Microgravity Science and technology

NRC publication: Ye

Is magnetic resonance imaging texture analysis a useful tool for cell therapy in vivo monitoring?

International audienceAssessment of anti-tumor treatment efficiency is usually done by measuring tumor size. Treatment may however induce changes in the tumor other than tumor size. Magnetic Resonance Imaging Texture Analysis (MRI-TA) is presently used to follow activated lymphocyte cell therapy. We used a 7T microimager to acquire high-resolution MR images of an experimental liver metastasis from colon carcinoma in rats treated (n = 4) or not (n = 3) with a cell therapy product. MRI-TA was then performed with Linear Discriminant Analysis and showed: i) a significant variation of tumor texture with tumor growth and ii) a significant modification in the texture of tumors treated with activated lymphocytes compared with untreated tumors. T2-weighted images or volume calculation did not evidence any difference. MRI-TA appears as a promising method for early detection and follow-up of response to cell therapy

Prognostic and predictive values of oncogenic BRAF, NRAS, c-KIT and MITF in cutaneous and mucous melanoma

International audienc

Valeur pronostique de la sous-classification pT3 des tumeurs de la voie excrétrice urinaire supérieure localisées dans les cavités pyélocalicielles

National audienceObjectifs Évaluer la valeur pronostique de la sous-classification pT3 des tumeurs de la voie excrétrice supérieure (TVEUS) localisées dans les cavités pyélocalicielles. Méthodes Une relecture centralisée des lames anatomopathologiques de 89 patients diagnostiqués avec une TVEUS pT3 localisée dans les cavités pyélocalicielles a été réalisée afin de distinguer les tumeurs pT3a (infiltration microscopique du parenchyme rénal) et pT3b (infiltration macroscopique du parenchyme rénal et/ou infiltration de la graisse péri-pyélique). Les survies sans récidive spécifique et globale en fonction de la sous-classification pT3 des TVEUS ont été analysées en utilisant des courbes de Kaplan-Meier et le test du Log-rank. Des analyses uni- et multivariées ont été réalisées afin d’identifier les facteurs prédictifs de récidive, mortalité spécifique et mortalité globale. Résultats Au total, 48 (54 %) et 41 (46 %) tumeurs ont été classées pT3a et pT3b, respectivement. Les patients diagnostiqués avec une tumeur pT3b présentaient un risque plus important d’invasion lymphovasculaire (p = 0,002) ou de métastases ganglionnaires (p = 0,01). Les survies sans récidive (44 % vs 63 % ; p = 0,001) et spécifique (53 % vs 65 % ; p = 0,03) à 5 ans étaient significativement plus faibles chez patients présentant une tumeur pT3b. En analyse multivariée, le stade pT3b était un facteur prédictif indépendant de récidive tumorale (HR = 1,7 ; p = 0,001) et de décès spécifique (HR = 1,5 ; p = 0,003). Cependant, la sous-classification pT3 n’était pas significativement corrélée à la mortalité globale (HR = 1,1 ; p = 0,16) Conclusion Le pronostic des TVEUS pT3 localisées dans les cavités pyélocalicielles est corrélé à l’importance de l’infiltration du parenchyme rénal et de la graisse péri-pyélique. Cette sous-classification pourrait permettre d’identifier les patients présentant un risque plus important de récidive ou de décès spécifique afin d’adapter les indications de traitement adjuvan

Clinicopathological spectrum of renal parenchymal involvement in B-cell lymphoproliferative disorders

International audienceThe clinicopathological characteristics of kidney infiltration in B-cell lymphoproliferative disorders remain poorly described. We retrospectively studied 52 adults with biopsy-proven malignant B-cell kidney infiltration, including Waldenström's macroglobulinemia (n=21), chronic lymphocytic leukemia (n=11), diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) (n=8), other lymphoma (n=11), and multiple myeloma (n=1). Kidney disease varied according to the underlying lymphoproliferative disorder. In DLBCL, malignant kidney infiltration was prominent, resulting in acute kidney injury (AKI, 75%) and kidney enlargement (88%). In the other types, associated immunoglobulin-related nephropathy (most commonly AL amyloidosis) was more common (45%), and chronic kidney disease with proteinuria was the primary presentation. All patients received chemotherapy. Over a median follow-up of 31 months, 20 patients died and 21 reached end-stage kidney disease. Renal response, achieved in 25 patients (48%), was associated with higher overall survival (97 vs. 37 months in non-renal responders). In univariate analysis, percentage of sclerotic glomeruli, kidney enlargement, and complete hematological response at 6 months were predictive of renal response. In multivariate analysis, concomitant immunoglobulin-related nephropathy was the sole independent predictor of poor renal outcome. In conclusion, clinical presentation of renal lymphomatous infiltration depends on the nature of the underlying lymphoproliferative disorder. In DLBCL, massive renal infiltration manifests with enlarged kidneys and AKI, and the diagnosis primarily relies on lymph node biopsy. In other B-cell lymphoproliferative disorders, the clinicopathological spectrum is more heterogeneous, with a high frequency of immunoglobulin-related nephropathy that may affect renal outcome; thus kidney biopsy is required for early diagnosis and prognostic assessment. © 2019 International Society of Nephrolog

Estudo citofotométrico da expressão dos marcadores tumorais Ki-67 e CD34 no adenocarcinoma de próstata

OBJETIVO: Quantificar a porcentagem da imunomarcação no índice de marcagem e densidade óptica do Ki-67 e CD34 no adenocarcinoma de próstata e compará-las entre si. MÉTODOS: Foram estudados, através de imunoistoquímica, o Ki-67 e o CD34 em 34 casos de adenocarcinoma de próstata provenientes de prostatectomia radical no período de 2000 a 2005 realizado no Hospital Regional do Gama em Brasília. Estes marcadores foram quantificados através do software SAMBA 4000 ® Sistema de Análise Microscópica de Busca Automática e do software IMMUNO® para análise das variáveis índice de marcagem e densidade óptica. Para avaliação da associação entre as expressões do marcador, foi estimado o coeficiente de correlação de Spearman. Para a comparação do tipo de lesão, foi usado o teste t de Student em amostras pareadas e não paramétrico de Wilcoxon. RESULTADOS: Dos 34 blocos que foram para leitura dos marcadores tumorais, 15 marcaram expressão com Ki-67, 34 com CD34 e 14 com ambos os marcadores. O índice de marcagem do CD34 teve valor mediano de 72,72%, valor mínimo 5,14% e valor máximo 88,81%. O índice de marcagem do Ki-67 teve mediana de 73,78%, mínimo de 16,87% e máximo de 87,47%. A densidade óptica do CD34 teve mediana de 48,33, mínimo de 35,65 e máximo de 85,86. Na densidade óptica do Ki-67 o valor da mediana foi 40,03 sendo a mínima de 21,53 e a máxima de 52,43. CONCLUSÃO: A expressão citofotométrica do Ki-67 teve índice médio de marcação de 64,04% e o CD34 de 61,64%. A expressão citofotométrica da densidade óptica média do Ki-67 foi de 39,49 e no CD34 de 53,69. Há diferença significativa entre a imunomarcação do Ki-67 e CD34 em relação à densidade óptica (p=0,025), não havendo diferença significativa no índice de marcagem (p=0,470)