DEMAND FOR ANIMAL FOOD IN THE RURAL AND URBAN OF MALUKU, INDONESIA

Protein deficiency has a permanent and long-term effect, which is a decrease in intelligence, abnormal growth, and stunting. Maluku is the province with the lowest protein consumption in Indonesia. The purpose of this study is to analyze the impact of price, income, and demographic factors on animal protein food demand, using the Quadratic Almost Ideal Demand System approach. The research data used 2016 Susenas data of 4,811 households. The results showed that an increase in animal food prices by one percent decreased demand for eggs, chicken, beef, fresh fish and milk powder, respectively, by 0.452%, 2,024%, 4,382%, 2,507%, and 0.969%. The most elastic beef was followed by chicken, fresh fish, milk powder, and eggs with income elasticities of 3,928%, 2,278%, 1,752%, 1,456%, and 0.562%, respectively. All animal foods are luxury items, except eggs are normal goods. In urban areas, beef, fresh fish and milk power are complementary, whereas in rural areas all animal foods are substitutes. Moreover, the impacts of socio-demographic factors on the demand for animal products were found to be very low. To increase protein consumption, the Maluku government needs to maintain the stability of animal food prices, especially eggs. Price policies are more effective than income policies both in urban and rural area

PENGANTAR EKONOMI MIKRO

Ekonomi mikro sebagai ilmu yang mempelajari perilaku produsen dan konsumen serta menentukan kuantitas faktor input, serta barang atau jasa apa yang kemudian akan diperdagangkan dengan mengacu pada harga pasar. Beberapa aspek analisis dalam ekonomi mikro sendiri antara lain model pasar, industri, analisis manfaat, teori permintaan, analisis biaya dan penawaran, elastisitas, teori produksi hingga teori harga. Selain itu, ekonomi mikro juga berperan dalam membuat kebijakan perusahaan mengenai pengelolaan sumber daya seperti pengelolaan harga. Adanya kebijakan dalam perusahaan juga dapat menjadikan perusahaan lebih strategis dan inovatif. Ekonomi mikro memainkan peran yang sangat penting dalam memprediksi dan merancang strategi masa depan perusahaan. Ekonomi mikro akan memudahkan perusahaan untuk memahami perilaku, keinginan, dan kebutuhan konsumen