effects due to exposure to low concentrations of these substances could affect wild and cultured fish

Self-assembled cation transporters made from lipophilic 8-phenyl-2'-deoxyguanosine derivatives

We have previously reported that 8-phenyl-2'-deoxyguanosine derivatives (8PhGs) are able to extract metal cations from an aqueous phase into an organic phase. Herein, we report on the ability of 8PhGs to transport metal cations across a bulk lipophilic liquid membrane. The experiments were performed using lithium, sodium, potassium and strontium picrate salts with the parent lipophilic Gi, two isomeric 8PhG derivatives, cis-dicyclohexano-18-crown-6 (DC18C6) and [222] cryptand as reference compounds. The relative amounts of the picrate salts were measured by UV spectroscopy in both the source phase and the receiving phase over a period of 24h. The results show that the transport efficiency of the self-assembled ionophores formed by 8PhGs is either similar or superior to that of DC18C6, and in all but one case higher than the parent compound Gi. The varying efficiencies between the derivatives can be attributed to the stability (kinetic and thermodynamic) and the different molecularities of the supramolecules formed by these 8PhGs. The ease of the synthesis of 8PhGs, their anion-independent assembly and the fact that the transport efficiency can be modulated as a function of the structure of the 8PhGs bode well for the use of such compounds in the development of novel antimicrobial agents and cation-sensing devices. © 2010 Taylor & Francis

Interculturalidad, ciudadanía global y cultura de paz: Aportes desde el saber pedagógico para la educación del siglo XXI

59 páginas. Libro ElectrónicoA los seres humanos nos habita el lenguaje como facultad inherente de la especie. Esta cobra vida a través de distintos sistemas no verbales y verbales para comunicar: la quinésica, la proxémica, los ideogramas, el braile (Louis Braille), las señas, los dibujos, los objetos, los sonidos, las palabras orales o escritas, entre otros. Mediante esta multiplicidad de sistemas de comunicación se teje la memoria de los pueblos, las comunidades y los individuos; se teje la experiencia cultural, social e individual.Primera edició

Cross-national associations between parent and peer communication and psychological complaints

Objectives: To assess whether or not communication with parents and with peers is related to experiencing psychological complaints in an attempt to explore the hypotheses of continuity and compensation or moderation between contexts. Methods: Questions on communication with their parents and peers, as well as on the frequency with which they experience psychological complaints were answered by 200,857 adolescents from 36 countries. Results: A cluster analysis detected four groups of adolescents. Those with better communication in both social contexts were the ones showing less psychological complaints. Moreover, we have found (using a regression analysis) that good communication with peers does not improve their experience of psychological complaints if the communication with parents is not good. Conclusions: We conclude that our findings are consistent with the continuity hypothesis and against the compensating or moderating one

Definición de unidades ambientales de manejo agropecuario (UAM) :el caso del distrito de riego El triángulo del Tolima

El presente artículo resume el desarrollo de un proyecto para establecer Unidad es Ambientales Agropecuarias en el distrito de riego de El Triángulo del Tolima, ubicado en los municipios de Coyaima, Natagaima y Purificación, y es producto del Convenio de Cooperación Técnica No. 108/ 2005 entre INCODER y CORPOICA. Fue ejecutado por el grupo de investigación del Área el Análisis de Entorno y Gestión Territorial de los Centros de Excelencia, Investigación e Innovación Nataima y Tibaitatá

SEROPREVALENCE OF LEPTOSPIROSIS IN ALPACAS FROM QUIMSACHATA, PUNO

El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar la seroprevalencia de leptospirosis en alpacas durante la época de lluvias (enero-marzo) en la localidad Quimsachata, Puno. Se analizaron 344 sueros de alpacas de una estación experimental del Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Extensión Agraria, mediante la prueba de microaglutinación. Se evaluó, además, la asociación de las variables sexo y edad con la reacción a la prueba. El 44.8 ± 5.3% de los animales fueron serorreactores. Los serovares detectados fueron pomona (43.6%), icterohaemorrhagiae (9.9%), y canicola (1.5%), no encontrándose ningún reactor a hardjo. No se encontró ningún suero positivo en tuis; mientras que en adultos no se encontró diferencia significativa entre sexos. Los altos títulos hallados para pomona e icterohaemorrhagiae en estos animales sugieren una infección activa durante la época de lluvia.The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of leptospirosis in alpacas reared in the locality of Quimsachata, Puno during the rainy season (January-March). Serum samples (n=344) of alpacas from the experimental station of the Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Extensión Agraria (INIA) were analyzed using the microaglutination test. The association of age and sex with test results was also evaluated. The overall seroprevalence was 44.8 ± 5.3%. The detected serovars were pomona (43.6%), icterohaemorrhagiae (9.9%), canicola (1.5%), and none for hardjo. Positive samples in young animals («tuis») were nil, whereas in adult animals no statistical differences was found due to sex. The high antibody titres in pomona and icterohaemorrhagiae suggested an active infection during the rainy period