1,752 research outputs found
Polar type density of states in non-unitary odd-parity superconducting states of gap with point nodes
It is shown that the density of states (DOS) proportional to the excitation
energy, the so-called polar like DOS, can arise in the odd-parity states with
the superconducting gap vanishing at points even if the spin-orbit interaction
for Cooper pairing is strong enough. Such gap stuructures are realized in the
non-unitary states, F_{1u}(1,i,0), F_{1u}(1,varepsilon,varepsilon^{2}), and
F_{2u}(1,i,0), classified by Volovik and Gorkov, Sov. Phys.-JETP Vol.61 (1985)
843. This is due to the fact that the gap vanishes in quadratic manner around
the point on the Fermi surface. It is also shown that the region of quadratic
energy dependence of DOS, in the state F_{2u}(1,varepsilon,varepsilon^{2}), is
restricted in very small energy region making it difficult to distinguish from
the polar-like DOS.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures, submitted to J. Phys.: Condens. Matter Lette
Measurement of miniband parameters of a doped superlattice by photoluminescence in high magnetic fields
We have studied a 50/50\AA superlattice of GaAs/AlGaAs
composition, modulation-doped with Si, to produce
cm electrons per superlattice period. The modulation-doping was tailored
to avoid the formation of Tamm states, and photoluminescence due to interband
transitions from extended superlattice states was detected. By studying the
effects of a quantizing magnetic field on the superlattice photoluminescence,
the miniband energy width, the reduced effective mass of the electron-hole
pair, and the band gap renormalization could be deduced.Comment: minor typing errors (minus sign in eq. (5)
Neutron-induced background in the CONUS experiment
CONUS is a novel experiment aiming at detecting elastic neutrino nucleus
scattering in the fully coherent regime using high-purity Germanium (Ge)
detectors and a reactor as antineutrino () source. The detector setup
is installed at the commercial nuclear power plant in Brokdorf, Germany, at a
very small distance to the reactor core in order to guarantee a high flux of
more than 10/(scm). For the experiment, a good
understanding of neutron-induced background events is required, as the neutron
recoil signals can mimic the predicted neutrino interactions. Especially
neutron-induced events correlated with the thermal power generation are
troublesome for CONUS. On-site measurements revealed the presence of a thermal
power correlated, highly thermalized neutron field with a fluence rate of
(74530)cmd. These neutrons that are produced by nuclear
fission inside the reactor core, are reduced by a factor of 10 on
their way to the CONUS shield. With a high-purity Ge detector without shield
the -ray background was examined including highly thermal power
correlated N decay products as well as -lines from neutron
capture. Using the measured neutron spectrum as input, it was shown, with the
help of Monte Carlo simulations, that the thermal power correlated field is
successfully mitigated by the installed CONUS shield. The reactor-induced
background contribution in the region of interest is exceeded by the expected
signal by at least one order of magnitude assuming a realistic ionization
quenching factor of 0.2.Comment: 28 pages, 28 figure
Transport Properties of d-Wave Superconductors in the Vortex State
We calculate the magnetic field dependence of quasiparticle transport
properties in the vortex state of a d-wave superconductor arising solely from
the quasiparticle's Doppler shift in the superflow field surrounding the
vortex. Qualitative features agree well with experiments on cuprate and heavy
fermion superconductors at low fields and temperatures. We derive scaling
relations in the variable valid at sufficiently low temperatures
and fields , but show that these relations depend on the scattering
phase shift, and are in general fulfilled only approximately even in the clean
limit, due to the energy dependence of the quasiparticle relaxation time.Comment: 5 pages, 2 Postscript figure
Theory of exciton-exciton correlation in nonlinear optical response
We present a systematic theory of Coulomb interaction effects in the
nonlinear optical processes in semiconductors using a perturbation series in
the exciting laser field. The third-order dynamical response consists of
phase-space filling correction, mean-field exciton-exciton interaction, and
two-exciton correlation effects expressed as a force-force correlation
function. The theory provides a unified description of effects of bound and
unbound biexcitons, including memory-effects beyond the Markovian
approximation. Approximations for the correlation function are presented.Comment: RevTex, 35 pages, 10 PostScript figs, shorter version submitted to
Physical Review
Absorption spectrum of a weakly n-doped semiconductor quantum well
We calculate, as a function of temperature and conduction band electron
density, the optical absorption of a weakly n-doped, idealized semiconductor
quantum well. In particular, we focus on the absorption band due to the
formation of a charged exciton. We conceptualize the charged exciton as an
itinerant excitation intimately linked to the dynamical response of itinerant
conduction band electrons to the appearance of the photo-generated valence band
hole. Numerical results for the absorption in the vicinity of the exciton line
are presented and the spectral weights associated with, respectively, the
charged exciton band and the exciton line are analyzed in detail. We find, in
qualitative agreement with experimental data, that the spectral weight of the
charged exciton grows with increasing conduction band electron density and/or
decreasing temperature at the expense of the exciton.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figure
Identifying the pairing symmetry in the Sr2RuO4 superconductor
We have analyzed heat capacity and thermal conductivity measurements of
Sr2RuO4 in the normal and superconducting state and come to the conclusion that
an order parameter with nodal lines on the Fermi surface is required to account
for the observed low-temperature behavior. A gapped order parameter is
inconsistent with the reported thermodynamic and transport data. Guided by a
strongly peaked dynamical susceptibility along the diagonals of the Brillouin
zone in neutron scattering data, we suggest a spin-fluctuation mechanism that
would favor the pairing state with the gap maxima along the zone diagonals
(such as for a d_{xy} gap). The most plausible candidates are an odd parity,
spin-triplet, f-wave pairing state, or an even parity, spin-singlet, d-wave
state. Based on our analysis of possible pairing functions we propose
measurements of the ultrasound attenuation and thermal conductivity in the
magnetic field to further constrain the list of possible pairing states.Comment: 7 pages, 5 figures; updated list of references and extended
introduction; to appear in Phys. Rev. B (Oct. 2000
Spin splitting in a polarized quasi-two-dimensional exciton gas
We have observed a large spin splitting between "spin" and
heavy-hole excitons, having unbalanced populations, in undoped GaAs/AlAs
quantum wells in the absence of any external magnetic field. Time-resolved
photoluminescence spectroscopy, under excitation with circularly polarized
light, reveals that, for high excitonic density and short times after the
pulsed excitation, the emission from majority excitons lies above that of
minority ones. The amount of the splitting, which can be as large as 50% of the
binding energy, increases with excitonic density and presents a time evolution
closely connected with the degree of polarization of the luminescence. Our
results are interpreted on the light of a recently developed model, which shows
that, while intra-excitonic exchange interaction is responsible for the spin
relaxation processes, exciton-exciton interaction produces a breaking of the
spin degeneracy in two-dimensional semiconductors.Comment: Revtex, four pages; four figures, postscript file Accepted for
publication in Physical Review B (Rapid Commun.
Single Hole Green's Functions in Insulating Copper Oxides at Nonzero Temperature
We consider the single hole dynamics in a modified model at finite
temperature. The modified model includes a next nearest () and next-next
nearest () hopping. The model has been considered before in the zero
temperature limit to explain angle resolved photo-emission measurements. We
extend this consideration to the case of finite temperature where long-range
anti-ferromagnetic order is destroyed, using the self-consistent Born
approximation. The Dyson equation which relates the single hole Green's
functions for a fixed pseudo-spin and for fixed spin is derived. The Green's
function with fixed pseudo-spin is infrared stable but the Green's function
with fixed spin is close to an infrared divergency. We demonstrate how to
renormalize this Green's function in order to assure numerical convergence. At
non-zero temperature the quasi-particle peaks are found to shift down in energy
and to be broadened.Comment: 7 pages, RevTex, 5 Postscript figure
Near-field spectroscopy of a gated electron gas: a direct evidence for electrons localization
The near-field photoluminescence of a gated two-dimensional electron gas is
measured. We use the negatively charged exciton, formed by binding of an
electron to a photo-excited electron-hole pair, as an indicator for the local
presence of charge. Large spatial fluctuations in the luminescence intensity of
the negatively charged exciton are observed. These fluctuations are shown to be
due to electrons localized in the random potential of the remote ionized
donors. We use these fluctuations to image the electrons and donors
distribution in the plane.Comment: 10 pages, 5 figures, to be published in PR
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