3 research outputs found

    Investigating senescence in cellular plasticity and tissue regeneration

    No full text
    Cellular senescence has mainly been associated with tumor suppression and aging, mediated through cell intrinsic cell-cycle inhibition and arrest. However, through secretion of specific proteins, termed the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), senescent cells can have paradoxical effects, promoting proliferation, invasion or paracrine senescence in neighbouring cells. Additionally, emerging studies showed that cellular senescence is also implicated in complex biological processes such as embryonic development, tissue repair and wound healing. Unexpectedly, we found that primary mouse keratinocytes undergoing oncogene-induced senescence exhibit an increase in stem cell gene expression. Interestingly, this signature can also be induced in normal cells upon transient exposure to the SASP. However, prolonged exposure to the SASP leads to paracrine senescence in vitro as a possible mechanism to counteract the aberrant regenerative stimulation. Together this work suggests that the SASP is a regenerative mechanism that instructs stemness and plasticity, but if left unperturbed can have detrimental effects seen during aging and tumor formation.La senescencia celular ha sido generalmente asociada a la supresi贸n de tumores y al envejecimiento mediante mecanismos intr铆nsecos de inhibici贸n del ciclo celular y arresto proliferativo. Sin embargo, mediante la secreci贸n de prote铆nas espec铆ficas llamadas SASP, las c茅lulas senescentes pueden tener efectos parad贸jicos, promoviendo la proliferaci贸n, la invasi贸n o la senescencia en c茅lulas circundantes de forma paracrina. Adem谩s, estudios recientes han demostrado que la senescencia celular est谩 implicada tambi茅n en otros procesos biol贸gicos como el desarrollo embrionario, la reparaci贸n de tejidos y la cicatrizaci贸n de heridas. Inesperadamente, encontramos que los queratinocitos primarios de rat贸n a los que se les induce senescencia mediante sobreexpresi贸n de un oncog茅n, experimentan un incremento en la expresi贸n de genes de c茅lulas madre. Cabe notar que esta signatura tambi茅n aparece en c茅lulas normales expuestas al SASP. No obstante, una exposici贸n prolongada al SASP in vitro induce senescencia de forma paracrina posiblemente como mecanismo para contrarrestar el exceso de estimulaci贸n regenerativa. En conjunto este trabajo sugiere que el SASP es un mecanismo regenerativo que induce propiedades de c茅lulas madre y plasticidad, pero si persiste puede tener efectos perjudiciales promoviendo el envejecimiento y la formaci贸n de tumores

    Investigating senescence in cellular plasticity and tissue regeneration

    No full text
    Cellular senescence has mainly been associated with tumor suppression and aging, mediated through cell intrinsic cell-cycle inhibition and arrest. However, through secretion of specific proteins, termed the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), senescent cells can have paradoxical effects, promoting proliferation, invasion or paracrine senescence in neighbouring cells. Additionally, emerging studies showed that cellular senescence is also implicated in complex biological processes such as embryonic development, tissue repair and wound healing. Unexpectedly, we found that primary mouse keratinocytes undergoing oncogene-induced senescence exhibit an increase in stem cell gene expression. Interestingly, this signature can also be induced in normal cells upon transient exposure to the SASP. However, prolonged exposure to the SASP leads to paracrine senescence in vitro as a possible mechanism to counteract the aberrant regenerative stimulation. Together this work suggests that the SASP is a regenerative mechanism that instructs stemness and plasticity, but if left unperturbed can have detrimental effects seen during aging and tumor formation.La senescencia celular ha sido generalmente asociada a la supresi贸n de tumores y al envejecimiento mediante mecanismos intr铆nsecos de inhibici贸n del ciclo celular y arresto proliferativo. Sin embargo, mediante la secreci贸n de prote铆nas espec铆ficas llamadas SASP, las c茅lulas senescentes pueden tener efectos parad贸jicos, promoviendo la proliferaci贸n, la invasi贸n o la senescencia en c茅lulas circundantes de forma paracrina. Adem谩s, estudios recientes han demostrado que la senescencia celular est谩 implicada tambi茅n en otros procesos biol贸gicos como el desarrollo embrionario, la reparaci贸n de tejidos y la cicatrizaci贸n de heridas. Inesperadamente, encontramos que los queratinocitos primarios de rat贸n a los que se les induce senescencia mediante sobreexpresi贸n de un oncog茅n, experimentan un incremento en la expresi贸n de genes de c茅lulas madre. Cabe notar que esta signatura tambi茅n aparece en c茅lulas normales expuestas al SASP. No obstante, una exposici贸n prolongada al SASP in vitro induce senescencia de forma paracrina posiblemente como mecanismo para contrarrestar el exceso de estimulaci贸n regenerativa. En conjunto este trabajo sugiere que el SASP es un mecanismo regenerativo que induce propiedades de c茅lulas madre y plasticidad, pero si persiste puede tener efectos perjudiciales promoviendo el envejecimiento y la formaci贸n de tumores

    The senotherapeutic drug ABT-737 disrupts aberrant p21 expression to restore liver regeneration in adult mice

    No full text
    Young mammals possess a limited regenerative capacity in some tissues, which is lost upon maturation. We investigated whether cellular senescence might play a role in such loss during liver regeneration. We found that following partial hepatectomy, the senescence-associated genes p21, p16Ink4a, and p19Arf become dynamically expressed in different cell types when regenerative capacity decreases, but without a full senescent response. However, we show that treatment with a senescence-inhibiting drug improves regeneration, by disrupting aberrantly prolonged p21 expression. This work suggests that senescence may initially develop from heterogeneous cellular responses, and that senotherapeutic drugs might be useful in promoting organ regeneration.Work in the Keyes lab was funded in part by grants from the Spanish Ministry for Economy and Competitiveness (SAF2013-49082-P), La Fondation Recherche Medicale (FRM) (AJE20160635985), Fondation ARC (PJA20181208104), IDEX Attractivit茅-University of Strasbourg (IDEX2017), and La Fondation Schlumberger pour l'Education et la Recherche (FSER) (FSER 19-Year 2018), and ANR (ANR-19-CE13-0023-03). Work was also supported by grant ANR-10-LABX-0030-INRT, a French State fund managed by the Agence Nationale de la Recherche under the frame program Investissements d'Avenir (ANR-10-IDEX-0002-02
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