La situación residencial de la población inmigrante en Andalucía

En este artículo se describe la situación residencial en Andalucía de los inmigrantes procedentes de países menos desarrollados. Basándonos en datos de una reciente encuesta representativa, llevamos a cabo un examen pormenorizado de las situaciones de ausencia de vivienda digna en esta población, haciendo especial hincapié en establecer definiciones claras e indicadores transparentes. Los resultados confirman la existencia de una situación residencial gravemente deficiente de una proporción importante de los inmigrantes asentados en zonas de agricultura intensiva, sobre todo en la provincia de Almería. Sin embargo, a diferencia de otros estudios, concluimos que aproximadamente cuatro de cada cinco inmigrantes asentados en Andalucía disponen de una vivienda digna.Peer Reviewe

Introduction: Using Innovative Technologies to Tackle Methodological Challenges in Migration Research

In this introductory chapter, the editors suggest that the increasing need for rigorous data on international migration warrants enhanced co-operation between migration scholars, survey methodologists, and data scientists. Innovative information and communication technology, it is argued, may contribute substantially to improving the design and implementation of migrant surveys, and digital trace data may complement traditional data sources in promising ways. These claims are substantiated in nine contributions, all of which are based on first-hand experience with data collection and processing. Some chapters discuss innovative strategies for improving sample designs and resolving survey design issues, whereas others address the emerging role of large-scale datasets that were generated for reasons alien to migration research

Introductory Chapter: Why Do We Need Rapid Detection of Pathogens?

Biotechnolog

Conclusion: Migration Research in Times of Ubiquitous Digitization

In this concluding chapter, the book’s editors stress the epochal status of the digital revolution and urge migration scholars to leverage innovative information and communication technology for enhancing their research designs. New technological options may contribute significantly to improving the viability and quality of researcher-defined data collections, yet their full potential comes to bear with regard to massive datasets generated by third parties, such as digital trace data. Since the center of gravity of social studies is predicted to shift increasingly towards the repurposing of such accrued data, migration researchers are advised to seek close cooperation with data scientists. In addition to methodological pluralism and interdisciplinary collaboration, the editors emphasize the need for ethical safeguards and accountability as major challenges this ongoing transformation entails

Biosensors for the detection of antibiotic residues in milk

Milk and dairy products are important nutrients for all age groups. However, the use of antibiotics for the treatment of food-producing animals generates the risk to human health, as these compounds and their metabolites can be transferred into milk. Rapid testing of the presence of antibiotics in raw milk to grant its quality has become a major task for farmers and dairy industry. The conventional analytical methods are either too slow or do not enable quantitative detection of antibiotic residues, so alternative methods that are rapid, cost effective, and easy to perform should be considered. The present chapter gives an overview of the recent developments and issues of the construction of different biosensors for the detection of antibiotic residues in milk

Effect of Nitrogen Fertilizer on Quality of Malting Barley

Kvaliteetse õlle saamiseks on vajalik, et õlleoder vastaks kindlatele kvaliteedinõuetele. Seega on odra kasvatamisel oluline jälgida kindlaid nõudeid. Käesoleva töö eesmärk on uurida lämmastikväetise mõju olulisust õlleodra kvaliteedinäitajatele nagu terade idanemisenergia, toorproteiini sisaldus ja tuhande tera mass. Töö tulemusena selgus, et eri katselappidel oli odra keskmine idanemisenergia vahemikus 65 - 98%, keskmine tooproteiini sisaldus vahemikus 8,8 - 12,9% ning 1000 tera mass vahemikus 42 - 47 g. Erinevate väetusvariantidega saadud odraproovide näitajate analüüsimiseks ja võrdlemiseks ning lämmastikväetiste mõju iseloomustamiseks kasutati kahefaktorilist dispersioonanalüüsi ning Tukey’ testi. Dispersioonanalüüsil selgus, et mineraalse lämmastikväetise normide suurenemisel vähenes oluliselt idanemisenergia. Toorproteiini sisaldus kasvas mineraalse lämmastiku mõjul oluliselt, eriti siis, kui seda kasutati rohkem kui 120 kgN/ha, samas sõnniku järelmõju oli toorproteiini sisaldusele mitteoluline. Komposti mõju terade toorproteiini sisaldusele oli Tukey’ testi alusel väheoluline. 1000 tera massile oli lämmastikväetise mõju mitteoluline. Töö tulemuste alusel selgus, et õlleodra kõrgete kvaliteedinäitajate saavutamiseks on odra kasvatamisel soovitatav kasutada võimalikult vähe mineraalset lämmastikväetist (kuni 40 kgN/ha) ning ka orgaanilise väetise kogus võiks olla madal. Saadud tulemused on kooskõlas ka varasemate andmetega. Tulemuste kasutatavuse laiendamiseks võiks katseid korrata pikema ajaperioodi vältel ning ka teiste odrasortidega.Malting barley should meet specific requirements of quality, so it is essential to follow optimal conditions of growth during the production barley. The aim of the present thesis is to study the effect of nitrogen rate on the malting barley's quality parameters, like germination energy, crude protein content and thousand grain weight. The average germination energy was in the range 65 - 98%, average crude protein content between 8.8 - 12.9% and thousand grain weight between 42 - 47 g.We used variance analysis and Tukey’s test to compare the effect of different fertilization schemes on the individual parameters of malting barley quality. Based on the variance analysis, the increase of the amount of mineral nitrogen fertilizer significantly decreased the germination energy. The crude protein content increased significantly due to the increase of nitrogen rate, especially if the nitrogen rate was over 120 kgN/ha; the aftereffect of manure on crude protein content was insignificant. The effect of compost on crude protein was according to Tukey's test insignificant. Thousand grain weight did not depend on nitrogen rate. We found that for the production of high quality malting barley it is necessary to apply as few mineral nitrogen fertilizer as possible (up to 40 kgN/ha) and also keep minimal the amount of compost. The obtained results are in good correlation with earlier data. The broaden the application range, it is recommended to carry out similar studies during longer period and with different varieties of barley

Challenges and Applications of Impedance-Based Biosensors in Water Analysis

Monitoring of the environment is a global priority due to the close connection between the environmental pollution and human health. Many analytical techniques using various methods have been developed to detect and monitor the levels of pollutants (pesticides, toxins, bacteria, drug residues, etc.) in natural water bodies. The latest trend in modern analysis is to measure pollutants in real-time in the field. For this purpose, biosensors have been employed as cost-effective and fast analytical techniques. Among biosensors, impedance biosensors have significant potential for use as simple and portable devices. These sensors involve application of a small amplitude AC voltage to the sensor electrode and measurement of the in-/out-of-phase current response as a function of frequency integrated with some biorecognition element on the sensing electrodes that can bind to the target, modifying the sensor electrical parameters. However, there are some drawbacks concerning their selectivity, stability, and reproducibility. The aim of this paper is to give a critical overview of literature published during the last decade based on the development issues of impedimetric biosensors and their applicability in water analysis