Modelling Transient Terahertz Magneto-Spectroscopy measurements of p-type CVD Graphene leading to a negative photoconductivity.

Ultrafast Terahertz (THz) Magneto-Spectroscopy (UTMS) measurements were performed on p-type CVD graphene sample to investigate the intrinsic carrier dynamics of the material. We investigated static and time-resolved THz transmission measurements, in which the sample was photo-excited by a near infrared (NIR) pump pulse, in order to study its behavior in a magnetic field. In these measurements the free carriers were probed to independently measure the carrier density and scattering rate in this film. We observed, in our graphene sample, an increase in transmission related to a negative photoconductivity (decrease in conductivity after photoexcitation) consistent with previous research. This decrease is predicted by our model and relate to the energy dependence of the scattering process considered in this paper

Production Of Canola As A Biofuel Feedstock In The Piedmont Region Of North Carolina

Canola in the past and present has been evaluated as a domestic fuel source and a means to stimulate rural economic development. In order to ease the transition of the economy in North Carolina new rotational crops can be looked upon as sources of additional revenue. Canola Brassica napus (L.) production was evaluated for cultivation in a Piedmont soil (Mecklenburg Sandy Clay Loam) at NC A&T State University research farm located in Greensboro, NC (Guilford County). The experiment was conducted using a split plot design with main plot factor cultivar (Virginia and DKW 46-15) and subplot factor fertilizer: (N-P2O5-K2O) in (kgha-1) 0-0-0, 70-28-84, 70-28-864 + Soysoap, 140-56-168 and 140-56-168 + Soysoap. Soysoapâ„¢ was applied as a foliar spray to evaluate its effectiveness in enhanced nutrient absorption. Canola was planted in October and harvested in May in all three years (2009-2012). Analysis from 3 consecutive years revealed that plots that received the 140-56-168 (kgha-1) fertilizer treatment produced significantly higher seed yields than the control. Canola seed was mechanically extracted in 2011 and 2012. Neither canola cultivar nor fertilizer treatment affected mechanically extracted oil percentages in 2011 or 2012. Cultivar selection in 2010 had a significant effect (p \u3c 0.001) on hexane extracted oil percentages in which the Virginia cultivar produced a significantly higher oil percentage than DKW 46-15. After evaluating cultivars oil yield potential, the Virginia cultivar would be more suitable towards biofuel production in NC versus DKW 46-15

The Wild Experiment And Its Aftermath: How Courts Settled Conflict and Questions of Power in Higher Education, 1900-1930

Between 1900 and 1930, who determined the balance of power between higher education and the state when conflicts arose? This study presents an untold story of how courts settled disputes that stemmed from public officials’ attempts to rein in spending and influence among colleges in their states. These disputes followed what Frank Blackmar in 1890 referred to as a “wild experiment” with higher education’s growth and planning. Colleges desired to expand, acquire additional funding, and function as independently as possible, while public officials and legislatures sought to exercise influence and power over those colleges. This laid the groundwork for conflict and a power struggle. In the absence of coordinating boards, accrediting agencies, and a host of regulations that we are accustomed to today, courts regulated the balance of power between states and colleges. Many of the cases covered in this study have not been discussed in a scholarly setting. This study evaluates twenty-four legal cases to add another chapter to the early twentieth century history of higher education—one that highlights conflict and power struggles that helped shape the relationships between colleges and states during the decades that followed

The Potential Societal Benefit of Eliminating Opioid Overdoses, Deaths, and Substance Use Disorders Exceeds $95 Billion Per Year

The negative impacts of the opioid epidemic are substantial and increasing rapidly over time. No part of society—including households, governments, and the private sector—is safe from the devastation brought on by this national crisis. The human toll of the combined misuse of prescription opioids, heroin, fentanyl, and related drugs has reached an unthinkable scale, with deaths soaring to more than 53,000 in 2016. Through this analysis of 2016 data, we estimate the magnitude of the economic and quantifiable societal harms and find the potential benefit of preventing opioid overdoses, deaths, and substance use disorders in 2016 would have exceeded $95 billion dollars—and preliminary data for 2017 predict this estimate will increase. This finding calls for substantial increases in funding at all levels—private and public sectors—to prevent opioid misuse and provide treatment for those affected.The potential benefits of eliminating the epidemic are concentrated in productivity gains from saved lives and reductions in substance use, averted health care costs due to fewer overdoses and other health complications, and lower spending on other services currently addressing the burden of opioids like law enforcement and child/family assistance (see Figure 1). These benefits—including savings to governments and increases in economic returns to households and the private sector (see Figure 2)—would accrue to all of society

Spatial Learning of Shelter Locations and Associative Learning of a Foraging Task in the Cottonmouth, (Agkistrodon Piscivorus)

Learning processes can have significant adaptive value in mediating behaviors with important fitness consequences. For snakes, learning may ensure the localization of key resources including food and shelter. Snakes are proportionately underrepresented in reptile learning studies, and the majority of research subjects are within the family Colubridae. I presented captive cottonmouth snakes with two types of learning challenges. In a spatial learning experiment, snakes learned the location of a cover object in a circular laboratory arena, as demonstrated by a 56% reduction of time and 57% reduction of distance travelled to a shelter across a series of training trials. In a foraging experiment, snakes were trained to feed on live minnows in water bowls associated with a landmark. When given a dichotomous choice between two water bowls containing only fish cues, trained snakes were significantly more likely to set up ambush postures at the landmark bowl rather than the control. Untrained snakes presented with the same challenge showed no preference for either option

Pengembangan Bahan Ajar berbasis Kontekstual untuk Meningkatkan Pemahaman Konsep Sains Dasar Mahasiswa

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan bahan ajar berbasis kontekstual untuk meningkatkan pemahaman konsep sains dasar mahasiswa. Pengembangan bahan ajar menggunakan pendekatan research and development dengan model uji coba one-group pretes-posttest design. Desain penelitian mengadopsi model yang dikembangkan oleh Plomp yang terdiri dari 4 tahap, yaitu: 1) investigasi awal; 2) desain; 3) realisasi/konstruksi; dan 4) tes, evaluasi, dan revisi. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan yaitu: 1) lembar angket validasi; 2) lembar angket respon mahasiswa; dan 3) lembar penilaian hasil belajar. Diperoleh hasil bahwa produk pengembangan memenuhi aspek kelayakan (r = 0,84) dan aspek kepraktisan  (P = 90,5%) pada kategori sangat baik. Hasil analisis data dengan uji-t pada taraf signifikansi 0,05 diperoleh |tstatistik| = 26,979 lebih besar dari |tkritis| = 2,043, sehingga Ho ditolak. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan produk pengembangan berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap pemahaman konsep sains dasar dengan n-gain 0,67 pada kategori sedang

“I Got the Mics On, My People Speak”: On the Rise of Aboriginal Australian Hip Hop

In this paper, an Aboriginal rapper and settler-Australian Indigenous Studies lecturer collaborate to provide an overview of the Aboriginal Australian Hip Hop scene. We contextualize the development of Aboriginal Hip Hop as part of a long postcolonial tradition of Aboriginal engagement with Black transnationalism. By analysing rap lyrics, Hip Hop videos, and related commentary, we demonstrate the ways in which Aboriginal hip hoppers have adapted elements of Hip Hop culture to suit their own cultures, histories, and structural position as a colonized minority under the rule of a modern settler-colonial state. We conclude by considering Aboriginal engagement with Hip Hop culture as part of the ongoing development of Aboriginal cultures in an era of globalization

Pediatric Hospital Environments: Do They Make a Difference?

The environment can have an extreme impact on a child’s well-being, growth and health. This should be taken into consideration especially for those children that are surrounded by a hospital environment. The healthcare system can come across as extremely intimidating and frightening to young patients. The purpose of his research study is to change this mind-set by creating a more welcoming atmosphere through child-friendly interventions such as magic, colorful art, and nature. By conducting interviews with the children of these hospitals and using visual and exploratory techniques, the essence of what keeps a child’s spirit alive can be captured to fullest. The research has shown that it is important to take children’s perspectives into consideration and to implement them into the design of pediatric hospitals