Primordial non-Gaussianity with Angular correlation function: Integral constraint and validation for DES

Local primordial non-Gaussianity (PNG) is a promising observable of the underlying physics of inflation, characterised by $f_{\rm NL}^{\rm loc}$. We present the methodology to measure $f_{\rm NL}^{\rm loc}$ from the Dark Energy Survey (DES) data using the 2-point angular correlation function (ACF) with scale-dependent bias. One of the focuses of the work is the integral constraint. This condition appears when estimating the mean number density of galaxies from the data and is key in obtaining unbiased $f_{\rm NL}^{\rm loc}$ constraints. The methods are analysed for two types of simulations: $\sim 246$ GOLIAT-PNG N-body small area simulations with $f_{\rm NL}$ equal to -100 and 100, and 1952 Gaussian ICE-COLA mocks with $f_{\rm NL}=0$ that follow the DES angular and redshift distribution. We use the ensemble of GOLIAT-PNG mocks to show the importance of the integral constraint when measuring PNG, where we recover the fiducial values of $f_{\rm NL}$ within the $1\sigma$ when including the integral constraint. In contrast, we found a bias of $\Delta f_{\rm NL}\sim 100$ when not including it. For a DES-like scenario, we forecast a bias of $\Delta f_{\rm NL} \sim 23$, equivalent to $1.8\sigma$, when not using the IC for a fiducial value of $f_{\rm NL}=100$. We use the ICE-COLA mocks to validate our analysis in a realistic DES-like setup finding it robust to different analysis choices: best-fit estimator, the effect of IC, BAO damping, covariance, and scale choices. We forecast a measurement of $f_{\rm NL}$ within $\sigma(f_{\rm NL})=31$ when using the DES-Y3 BAO sample, with the ACF in the $1\ {\rm deg}<\theta<20\ {\rm deg}$ range.Comment: Version after MNRAS reviewer comments. Improved discussion in Section 7. 16 pages, 11 figure

Transcription Factor Activity Inference in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Background: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a systemic autoimmune disease with diverse clinical manifestations. Although most of the SLE-associated loci are located in regulatory regions, there is a lack of global information about transcription factor (TFs) activities, the mode of regulation of the TFs, or the cell or sample-specific regulatory circuits. The aim of this work is to decipher TFs implicated in SLE. Methods: In order to decipher regulatory mechanisms in SLE, we have inferred TF activities from transcriptomic data for almost all human TFs, defined clusters of SLE patients based on the estimated TF activities and analyzed the differential activity patterns among SLE and healthy samples in two different cohorts. The Transcription Factor activity matrix was used to stratify SLE patients and define sets of TFs with statistically significant differential activity among the disease and control samples. Results: TF activities were able to identify two main subgroups of patients characterized by distinct neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), with consistent patterns in two independent datasets—one from pediatric patients and other from adults. Furthermore, after contrasting all subgroups of patients and controls, we obtained a significant and robust list of 14 TFs implicated in the dysregulation of SLE by different mechanisms and pathways. Among them, well-known regulators of SLE, such as STAT or IRF, were found, but others suggest new pathways that might have important roles in SLE. Conclusions: These results provide a foundation to comprehend the regulatory mechanism underlying SLE and the established regulatory factors behind SLE heterogeneity that could be potential therapeutic targets

Changes in stream power and morphological adjustments at the event-scale and high spatial resolution along an ephemeral gravel-bed channel

[EN] Sediment budgets and morphological channel adjustments are closely related to changes in stream power. In ephemeral channels, whose geomorphic response depends on the magnitude and frequency of hydrological events isolated in time, such relationships are often difficult to establish. This study sought to quantitatively relate morphological adjustments to stream power along different reference channel reaches for the period 2018¿2020 in the Azohía Rambla, a Mediterranean gravel-bed ephemeral stream in southeastern Spain. Very high resolution digital terrain models (VHR DTM) (at 1 to 2.5 cm pixel size), combined with ortophotographs and 3D point clouds, generated via SfM photogrammetry and terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) for pre- and post-event stages, together with ground-based surveys were used to estimate the spatial variability of morphological sediment budgets and to assess channel bed mobility and changes in net sediment flux during the study period in two spatial scenarios: reference channel reaches (RCRs) and pilot bed survey areas (PBSAs). The hydraulic variables (flow velocity, Froude number, shear stress, mean stream power and energy gradient, among other) were estimated using a 1D hydrodynamic model calibrated with field information. The high resolution maps allowed a spatially-explicit analysis of stream power and transport efficiency in accordance with the areas of erosion and deposition in each RCR. The incision and bed armoring processes showed different trends according to the stream power (¿), cumulative excess energy (¿c), and relative bed stability (RBS). The greatest morphological adjustments at the event scale coincided with ¿ values above 300W m¿2, ¿c higher than 3 MJ, and RBS below 0.5. The relationships between the mean stream power gradient at peak flood discharges and the changes in bed elevation verified the bed aggradation (an average surface raising of 0.17 to 0.22 m for ¿¿/¿s of ¿6.2 to ¿14.5Wm¿2 m¿1) during the major flood and bed scour (average surface lowering of 0.16 to 0.19 m for ¿¿/¿s of 5.8 to 10.6 W m¿2 m¿1) in the moderated events at the bankfull and sub-bankfull stages. Furthermore, this study contributes new relevant data to the scarce existing literature on the relationships between stream power and morphosedimentary adjustments in a fluvial system highly sensitive and resilient to climate change, as is the case of ephemeral gravel-bed channels.This work has been financed by ERDF/Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities-State Research Agency (AEI) /Project CGL2017-84625-C2-1-R (CCAMICEM) ; State Program for Research, Development and Innovation oriented to the Challenges of Society, and by the University of Alicante (Project GRE18-15) . We also would like to extend our thanks to AEMET and the Segura River Hydrographic Confederation Center (SHC) , Government of Spain, for their collaboration.Conesa-Garcia, C.; Puig-Mengual, C.; Riquelme, A.; Tomás, R.; Martinez-Capel, F.; Garcia-Lorenzo, R.; Pastor, JL.... (2022). Changes in stream power and morphological adjustments at the event-scale and high spatial resolution along an ephemeral gravel-bed channel. Geomorphology. 398:1-25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2021.10805312539

Immunomodulatory Properties of Masticadienonic Acid and 3&alpha;-Hydroxy Masticadienoic Acid in Dendritic Cells

Dendritic cells are antigen-presenting cells, which identify and process pathogens to subsequently activate specific T lymphocytes. To regulate the immune responses, DCs have to mature by the recognition of TLR ligands, TNF&alpha; or IFN&gamma;. These ligands have been used as adjuvants to activate DCs in situ or in vitro, with toxic effects. It has been shown that some molecules affect the immune system, e.g., Masticadienonic acid (MDA) and 3&alpha;-hydroxy masticadienoic acid (3&alpha;-OH MDA) triterpenes naturally occurring in several medicinal plants, since they activate the nitric oxide synthase in macrophages and induce T lymphocyte proliferation. The DCs maturation induced by MDA or 3a-OH MDA was determined by incubating these cells with MDA or 3&alpha;-OH MDA, and their phenotype was afterwards analyzed. The results showed that only 3&alpha;-OH MDA was able to induce DCs maturation. When mice with melanoma were inoculated with DCs/3&alpha;-OH MDA, a decreased tumor growth rate was observed along with an extended cell death area within tumors compared to mice treated with DCs incubated with MDA. In conclusion, it is proposed that 3&alpha;-OH MDA may be an immunostimulant molecule. Conversely, it is proposed that MDA may be a molecule with anti-inflammatory properties

Las trayectorias de investigadoras e investigadores del CONICET 1985-2020 : promociones, perspectiva de género y comportamientos por campo científico

En el libro se analiza la carrera CICyT con una noción dinámica de trayectoria, en la que se identifican características del acceso, la permanencia y la promoción de acuerdo con el género, la disciplina y las regiones geográficas. Se parte del supuesto que las políticas de evaluación moldean trayectorias. De esta manera, se busca comprender la naturaleza y particularidades de la evaluación a lo largo de diferentes momentos históricos del pais.Fil: Adrogué, Cecilia. Universidad de San Andrés. Departamento de Economía; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Fischer, Melina Andrea. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Unidad Presidencia. Gerencia de Evaluación y Planificación. Dirección de Planificación y Evaluación Institucional; ArgentinaFil: Formichella, Maria Marta. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Instituto de Investigaciones Económicas y Sociales del Sur. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Economía. Instituto de Investigaciones Económicas y Sociales del Sur; ArgentinaFil: Garcia, Ana Maria. Centro de Estudios de Estado y Sociedad; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Goldberg, Mariela Noemi. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Unidad Presidencia. Gerencia de Evaluación y Planificación. Dirección de Planificación y Evaluación Institucional; ArgentinaFil: Jeppesen, Cynthia Verónica. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Unidad Presidencia. Gerencia de Evaluación y Planificación. Dirección de Planificación y Evaluación Institucional; ArgentinaFil: Marquina, Monica Maria. Universidad Nacional de Tres de Febrero. Núcleo Interdisciplinario de Formación y Estudios para el Desarrollo de la Educación; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Diego, Cesar Adrian. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Unidad Presidencia. Gerencia de Evaluación y Planificación. Dirección de Planificación y Evaluación Institucional; ArgentinaFil: Naidorf, Clara Judith. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Filosofía y Letras. Instituto de Ciencias de la Educación; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Paz, Jorge Augusto. Universidad Nacional de Salta. Facultad de Ciencias Económicas, Jurídicas y Sociales. Instituto de Estudios Laborales y del Desarrollo Económico; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Riquelme, Graciela Clotilde. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Filosofía y Letras. Instituto de Ciencias de la Educación; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Sassera, Jorgelina Silvia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Filosofía y Letras. Instituto de Ciencias de la Educación; ArgentinaFil: Yuni, Jose Alberto. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnologico Conicet Noa Sur. Instituto Regional de Estudios Socio-culturales. - Universidad Nacional de Catamarca. Instituto Regional de Estudios Socio-culturales.; Argentin

CIAO: wavefront sensors for GRAVITY

International audienc

CIAO: wavefront sensors for GRAVITY

International audienc