Subject-verb agreement in real time: active feature maintenances as syntactic prediction.

179 p.The current dissertation tests whether the long-distance subject-verb establishment is maintained active over the course of the sentence, by maintaining morphosyntactic information such as syntactic category and number features. To this end, we looked at how the maintained representation affects the interpolated elements, focusing on two effects that the maintained features might generate: similarity-based interference and disambiguation. We performed four eye-tracking experiments (reading and visual world paradigm) and showed that subject-verb dependency establishment is characterized by active maintenance of the subject's category feature (English and Spanish experiments) and number feature (Basque experiments). Our effects, which occur prior to the integration site (the verb), can be ascribed to the top-down pre-activation mechanisms and thus syntactic prediction. Importantly, this implies that subject-verb agreement occurs in real-time sentence comprehension, i.e. it is psychologically real

Finding identity in the midst of ambiguity: case and number disambiguation in Basque

Published online: 02 Mar 2020Restrictive contextual information has been found to bias syntactic disambiguation, when only one alternative leads to a meaningful interpretation. The current study tests whether disambiguation can be influenced by nonrestrictive cues – when several alternatives are equally plausible. We first evaluated if modifier number biased the disambiguation of number- and case-ambiguous nouns in Basque. In a noun phrase comprehension paradigm, ambiguous noun number judgments were biased by preceding modifier number. Then, using a preamble completion paradigm, we examined whether headnoun disambiguation and thus sentence completion was also biased by modifier number. Our results suggest that nonrestrictive information (singular and plural number) can affect disambiguation. We also report task differences in the overall interpretation of ambiguous Basque nouns, as well modifier-induced agreement errors. We suggest that the parser uses any available context information when there is ambiguity, including preceding modifier markings.This research was partially funded by the following grants: PRE_2015_1_0320, PRE_2016_2_0070, PRE_2017_2_0079, PRE_2018_2_0074 (B.R.), as well as PI_2016_1_0014 (N.M.) by Eusko Jaurlaritza, PSI2015-65694-P and RTI2018-096311-B-I00 (N.M), as well as RYC-2017-22015 and FFI2016-76432- P_LAMPT (S.M.), funded by the Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO), the Agencia Estatal de Investigación (AEI) and the Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER), as well as the Centro de Excelencia Severo Ochoa grant SEV-2015- 0490

Maintenance cost in the processing of subject-verb dependencies

Published Jun 2022Although research in sentence comprehension has suggested that processing long-distance dependencies involves maintenance between the elements that form the dependency, studies on maintenance of long-distance subject–verb (SV) dependencies are scarce. The few relevant studies have delivered mixed results using self-paced reading or phoneme-monitoring tasks. In the current study, we used eye tracking during reading to test whether maintaining a long-distance SV dependency results in a processing cost on an intervening adverbial clause. In Experiment 1, we studied this question in Spanish and found that both go-past reading times and regressions out of an adverbial clause to the previous regions were significantly increased when the clause interrupts a SV dependency compared to when the same clause doesn’t interrupt this dependency. We then replicated these findings in English (Experiment 2), observing significantly increased go-past reading times on a clause interrupting a SV dependency. The current study provides the first eye-tracking data showing a maintenance cost in the processing of SV dependencies cross-linguistically. Sentence comprehension models should account for the maintenance cost generated by SV dependency processing, and future research should focus on the nature of the maintained representation.This research was partially funded by Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad, Agencia Estatal de Investigación & Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional Grants PSI2015-65694-P, and RTI2018-096311-B-I00 to Nicola Molinaro, and RYC-2017–22015 and FFI2016-76432-P_LAMPT to Simona Mancini; by Eusko Jaurlaritza Grants PI_2016_1_0014 to Nicola Molinaro, PRE_2018_2_0074 and EP_2018_1_0042 to Bojana Ristic; and by Agencia Estatal de Investigación’s Severo Ochoa excellence program Grant SEV2015– 0490 to the Basque Center on Cognition, Brain and Language

HERSUS [Commendation at 44th Salon of Architecture]

HERSUS (Enhancing of Heritage Awareness and Sustainability of Built Environment in Architectural and Urban Design Higher Education) is Erasmus + Strategic Partnerships for higher education which brings together five Universities from Serbia, Italy, Cyprus, Greece, and Spain working together on the design and development of the courses while disseminating knowledge through international training courses, workshops, and a jointly built Sharing Platform

Subject-verb agreement in real time: active feature maintenances as syntactic prediction.

179 p.The current dissertation tests whether the long-distance subject-verb establishment is maintained active over the course of the sentence, by maintaining morphosyntactic information such as syntactic category and number features. To this end, we looked at how the maintained representation affects the interpolated elements, focusing on two effects that the maintained features might generate: similarity-based interference and disambiguation. We performed four eye-tracking experiments (reading and visual world paradigm) and showed that subject-verb dependency establishment is characterized by active maintenance of the subject's category feature (English and Spanish experiments) and number feature (Basque experiments). Our effects, which occur prior to the integration site (the verb), can be ascribed to the top-down pre-activation mechanisms and thus syntactic prediction. Importantly, this implies that subject-verb agreement occurs in real-time sentence comprehension, i.e. it is psychologically real

Polyaniline thin films in sensors for detection of toxic welding vapors

In this paper the possibilities of applying sensors based on filters with surface acoustic waves (SAW) for the detection of harmful products in welding processes are analyzed. This review discusses the sensing mechanism and configurations of the sensors. The principles of SAW sensors are considered with special emphasis on the application of conducting polyaniline nanocomposites as sensitive thin layers in sensors for the detection of CO, NO2, and COCl2. The literature suggests the use of In2O3 as a dopant for CO and NO2 detection sensors, and ethylenediamine and phenylenediamine in COCl2 sensors. The paper presents original results of modeling of sensors that are designed for detection of CO and NO2 for which there are experimental data in the literature. The results obtained based on this model are in excellent agreement with results from the literature, which shows the validity of modeling. Based on the developed modeling methods, calculations were done for sensors for the detection of these gases in which the structure was the surface of quartz. From these modeling results it can be concluded that the use of the quartz substrate provides better sensitivity. In addition, the quartz sensors are thermally stable.U radu su analizirane mogućnosti primene senzora u čijoj osnovi se nalaze filtri sa površinskim akustičkim talasom (PAT), za detekciju štetnih produkata u procesu zavarivanja. Objašnjeni su principi rada PAT senzora sa posebnim osvrtom na primenu elektroprovodnih polianilinskih nanokompozitnih materijala – polianilin/In2O3 i etilendiamin i fenilendiamin polianilinskih nanokompozita kao osetljivih tankih slojeva za detekciju CO, NO2 i COCl2. Prikazan je deo originalnih rezultata modelovanja PAT senzora koji su namenjeni detekciji pomenutih gasova. Rezultati dobijeni na bazi sopstvenog modela poređeni su sa rezultatima iz literature. Pokazano je da se ovim na činom modelovanja može uspešno odrediti koncentracija štetnih gasova u okruženju

Global Impact of COVID-19 on Colorectal Cancer Screening: Current Insights and Future Directions

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has brought significant challenges to many aspects of healthcare delivery since the first reported case in early December 2019. Once in the body, SARS-CoV-2 can spread to other digestive organs, such as the liver, because of the presence of ACE2 receptors. Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains the second-leading cause of death in the United States (US). Therefore, individuals are routinely screened using either endoscopic methods (i.e., flexible sigmoidoscopy and colonoscopy) or stool-based tests, as per the published guidelines. At the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) recommended that all non-urgent surgical and medical procedures, including screening colonoscopies, be delayed until the pandemic stabilization. This article aims to review the impact of COVID-19 on CRC screening