Judicial Incentives and Indeterminacy in Substantive Review of Administrative Decisions

Uppsatsen tydliggör och beskriver innehållet i elva lokala överenskommelser (LÖK) mellan civilsamhället och offentlig sektor. Studien visar också hur relationen mellan parterna avspeglas i texterna. Uppsatsen visar också på hur olika idéer och synsätt i överenskommelserna kan få praktiska konsekvenser för civilsamhället

Judicial Incentives and Indeterminacy in Substantive Review of Administrative Decisions

In the Chevron and State Farm cases the Supreme Court announced what appeared to be controlling standards for substantive review of administrative decisions. Instead, the Chevron framework has broken down, and State Farm has been all but ignored by agencies and the courts, including the Supreme Court. This article accounts for this breakdown by analyzing the impact of judicial incentives on substantive review in administrative law

Characteristic Classes for the Degenerations of Two-Plane Fields in Four Dimensions

There is a remarkable type of field of two-planes special to four dimensions known as an Engel distributions. They are the only stable regular distributions besides the contact, quasi-contact and line fields. If an arbitrary two-plane field on a four-manifold is slightly perturbed then it will be Engel at generic points. On the other hand, if a manifold admits an oriented Engel structure then the manifold must be parallelizable and consequently the alleged Engel distribution must have a degeneration loci -- a point set where the Engel conditions fails. By a theorem of Zhitomirskii this locus is a finite union of surfaces. We prove that these surfaces represent Chern classes associated to the distribution.Comment: LaTeX, 15 page

Serbian and Russian Relations: The Future Implications for Serbia’s Accession to the European Union

Russian interference within Western Balkan affairs has successfully inhibited their accession to the European Union (EU). This paper explains how the relationship between Serbia and Russia developed since the end of the Cold War and what the foreign relations between the two countries, and other external actors, will look like in the future. Exploring this relationship will illustrate the importance of historical backgrounds within international relations and could give insight on what Serbia’s future accession to the EU will look like. The first part of this paper will present a brief background on EU relations with Serbia and the power of Serbian minorities in neighboring countries. Afterwards, a comparative event history analysis and quantitative data from the Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia, the Government of the Republic of Serbia, the Serbian National Bank, Eurobarometer and the Observatory of Economic Complexity will be used together to present evidence of Russian interference throughout different institutional aspects of Serbia. Agreements, public opinion, direct and indirect actions will be used to assess the amount of Russian interference and its effect on Serbia and the Serbian minorities that exist in other countries within the Western Balkans. Additionally, an analysis of Serbian political parties and the recent elections bolsters the finding that the current two-track policy, which involves extensive cooperation with Russia and Serbia, will reach a breaking point and Serbia will have to choose one primary ally

Public Participation without a Public: The Challenge for Administrative Policymaking

As Isaac Newton taught us long ago, for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction. To the degree that unelected, unaccountable mandarins rule, the people do not. Regulatory agencies, headed by unelected administrators, can thus create a “democracy deficit” and, at least for those who believe government derives its legitimacy from democracy,, a legitimacy deficit, too. Various polities have addressed this democracy deficit by embedding public administration in “accountability network[s] of rules and procedures[.]” A requirement of public participation is one such procedure common to many countries and many situations. Whether public participation serves the public, however, depends on many factors, including the particulars of the public participation scheme, the agency’s regulatory tasks, the agency’s resources and competence to fulfill those tasks, and the resources and leverage of all those persons who may be affected by the agency’s actions