6,178 research outputs found
Applications solution using the system 2000 graphite furnace
In patients with chronic renal failure, on treatment with haemodialysis, clinical symptoms may develop, which are associated with abnormally high levels of aluminium in the blood and tissues. Such patients are exposed to aluminium via the dialysate fluid, from dietary sources, and from the ingestion of aluminium-containing antacids given to reduce phosphate absorption in the gut. Serum and plasma are now established as the most suitable body fluids for monitoring aluminium levels in these patients.peer-reviewe
Teleportation into Quantum Statistics
The paper is a tutorial introduction to quantum information theory,
developing the basic model and emphasizing the role of statistics and
probability.Comment: Been waiting 3 years for math.S
Better Bell inequalities (passion at a distance)
I explain so-called quantum nonlocality experiments and discuss how to
optimize them. Statistical tools from missing data maximum likelihood are
crucial. New results are given on CGLMP, CH and ladder inequalities. Open
problems are also discussed.Comment: Published at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/074921707000000328 in the IMS
Lecture Notes Monograph Series
(http://www.imstat.org/publications/lecnotes.htm) by the Institute of
Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org
On an Argument of David Deutsch
We analyse an argument of Deutsch, which purports to show that the
deterministic part of classical quantum theory together with deterministic
axioms of classical decision theory, together imply that a rational decision
maker behaves as if the probabilistic part of quantum theory (Born's law) is
true. We uncover two missing assumptions in the argument, and show that the
argument also works for an instrumentalist who is prepared to accept that the
outcome of a quantum measurement is random in the frequentist sense: Born's law
is a consequence of functional and unitary invariance principles belonging to
the deterministic part of quantum mechanics. Unfortunately, it turns out that
after the necessary corrections we have done no more than give an easier proof
of Gleason's theorem under stronger assumptions. However, for some special
cases the proof method gives positive results while using different assumptions
to Gleason. This leads to the conjecture that the proof could be improved to
give the same conclusion as Gleason under unitary invariance together with a
much weaker functional invariance condition.Comment: Revision 28-7-03: added reference Final revision 28-05-04. To appear
in proceedings of "Quantum Probability and Infinite Dimensional Analysis",
Greifswald, 2003; World Scientifi
The Three Doors Problem...-s
I argue that we must distinguish between:
(0) the Three-Doors-Problem Problem [sic], which is to make sense of some
real world question of a real person.
(1) a large number of solutions to this meta-problem, i.e., many specific
Three-Doors-Problem problems, which are competing mathematizations of the
meta-problem (0).
Each of the solutions at level (1) can well have a number of different
solutions: nice ones and ugly ones; correct ones and incorrect ones. I discuss
three level (1) solutions, i.e., three different Monty Hall problems; and try
to give three short correct and attractive solutions. These are: an
unconditional probability question; a conditional probability question; and a
game-theory question.
The meta-message of the article is that applied statisticians should beware
of solution-driven science.Comment: Submitted to Springer Lexicon of Statistics. Version 2: some minor
improvement
The chaotic chameleon
Various local hidden variables models for the singlet correlations exploit
the detection loophole, or other loopholes connected with post-selection on
coincident arrival times. I consider the connection with a probabilistic
simulation technique called rejection-sampling, and pose some natural questions
concerning what can be achieved and what cannot be achieved with local (or
distributed) rejection sampling. In particular a new and more serious loophole,
which we call the coincidence loophole, is introduced.Comment: v.2: 7pp; conjecture 1 disproved by Gisin & Gisin (1999) but which
leads to new open problems and conjectures. v.3: minor correction and
addition. To appear in proceedings of "Quantum Probability and Infinite
Dimensional Analysis", Greifswald, 2003; World Scientific. v.4: major
revision in view of solution of another conjecture by Larsson & Gill (2003
No probability loophole in the CHSH
Geurdes (2014, Results in Physics) outlines a probabilistic construction of a
counterexample to Bell's theorem. He gives a procedure to repeatedly sample
from a specially constructed "pool" of local hidden variable models (depending
on a table of numerically calculated parameters) and select from the results
one LHV model, determining a random value S of the usual CHSH combination of
four (theoretical) correlation values. He claims Prob(|S| > 2) > 0. We expose a
fatal flaw in the analysis: the procedure generates a non-local hidden variable
model.
To disprove this claim, Geurdes should program his procedure and generate
random LHV's till he finds one violating the CHSH inequality.Comment: version 3: major revision, new analysis, identification of main erro
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