Community Structure of Seagrass Meadows in Mantehage Island Waters, North Sulawesi

Research on the structure of seagrass communities in the waters of the island Mantehage was conducted in September 2010. The purpose of this study is to collect data and information on the structure of seagrass communities. Observations includes the identification seagrass species, measuring the number of individual/stand, cover percentage of each type/species on the transect. 6 types of seagrass found, i.e. Enhalus acoroides, Halophila ovalis, Thalassia hemprichii, Thalassodendron ciliatum, Cymodocea rotundata and Syringodium isoetifolium. Seagrass species composition and distribution varies at each location and is dominated by the presence of Thalassia hemprichii (48.14%) with coverage percentage ranges between 15.91% to 35.11%. Diversity index values ranged from 0.79 to 1.69 ; evenness index between 0.57 to 0.94 and the index of dominance between 0.20 to 0.56. In conclusion, the condition of seagrass meadows in Mantehage island is relatively good and can support marine life adequately

In situ spectroscopy of the solar corona

Context. Future spacecraft missions, such as the proposed Solar Probe mission, will venture close to the Sun, allowing spectrometers measuring emission from heavy ions or neutrals in the solar wind to have radial lines of sight (LOS) pointing away from the Sun, or indeed in any direction other than sunwards. Aims. We show that a radial LOS gives excellent solar wind diagnostics, with tight constraints on ion density, outflow velocity, and effective temperature parallel to the coronal magnetic field. In addition, we present the concept that a spectrometer onboard a spacecraft reaching the solar corona can yield measurements somewhat similar to an in situ sampling instrument, in that the 3D velocity distribution and density of the emitting ions can be measured. Methods. The well-studied O VI doublet at 1031.96 and 1037.6 Å and the H Ly-α line at 1215.67 Å are chosen as examples. Solar wind parameters obtained from a 2D three-fluid magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) model, and formulations for collisional and radiative emission along a radial LOS, are used to calculate spectral line profiles for these lines at various heights within a streamer and coronal hole. Results. For O VI, the collisional line profiles directly measure the ion velocity distribution in the radial direction, with the general Doppler shift of the profiles related to the bulk ion outflow velocity and the width of the line related to the effective ion temperature parallel to the magnetic field. An obvious skew in the collisional profiles is seen in regions with a high gradient in outflow velocity and/or temperature. The resonant (or radiative) line profiles behave very differently from those currently observed in 90° scattering. They are more closely related to the profile and distribution of the exciting chromospheric spectrum: the lines are narrow and are centered at wavelengths mirrored around the rest wavelength of the ion emission, allowing easy separation of the collisional and radiative components. Despite the Ly-α line being much more intense than the O VI lines, the large width and high intensity of the Ly-α radiative component in comparison to the collisional component is such that these two components cannot be separated. The Ly-α line is therefore less suitable for solar wind diagnostics. Conclusions. The prospect of coronal in situ spectral observations, combined with simultaneous in situ sampling measurements of the solar wind and magnetic field will give unsurpassed constraints on models of solar wind heating and acceleration

Evaluasi Keragaan USAha Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit Rakyat Pola Plasma dalam Memenuhi Standarisasi Sertifikasi Rspo di Kecamatan Ukui Kabupaten Pelalawan

Highest productivity and cheapest price among vegetable oils has motivated manufacturers to use palm oil as principle ingredient in their products. While there are various derivative products of palm oil, demand for palm oil increase significantly. In line with higher price of oil palm fruits, the growers respond with land expansion to meet the demand of palm oil. However, massive expansion of oil palm plantations has generated various negative social and environment impacts including deforestation, biodiversity loss, forest fires, and social conflicts. These issues have motivated private International organizations to mitigate the effects of land expansion by establishing the Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil (RSPO) certification. All growers and stakeholders have to comply with the RSPO standard to be included in the palm oil supply chain. The smallholders face the most challenging effort to meet the standard and to obtain the RSPO certificate. The objective of this study is to evaluate the performance of scheme smallholders and to assess their compliance to the standard of RSPO. Data were collected through a survey on 70 sample from 224 members of the population. The data were analysed using farm business analysis and assessment on the application of RSPO Principles and Criteria. The result shows that the average farm income from oil palm plantation is Rp 16.443.449,- per year/ha or Rp 1.370.287,- per month/ha. The group farmer have comply to more than 100% of the RSPO standard

A simple thermodynamical witness showing universality of macroscopic entanglement

We show that if the ground state entanglement exceeds the total entropy of a given system, then this system is in an entangled state. This is a universal entanglement witness that applies to any physical system and yields a temperature below which we are certain to find some entanglement. Our witness is then applied to generic bosonic and fermionic many body systems to derive the corresponding "critical" temperatures that have a very broad validity.Comment: 3 pages, Torun conference, June 25-28, 200

Implementasi Metode Haversine Formula Pada Aplikasi Android Untuk Menentukan Zona Titik Pencarian Ikan

Kabupaten Indramayu dengan luas 514 km² dikenal sebagai salah satu penghasil ikan laut terbesar di Jawa Barat. Sebagian besar penduduk Kabupaten Indramayu berprofesi sebagai pencari ikan. Sebagian besar nelayan membutuhkan informasi Zona Potensi Penangkapan Ikan (ZPPI) secara realtime untuk dapat mendukung aktivitas mereka. Selama ini para mereka harus menunggu datangnya informasi ZPPI yang menggunakan media SMS dari Lembaga Penerbangan dan Antariksa Nasional (LAPAN) dengan perantara Dinas Perikanan dan Kelautan (Diskanla) Kec. Indramayu. Kendala yang dihadapi adalah keterlambatan penyampaian informasi ZPPI kepada para nelayan sehingga hasil tangkapan laut menjadi tidak maksimal. Berdasarkan masalah tersebut diperlukan sistem yang dapat menyajikan informasi ZPPI yang difasilitasi oleh sistem pencarian Zona Tangkapan Terdekat (ZTT). Sistem pemberian informasi ZPPI ini menggunakan media aplikasi dalam platform Android yang nantinya digunakan untuk melihat titik koordinat ZPPI dan pencarian ZTT. Melalui sistem pencarian zona titik terdekat dengan metode Haversine, aplikasi tersebut dapat mengambil keputusan untuk menyediakan informasi titik ZPPI terdekat

Segmentation of the skull in MRI volumes using deformable mode

In this paper, we present a new approach for segmenting regions of bone in MRI volumes using a deformable model . Our method takes into account the partial volume effects that occur with MRI data, thus permitting a precise segmentation of these bone regions . Partial volume is estimated, in a narrow band around the deformable model, at each iteration of the propagation of the model . Segmentation of the skull in medical imagery is an important stage in applications that require the construction of realistic models of the head . Such models are used, for example, to simulate the behavior of electro- magnetic fields in the head and to model the electrical activity of the cortex in EEG and MEG data . Our segmentation method begins with a pre-segmentation stage, in which a preliminary segmentation of the skull is constructed using a region-growing method . The surface which bounds the pre-segmented skull region offers an automatic 3D initialization of the deformable model . This surface is propagated (in 3D) in the direction of its normal . This propagation is achieved using level set method, thus permitting changes to occur in the topology of the surface as it evolves, an essential capability for our problem . The speed at which the surface evolves is a function of the estimated partial volume. This provides a sub-voxel accuracy in the resulting segmentation .Dans ce papier, nous présentons une méthode de segmentation par modèle déformable des régions osseuses de la tête à partir de données IRM 3D. Cette segmentation prend en compte l'effet du volume partiel présent en IRM permettant ainsi une segmentation précise de l'os. La segmentation du crâne est une étape importante dans les applications nécessitant la construction d'un modèle réaliste de la tête. Ce type de modèle est utilisé, entre autres, pour la simulation du comportement d'un champ électromagnétique dans les tissus de la tête, ainsi que pour la modélisation de l'activité électrique du cortex en EEG et MEG. La méthode de segmentation proposée commence par une pré-segmentation du crâne avec une technique de croissance de région. Le résultat de la pré-segmentation est ensuite raffiné par la propagation, en 3D, de la surface de la région pré-segmentée dans le sens de la normale à cette surface. La propagation est réalisée par la détection des courbes de niveau d'une hypersurface, permettant ainsi des changements de topologie avantageux dans notre cas. L'effet du volume partiel est pris en considération lors de la formulation du terme de vitesse de la surface propagée, ce qui permet de réaliser une segmentation sub-voxelique du crâne

Pengendalian Motor Dc Robot Mirosot Upn Veteran YOGYAKARTA Menggunakan Mikrokontroler Atmega 8

Pada sistem robot UPN V Yogyakarta, mikrokontroler baru digunakan sebagai perantara bagi pusat pengendali seluruh sistem atau host komputer dan motor DC. Mikrokontroler akan menerima data dari sistem komunikasi dan kemudian langsung mengirimkan secara langsung data tersebut ke motor DC. Hal ini dikarenakan robot soccer mikro Teknik UPN V Yogyakarta adalah robot yang dibangun dari nol, maka pengendalian pergerakan dasar robot diperlukan untuk mendukung pengendalian pergerakan yang lebih kompleks. Sistem yang dirancang berkaitan dengan beberapa komponen hardware robot yaitu micro robot soccer mengunakan sistem penggerak motor DC yang memiliki pulsa berjumlah 512 encoder. Mikrokontroler ATmega8 digunakan sebagai sistem kontrol motor dan komunikasi robot. Bahasa yang digunakan adalah bahasa pemrograman C untuk mengimplementasikan kendali motor di dalam mikrokontroler. Untuk mengirimkan kecepatan digunakan aplikasi yang dibuat dengan bahasa pemrograman C#. Dengan membangun kendali motor DC pada mikrokontroler atmega8, pergerakan robot diharapkan mampu bergerak sesuai perintah yang dikirimkan oleh komputer host

Penyuluhan Pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia Berbasis Intelegensi Natural pada Guru Paud Non Formal di Kecamatan Gayamsari Semarang

?é?á A natural intelligence is a new method in the teaching and learning process in as the steps of indication to associate the needed subtance. It has a purpose to build the children?óÔé¼Ôäós intelligence to be multintellegence. This method is used to make an effective teaching learning process which deals with the students?óÔé¼Ôäó potential quality to get the maximal output in long term. This concept is actually presented to the early age learners in learning Bahasa Indonesia to know how their mother tongue will influence their second language based on the community that they live with. By living with their community who speaks Bahasa Indoensia as the second language, they will learn it in how to speak and write naturally. Learning Bahasa Indonesia using a natural intelegence is a good method in making them able to speak and write it well because this method motivate and force them how to understand, comprehend and apply it directly. And this method was actually trained to teachers of Non ?óÔé¼ÔÇ£ Formal PAUD / Under age /children group. By having this training, Non ?óÔé¼ÔÇ£ Formal PAUD teachers will be apble to implement the method well and the result will make children learn Bahasa Indonesia effectively and creatively