Improved 3-D Analytical Model for Axial-Flux Eddy-Current Couplings with Curvature Effects

International audienceAn improved three-dimensional analytical model for axial-flux permanent-magnet eddy-current couplings is presented in this paper. As the problem is solved in a 3-D cylindrical coordinate system, the proposed model directly takes into account the radial edge effects and the curvature effects on the torque prediction without the need of any correction factor. It is shown that the new analytical model is very accurate, even for the geometries where the curvature effects are very pronounced. Another advantage of the proposed model is the great reduction of computation time compared to 3-D finite elements simulations and an easier adaptation for parametric studies and optimization

SIMULATION OF CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACT ON WHEAT PRODUCTION IN THE TIARET REGION OF ALGERIA USING THE DSSAT MODEL

It is now commonly accepted that climate changes is expected to have important effects on diverse economic sectors. Agricultural sector is particularly exposed to changes with climate variability and change due to its influence on production. Predicting the potential effects of climate change on crop yields requires a model witch simulate the crop respond to weather variation. Crop models have been used extensively to predict yield response to various SRES (Special Report Emission Scenarios) scenarios of climate change. The main objective of this study is the use of DSSAT model to simulate and to estimate wheat yield prediction under two climate change scenarios (A2 and B1) in the Tiaret region for adaptation measures and mitigation. The simulation results obtained from this study revealed that the use of the model DSSAT provides an efficient method for evaluating impact of changing climate on wheat production. Adaptation measures to mitigate the potential impact of climate change included possible changes in sowing dates and genotype selection

The knowledges of traditional irrigation in the oasis of Kerzaz in southwest Algerian: Legacy and development

In the valley of Saoura, the demand for water for irrigation has increased significantly and rapidly, it requires mobilization and rational and intensive use of all existing water sources like the groundwater which are the only source of drinking water supply and irrigation in the region and the protection of the large vein that feeds the Saoura and bearing his name "oued Saoura". Oasis Kerzaz is amongst the the most celebrated oasis and the biggest of valley of Saoura , it now suffers from several impediments to their development as: the scarcity of irrigation water, land abandonment, the silting up, the chunking and the exiguity of agricultural land, the food nature of agricultural activity and incurable diseases of crops.Keywords: palm grove; well; Chadouf; Khottara; motorpump; Saoura

MAN\u27S EMOTIONAL RESPONSES AND WELLBEING IN THEKASBAH OF ALGIERS

Human\u27s emotional responses to the built environment are crucial to ensure both well-being and urban consciousness. The following research aims to explore the relationship between user\u27s emotional responses to the built environment stimulus related to wellbeing. It studies people\u27s emotional response as they encounter the alleys of the Kasbah of Algiers. A group of 10 architects participated in this study; they walked through the alleys of the Kasbah of Algiers, while talking spontaneously about their emotions and feelings regarding this space, and taking simultaneously pictures of the built environment scenes that are in relation with their emotional experience. Based on the Plutchik’s works, a content analysis is conducted on this 10 architect\u27s collected testimonies. This analysis aims to identify the architect\u27s emotional response to the spatial stimulus of the Kasbah of Algiers, and its related cognitive and behavioral reactions. The results show that joy, admiration, surprise, awe and optimism are the emotional responses that address more users\u27 comfort, satisfaction and well-being in the Kasbah of Algiers. these emotional responses are related to the spatial stimulus: terraces with open view on the sea and the sky; large and proportioned lanes flooded with sun light and fresh air; and transition from close dark ambiances and spaces to open lightened ambiances and spaces like the transition in the Kasbah dwellings from the \u27\u27Skifa\u27\u27 to the \u27\u27patio\u27\u27 and from the \u27\u27rooms and stairs\u27\u27 to the \u27\u27terrace\u27\u27, or the transition from the \u27\u27alley\u27\u27 to the \u27\u27impasse\u27\u27 especially the covered impasses with low ceilings

The fate of water in the oasis of Ouakda between traditional systems and modern (Region of Béchar, Southwest, Algeria)

One of the subjects that touch the field of environment is undoubtedly the traditional catchment systems and drainage divide in the oasis. The ancestral techniques such as wells chadouf, quanat, Khettara and foggaras have protected the oasis and the man in the past. These techniques were used in an arid middle by the oasis dwellers and resisted to a hostile climate for centuries. In spite of the low rainfall in the region of our oasis, the oasis dwellers of Ouakda through their intelligence, they were able to cultivate their land without disturbing a fragile ecosystem through exploitation of groundwater table thanks to the use of foggaras with the small distance which does not exceed 100 m. But the intervention of modern systems of water catchment like deep boreholes which overexploiting nonrenewable tablecloths and the pumps large capacity, the man has completely destroyed a clean environment. Today, thanks to these pumping, the groundwater level has dropped considerably; soil salinity is remarkable on all the parcels of the old palm grove and the Oued. We try in this Article to study the history of traditional techniques of water catchments in the oasis of Ouakda, to do a comparison between the ancestral systems used in the another oasis in this oasis, to study the impact of the motor pumps on the degradation of traditional systems and detrimental effects (Soil salinity and the phenomenon of lowering of the groundwater) after the use of modern techniques of water catchment.Keywords: Oasis, Ouakda, Foggara, Wells, Chadouf, motor pump

Phytochemical Screening and Antioxidant Activities of Different Organic Extracts of Three Algerian Plants

We compared the phytochemical constituents and antioxidant activities of three important species of Lamiaceae in Algeria (Mentha spicata, Ocimum basilicum and Thymus algeriensis). We noticed that the M. spicata species contains the largest fraction of phenolic and flavonoid products (231 and 22 mg / g) than the other two species studied. Other hand we founded that the two species M. spicata and T. algeriensis show excellent antioxidant activity in the ethanolic extract according to the two tests (DPPH and ABTS) compared to the ascorbic acid of reference. But the specie O. basilicum has good antioxidant activity in aqueous extraction. This Lamiaceae family takes an important place in the lives of Algerians citizens, so this species are very good source of natural antioxidant compounds in algerian traditional medicine. Keywords: Antioxidant activity, Lamiaceae, Mentha spicata, Ocimum basilicum and Thymus algeriensis, DPPH

Simulation Study of the Upper-limb Wrench Feasible Set with Glenohumeral Joint Constraints

The aim of this work is to improve musculoskeletal-based models of the upper-limb Wrench Feasible Set i.e. the set of achievable maximal wrenches at the hand for applications in collaborative robotics and computer aided ergonomics. In particular, a recent method performing wrench capacity evaluation called the Iterative Convex Hull Method is upgraded in order to integrate non dislocation and compression limitation constraints at the glenohumeral joint not taken into account in the available models. Their effects on the amplitude of the force capacities at the hand, glenohumeral joint reaction forces and upper-limb muscles coordination in comparison to the original iterative convex hull method are investigated in silico. The results highlight the glenohumeral potential dislocation for the majority of elements of the wrench feasible set with the original Iterative Convex Hull method and the fact that the modifications satisfy correctly stability constraints at the glenohumeral joint. Also, the induced muscles coordination pattern favors the action of stabilizing muscles, in particular the rotator-cuff muscles, and lowers that of known potential destabilizing ones according to the literature.Comment: 30 pages (double spacing), 10 figures, 2 table

Les techniques traditionnelles de captage et de partage des eaux d'irrigation dans l'Oasis de Béni Ounif (Région de Béchar, Sud-Ouest, Algérie)

For centuries, the oasis dwellers of the Béni Ounif used techniques for acquisition of groundwater to meet the domestic needs of the population of Ksar and garden irrigation. The oasis dwellers were able to master the management of water through these processes. Despite a low annual rainfall, they were able to manage critical situations of prolonged droughts while protecting their environment. These ancient techniques such as traditional wells including foggaras have proven effective in the past. However with the addition of modern methods of water catchment (boreholes and pumps), the ancestral techniques of irrigation degraded from one year to another and their future is threatened. The use of new systems of pumping of groundwater by drilling, and not taken into effective charge of Foggaras, made this system to lose its value which deteriorates while the palm groves disappear. The overpumping causes a significant decrease of the level of the groundwater. Soil salinization is widespread throughout the oasis and water pollution has even reached the whole tablecloth of the oasis. Over 80% of these systems have been abandoned in recent years. However, during the years 2007 and 2008, different rehabilitation projects have been launched by the concerned departments and even some oasis dwellers have started processes to maintain several foggaras, sources and seguias. This study aims to analyze the traditional techniques of capture and sharing of waters of the oasis of Béni Ounif

Study of DIC hydrothermal treatment effect on rheological properties of standard maize (SMS), waxy maize (WMS), wheat (WTS) and potato (PTS) starches

International audienceStandard maize (SMS), waxy maize (WMS), wheat (WTS) and potato (PTS) starches were hydrothermally treated by Instantaneous Controlled Pressure Drop (DIC) process at different pressure levels (1, 2 and 3 bar) corresponding to the temperatures of 100, 122 and 136 C, respectively. The rheological properties and particle size of treated starches under various conditions were compared to the native ones. The results showed for all starches, except for WTS, a reduction of the consistency coefficient and the yield stress (s0) with increased intensity of the hydrothermal treatment conditions. Furthermore, s0 vanished for severe treatment conditions. The DIC treatment yielded an increased fluidity and a loss of the conservative modulus of the pastes, as a result of partial gelatinization of starch granules. The extent of the observed effect depended on the botanical origin. Wheat starch exhibited a different behaviour: the consistency coefficient and the conservative modulus being higher for DIC treated starch except for the most severe conditions