Avaliação de quitosana para o controle da podridão amarga da macieira.

TCC (graduação em Agronomia) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, 2008O estado de Santa Catarina é atualmente o maior produtor de maçãs no Brasil, atendendo tanto o mercado nacional quanto as exportações para vários países. Entre as doenças que acarretam danos à cultura da macieira encontra-se a Podridão Amarga, causada pelo fungo Colletotrichum acutatum. Neste trabalho procurou-se avaliar o efeito in vitro da quitosana sobre o fitopatógeno e in vivo sobre maçãs inoculadas com C. acutatum, analisando-se o efeito do polissacarídeo sobre a severidade da doença. Para isso, nos ensaios in vitro, suspensões de esporos do fungo com concentração de 105 esporos/mL foram colocadas em lâminas escavadas, sobre as quais foram testadas as concentrações de 25, 50, 75 e 100 µg/mL de quitosana, além das testemunhas de água destilada e ácido clorídrico a 5%. Também avaliou-se o efeito de diferentes concentrações de quitosana (1, 2, 3, 4 e 5 mg/mL) sobre o crescimento micelial, quando o polissacarídeo foi incorporado ao meio de cultura Batata-Dextrose-Ágar. Nos testes in vivo, para avaliar o efeito da quitosana no controle da Podridão Amarga, maçãs (cv. Fuji) foram inoculadas com suspensão de esporos de C. acutatum com concentração (105 conídios/mL) e, após 24 horas em câmara úmida, os frutos foram imersos em suspensão de quitosana. Primeiramente, foram testadas as concentrações de 2,5; 5,0; 7,5 e 10 mg/mL de quitosana com pH ajustado para 5,6. Posteriormente, avaliou-se o efeito da dose mais eficaz (10 mg/mL) sobre maçãs inoculadas com diferentes concentrações de C. acutatum (103, 104 e 105 esporos/mL), bem como o efeito do pH da solução de quitosana. Na seqüência, avaliou-se o efeito da quitosana com pH 4,0 sobre maçãs cv. Gala inoculadas com o agente causal da Podridão Amarga. Finalmente, foi avaliado o efeito da quitosana, da inoculação com o patógeno e de ferimentos para a indução da atividade de peroxidases nos frutos. Nos testes in vitro, foi observado que a quitosana reduziu a germinação de esporos do fitopatógeno, além de causar alterações morfológicas no tubo germinativo. Quanto ao crescimento micelial, a quitosana a 4 mg/mL teve efeito fungistático, reduzindo em mais de 40% o progresso do crescimento micelial quando comparada à testemunha.. Em pós-colheita a quitosana reduziu a severidade da Podridão Amarga, sendo seu efeito diretamente relacionado com a dose utilizada, e que sua eficiência também está relacionada ao pH em que é aplicada, sendo mais eficaz nos experimentos o pH 4,0. Com relação ao teste enzimático, não houve aumento na atividade de peroxidases em frutos tratados com quitosana. Com base nos resultados, a redução da severidade da Podridão Amarga foi relacionada ao efeito direto da quitosana sobre o fitopatógeno

Addressing consumer demands: a manufacturing collaboration process using blockchain for knowledge representation

Under I4.0, the evolution of the manufacturing processes is supported by an increase of data that is available and produced by organisations, the digitalisation of manufacturing pipelines, and a paradigm shift in production (from mass production to mass personalisation). Additionally, organisations need to gather the necessary conditions to ensure their quick adaptation to a changing environment and replace reactiveness for proactivity. Collaboration can act as the foundation to an answer for the increase demand for customised products, with an open and transparent environment where information is shared, and actors can work together to solve a common problem. In this work we propose a model definition for an industrial collaboration network composed by a network of entities, with reasoning and interaction, that uses a blockchain for knowledge representation. Current definitions of MAS already include a representation of equipment, transportation, products, and organisations; our contribution proposes the inclusion of the consumer, represented by an agent, directly in the manufacturing process. This agent represents the preferences and needs of the consumer in product customisation scenarios which, together with the other agents, negotiate criteria and cooperate with each other. The network is composed by distinct types of agents, across multiple organisations, that share common objectives. We use Hyperledger Fabric to represent knowledge, assuring that the data is stored and shared with all entities, while keeping the information secure and assuring that it cannot be tampered with.FCT - Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia(UIDB/04728/2020

Trust-based negotiation in multiagent systems: a systematic review

In this work, we conducted a systematic review on trust-based negotiation in Multiagent Systems (MAS), through a bibliometric analysis over the past 25 years of research publications, on three of the most popular scientific databases (Google Scholar, Scopus, and Web of Science). Our analysis reveals that this research topic is regaining interest, after some oscillating years, and the impact of its contributions is equivalent to other equally important research variants like ontology and argumentation (in a negotiation scenario). Discarding the human-to-agent trust challenges, we only focus on agent-to-agent trust concepts, and we performed an analysis of the different types of trust dimensions, using the findings and concerns of past review works, as we identify and select the dimensions that, in our opinion, have the most potential to lead the research advances on the topic of trust in MAS. Furthermore, we discuss the current challenges and open issues associated with those trust dimensions, and how current advancements in the literature could provide insights for the solution of those challenges, or even the finding of new research paths.This work has been supported by national funds through FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology) through the Projects UIDB/04728/2020, UIDP/04728/2020, and the Ricardo Barbosa doctoral Grant with the reference UI/BD/154187/202

Staying Cool: Towards an Integrated Vulnerability Approach to Climate Change in Southern Europe Housing

Climate change is increasingly recognized as a reality that requires action, not only by society in general but also by policy decision-makers and scholars. In addition to the increase in mean temperatures, climate models indicate an increase in frequency and severity of extreme events, such as heatwaves. Therefore, indoor environmental conditions in existing residential buildings can be significantly affected, since these were not initially designed to endure such conditions. These changes may compromise their ability to moderate outdoor temperatures, particularly in regions such as Southern Europe, where most buildings still rely on natural ventilation. This work aims to approach this topic by integrating two different interpretations of vulnerability – outcome and contextual vulnerability –, with the purpose of providing information to support policy design and decision-making, and also the development of retrofit interventions. Using a case study from Lisbon (Portugal), four studies were developed independently based on different methodologies, including thermal modelling and questionnaires. Results from thermal simulations suggest that construction type seems to be determinant in defining the building”s ability to moderate high outdoor temperature. Findings also indicate that it is possible to offset or reduce the effect of the increase in temperatures by means of cost-effective passive measures applied to the building envelope. Some non-physical characteristics such as occupancy and window control are also significant, allowing up to a 91% reduction in discomfort hours. Although useful, this view does not reflect all facets of vulnerability to high temperatures, as simulated behavior cannot illustrate the diversity of practices adopted by occupants nor the context where they occur, For this reason, statistical techniques such as factor and variance analysis were applied to data obtained from a survey to buildings” occupants and allowed to characterize occupant behavior in two main types of practices – personal and environmental. Results suggest a statistically significant variance of socio-demographic, personal and contextual factors in relation to the individual adoption of adaptive practices. In particular, building characteristics, age and sex of occupants seem to be relevant in terms of behaviour towards the provision of comfortable conditions. Integration of results regarding the two interpretations, namely regarding the relation between occupant and the building, support the socio-technical perspective of comfort and highlight the need for a systemic view over high-temperature vulnerability in planning retrofit interventions and designing adaptation policy instruments, including the use of policy mix and integration with other sectors

Contributions of science fiction to thinking up (im)possible future societies: medical students’ genetic imaginary

© The Author(s) 2023. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) which permits any use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access page (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage).Science fiction has been an inexhaustible source for the creation of technoscientific imaginary that has marked certain historical periods and influenced the production of subjectivity. This imaginary evokes complex ontological, epistemological, political, social, environmental and existential questions on the present and the future. The aim of this study was to identify and characterize the cultural productions accessed by the public to form an opinion about the genetic manipulation of human beings. A survey about sources of information that influence opinions on the genetic manipulation of human beings was applied to 360 medical students (70.8% female). Movies were the most commonly mentioned source of information, followed by books, documentaries, news programs, television series, informational videos, soap operas and videogames. Science fiction was the most frequent genre and dystopian views of the future of humanity predominated.The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: This work was supported by the Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, (grant number PTDC/SOC-ANT/30572/2017).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Mechanisms for reflection-based monitoring of real- time systems

Monitoring is a very important aspect to consider when developing real-time systems. However, it is also important to consider the impact of the monitoring mechanisms in the actual application. The use of Reflection can provide a clear separation between the real-time application and the implemented monitoring mechanisms, which can be introduced (reflected) into the underlying system without changing the actual application part of the code. Nevertheless, controlling the monitoring system itself is still a topic of research. The monitoring mechanisms must contain knowledge about “how to get the information out”. Therefore, this paper presents the ongoing work to define a suitable strategy for monitoring real-time systems through the use of Reflection

O projeto ético-político do serviço social: elementos históricos

TCC (graduação) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Sócio Econômico, Curso de Serviço Social

Comparison between laser-cutting or molded polyoxanone thread in facial lifting

There is no literature comparing the effectiveness of laser-cutting or molded barbed polydioxanone (PDO) threads when used in protocols for facial lifting. The objective of this study was to compare the efficiency of laser-cutting (n=10) or molded (n=15) threads in facial lifting procedures. Adverse events, quality of treatments, and self-perception facial improvement were investigated immediately and after 90 days of the clinical procedures. Data pointed that the most prevalent adverse events reported by the patients, for both threads, were pain and sensation of skin traction at the intervention sites (56%). According to the Numeric Visual Scale (NVS), the molded thread received score 10 in 42.8% of the patients. It was observed more reports of major (n=32) and noticeable (n=46) facial aesthetic improvement by patients who received laser-cutting threads. The results suggest that both, laser-cutting or molded threads, cause few adverse events, allow good acceptance by patients, and permit to treat successfully different facial areas. 

Environmental Performance of a Cost-Effective Energy Renovation at the Neighbourhood Scale—The Case for Social Housing in Braga, Portugal

It is increasingly recognised that the energy renovation of the existing building stock will be determinant for achieving 2030 and 2050 decarbonisation targets in Europe. As operational energy is being dramatically reduced through regulatory efforts and funding from the European Union, the relevance of the environmental performance of these interventions becomes higher, namely regarding embodied energy and carbon emissions associated with the materials that compose the renovation solutions. Although some studies address these impacts in buildings, the range of studies focusing on the neighbourhood scale is limited. This article presents a methodological framework combining a life cycle cost assessment (LCC) and a life cycle assessment (LCA). The purpose is to assess the relevance of embodied energy and carbon emissions on the cost-effectiveness of building renovation solutions towards nZEB at the neighbourhood scale by comparing an operational energy approach and a whole life cycle approach in a case study of a social housing neighbourhood in Braga, Portugal. The results suggest an increase in indicators values demonstrating a negative impact on the achievable reduction of both energy and emissions when the whole life cycle approach is considered, which can constitute a critical point for policy formulation in the decarbonisation of the built environment.FCT / MCTES through national funds (PIDDAC) under the R&D Unit Institute for Sustainability and Innovation in Structural Engineering (ISISE), under reference UIDB/04029/2020. Currently, Raúl Briones-Llorente is a Research Teaching Staff at the University of Burgos, thanks to a postdoctoral contract co-financed by the Consejería de Educación de la Junta de Castilla y León and the Operational Programme of the European Social Fund