Extraction of Proteins by Winsor III Microemulsion Systems

Purification of proteins by microemulsion was improved through use of a 3-phase (“Winsor-III”) microemulsion system instead of the traditionally employed 2-phase (“Winsor-II”) water-in-oil microemulsion system. As a consequence, two of the main problems of the traditional method were improved: the low and slow rate of recovery of proteins encapsulated by the microemulsions and the low protein solubilization capacity of the microemulsions. Microemulsion systems employed a mixture of surfactants, two pH-degradable “cyclic ketal” alkyl ethoxylates (O-[(2-tridecyl, 2-ethyl-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl) methoxy]–O’- methoxy poly(ethylene glycol)n , where n, the average degree of polymerization for the ethoxylate group, equaled 3.0 or 5.45, CK3 and CK7, respectively) and Aerosol-OT (AOT). CK7’s ethoxylate size has broad molecular weight distribution. Partitioning behavior of CK7 molecules as a function of their ethoxylate size, temperature, and the addition of a second surfactant (AOT, CK3, or octyl β-D-glycoside) were investigated. A semi-empirical thermodynamic mathematical model was developed to calculate the phase inversion temperature (PIT) for a surfactant mixture of a specified composition. This information is useful to find the optimal Winsor-III for protein extraction. Finally different Winsor-III systems formed by water, isooctane and surfactant mixtures of CK7, CK3 and AOT were tested in forward extraction of α-chymotrypsin, cytochrome-c, lysozyme, BSA and pepsin. Three approaches were used to obtain Winsor- III systems suitable for forward extraction: employment at 40°C, addition of a more hydrophobic surfactant (CK3, 25°C), and the addition of 1.5 wt. % NaCl (aq) to increase the ionic strength (25°C). Protein concentrations achieved in microemulsion phase were 10 times higher than values reported in the literature for extraction by Winsor-II microemulsion systems. Back extraction was tested for α-chymotrypsin, cytochrome-c, and lysozyme. Aqueous striping solutions used for back extraction contained either a high ionic strength (5 wt. % NaCl) or a high pH (12.0). Back-extraction was fast and total recovery of the activity for α-chymotrypsin was achieved. Other proteins have smaller percentage of mass recovery in the conditions tested but comparable with yields reported in the literature for microemulsion-based extraction

Numerical Simulation of Different Splitter Angles of a Pelton Bucket to Increase the Power Generated by The Pelton Wheel

The efficiency of a Pelton turbine depends mostly on its geometry. A design with suitable dimensions, offers higher generation of energy. However, some of these dimensions are underappreciated because of their low influence. Therefore, this study presents through a recompilation of data, the simulation was developed in ANSYS 19®. The importance of taking in count each parameter of the geometry of a Pelton bucket, analysing in this work the influence of the splitter angle in the force generated by a bucket. Nine geometries of a Pelton bucket are developed with splitter angles between 17 and 25°. The most suitable angle is determined, finding through the simulations that the geometry of 23° generates more force than other geometries. Simplifying the geometry and the mesh can generate faster results, however, exaggerating in the meshing process will affect the reliability of the obtained results

Numerical Simulation of Different Splitter Angles of a Pelton Bucket to Increase the Power Generated by The Pelton Wheel

The efficiency of a Pelton turbine depends mostly on its geometry. A design with suitable dimensions, offers higher generation of energy. However, some of these dimensions are underappreciated because of their low influence. Therefore, this study presents through a recompilation of data, the simulation was developed in ANSYS 19®. The importance of taking in count each parameter of the geometry of a Pelton bucket, analysing in this work the influence of the splitter angle in the force generated by a bucket. Nine geometries of a Pelton bucket are developed with splitter angles between 17 and 25°. The most suitable angle is determined, finding through the simulations that the geometry of 23° generates more force than other geometries. Simplifying the geometry and the mesh can generate faster results, however, exaggerating in the meshing process will affect the reliability of the obtained results

Control del efectivo en la organización Talentum

Síntesis AplicadaSíntesis Aplicada en Talentum SAS, consistió en identificar los riesgo en el manejo de efectivo, en valorar y analizar los informes financieras para conocer la situación actual financiera de la organización y poder proponer alternativas que mejorarán optima y eficientemente dicha situación financiera y en especial en el departamento de cartera de la organización.RESUMEN. INTRODUCCIÓN 1. DESCRIPCIÓN Y FORMULACIÓN DEL PROBLEMA 2. OBJETIVOS 3. DATOS DE LA INSTITUCIÓN 4. FACTORES DE RIESGO EN LA GESTIÓN DE CARTERA 5. VALORACIÓN INFORMES FINANCIEROS 6. PROPUESTA 7. CONCLUSIONES 8. RECOMENDACIONES BIBLIOGRAFÍAEspecializaciónEspecialista en Análisis y Administración Financier

Predicting invasive breast cancer versus DCIS in different age groups.

BackgroundIncreasing focus on potentially unnecessary diagnosis and treatment of certain breast cancers prompted our investigation of whether clinical and mammographic features predictive of invasive breast cancer versus ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) differ by age.MethodsWe analyzed 1,475 malignant breast biopsies, 1,063 invasive and 412 DCIS, from 35,871 prospectively collected consecutive diagnostic mammograms interpreted at University of California, San Francisco between 1/6/1997 and 6/29/2007. We constructed three logistic regression models to predict the probability of invasive cancer versus DCIS for the following groups: women ≥ 65 (older group), women 50-64 (middle age group), and women < 50 (younger group). We identified significant predictors and measured the performance in all models using area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC).ResultsThe models for older and the middle age groups performed significantly better than the model for younger group (AUC = 0.848 vs, 0.778; p = 0.049 and AUC = 0.851 vs, 0.778; p = 0.022, respectively). Palpability and principal mammographic finding were significant predictors in distinguishing invasive from DCIS in all age groups. Family history of breast cancer, mass shape and mass margins were significant positive predictors of invasive cancer in the older group whereas calcification distribution was a negative predictor of invasive cancer (i.e. predicted DCIS). In the middle age group--mass margins, and in the younger group--mass size were positive predictors of invasive cancer.ConclusionsClinical and mammographic finding features predict invasive breast cancer versus DCIS better in older women than younger women. Specific predictive variables differ based on age

Mi casa

Pasadas ya las nuevas normalidades que trajo consigo la pandemia de COVID-19, nos quedan aún los síntomas creativos que se desprendieron de meses de vaivén entre los adentros y los afueras, las virtualidades y las tangibilidades. "Mi casa" del compositor, guitarrista, docente y cantor popular Eze Ortiz, fue producido parcialmente en estos contextos de resistencia(s) y emergencia(s) sanitaria. Este gesto creativo como grito de supervivencia(s) habla de las nuevas formas de producción de la música popular argentina, donde el home studio convive con las jornadas de ocho o más horas en grandes control rooms y peceras de estudios platenses. Mi casa consta de seis canciones cuya instrumentación varía a lo largo del disco. La guitarra, la voz y la palabra ocupan un lugar preponderante.Reseña del disco "Mi casa". Eze Ortiz. 2023. Producción Fonográfica Eze Ortiz.Facultad de Arte

Retos para la democracia en el nuevo contexto de IA e IoT:

El contexto de las democracias contemporáneas comenzó a cambiar hace años con el desarrollo exponencial de los medios de comunicación y de las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación (TIC). A ello se sumó la irrupción de internet y, en la actualidad, la inteligencia artificial (IA) y el internet de las cosas (IoT por sus siglas en inglés) están propiciando cambios de gran calado en todos los órdenes sociales. Este artículo parte de la pregunta sobre las implicaciones del contexto marcado por la IA y el IoT para la democracia y, en concreto, para el ejercicio de la ciudadanía. Para tratar de responderla, se expone en un primer término lo que ha significado este nuevo contexto para los mecanismos de participación, poniendo el acento en los cambios en la relación entre la ciudadanía y la Administración Pública. A continuación, se exponen los retos que este nuevo escenario plantea para la Administración Pública. Por último, se discute la posibilidad de que este nuevo contexto esté determinando la configuración de un nuevo tipo de ciudadanía

Influence of recycled aggregate quality from precast rejection on mechanical properties of self-compacting concrete

The use of coarse aggregates from crushing pre-existing concrete in the manufacturing of new concrete needs experimental results to validate its influence in the properties of the new concrete elements. In the present study we assessed the impact of using different proportions of replacement up to 100% of natural aggregates with recycled aggregates in the concrete properties; moreover, the effect of pre-treatments of pre-saturation, washing and the aggregates’ source (from precast concrete rejected pieces and construction and demolition waste) was analysed. The best results were obtained with dry and washed recycled aggregates, the compressive strength increment was between the 8 and 17% compared to conventional concrete. Results also pointed out that recycled aggregate that exclusively comes from precast concrete pieces lead to a better concrete mechanical characteristic than the aggregates which origin is construction and demolition waste. In addition, a clear relationship between the percentage of recycled aggregate substitution and the workability and mechanical performance of self-compacting concrete is observed. The results presented in this paper allow to state that precast concrete factories can recycle their rejected elements into recycled coarse aggregates for manufacturing new products, this will allow to protect the environment by reducing the need of raw material consumption and the C&DW landfill

New amphiphilic semi-interpenetrating networks based on polysulfone for anion-exchange membrane fuel cells with improved alkaline and mechanical stabilities

As considerable advance has recently been made in enhancing the conductivity of anion-exchange membranes, durability has become the critical requirement in the development of fuel cells. Such properties often develop at the expense of the other. In this work, new amphiphilic semi-interpenetrating networks composed of free polysulfone and crosslinked polysulfone are synthesized for the first time. The same nature of both polymers makes them highly compatible. The free polymer provides the hydrophobic component, whereas the crosslinked polysulfone, functionalized with trimethylammonium, 1-methylimidazolium, or 1,2-dimethylimidazolium groups, is responsible for the ionic conductivity. The compatibility between both components in the blend, improves the mechanical properties, while unaffecting the transport properties. Thus, the obtained membranes exceed the mechanical behaviour of commercial materials, even in conditions of extreme humidity and temperature. The tensile strength of these synthesized membranes can reach to relatively high values, and when compared to the commercial PSU, the difference in tensile strength can be noted to be as low as 10%. Moreover, the tensile strength and the ductility values of the crosslinked PSU are higher than those obtained with non-crosslinked PSU. Furthermore, the membranes presented in this work show a great alkaline stability (e.g. semi-interpenetrating network containing 1,2-dimethylimidazolium maintains 87% of the ionic conductivity after 14 days of treatment). Thus, these membranes provide an improvement in the durability limiting factors, in comparison to functionalized polysulfones, fulfilling the requirements to be used as electrolytes in anion-exchange membrane fuel cells.We thank Agencia Estatal de Investigación (AEI)/Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER/UE) for funding the project MINECO (MAT2016-78632-C4-3-R, and PID-2019-106662RB-C43) which supported this work. We also wish to thank the project from the Regional Government (Comunidad de Madrid through PEM4ENERGY-CM-UC3M)