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Depression, distress and their association with patterns of psychoactive substance use during the COVID-19 emergency state in Latvia
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SociÄlÄ darba vÄrdnÄ«ca
Get PDFSociÄlÄ darba vÄrdnÄ«ca ir tapusi, apzinoties nepiecieÅ”amÄ«bu pÄc informatÄ«va un atbalstoÅ”a rÄ«ka sociÄlÄ darba praksÄ, sociÄlÄ darba izglÄ«tÄ«bas nodroÅ”inÄÅ”anÄ un sociÄlÄs politikas veidoÅ”anÄ, lai veicinÄtu vienotu izpratni sociÄlÄ darba terminoloÄ£ijas lietojumÄ latvieÅ”u valodÄ.
PastÄvot kopÄjÄm globÄlÄ sociÄlÄ darba attÄ«stÄ«bas tendencÄm, katrÄ pasaules reÄ£ionÄ un katrÄ valstÄ« sociÄlais darbs attÄ«stÄs, Åemot vÄrÄ vietÄjÄs vajadzÄ«bas, kultÅ«ru, sociÄlekonomisko situÄciju un labklÄjÄ«bas valsts modeli. AttÄ«stoties profesijai, attÄ«stÄs arÄ« profesijÄ lietotÄ valoda un terminoloÄ£ija, kas ir nozÄ«mÄ«ga kÄ sociÄlÄ darba speciÄlistu saskarsmÄ ar pakalpojumu lietotÄjiem, tÄ arÄ« savstarpÄjÄ komunikÄcijÄ un starpprofesionÄlajÄ sadarbÄ«bÄ.
ProfesijÄ lietotÄ valoda, tÄpat kÄ valoda kopumÄ, gan atspoguļo, gan konstruÄ noteiktu pasaules ainu, tÄ ir bÅ«tisks instruments profesionÄlÄs darbÄ«bas interpretÄcijÄ, speciÄlistu sadarbÄ«bÄ un profesijas paÅ”izpratnÄ. SociÄlÄ darbinieka lietotÄ valoda var ievirzÄ«t to, kÄdÄ veidÄ sociÄlais darbinieks redz noteiktu problÄmu vai tÄs risinÄjumu, kÄ arÄ« to, kÄ izprot cilvÄkus, kuriem palÄ«dz. VÄrdi ir valodas pamatvienÄ«bas, tie apzÄ«mÄ priekÅ”metus un parÄdÄ«bas, to attiecÄ«bas, vÄrdi palÄ«dz izprast pasauli, bet, aplam lietoti, tie var arÄ« maldinÄt. TÄpÄc ir svarÄ«gi iedziļinÄties lietoto vÄrdu nozÄ«mÄs, lai noskaidrotu, ko tie atklÄj par sociÄlÄ darba bÅ«tÄ«bu.VÄrdnÄ«ca izstrÄdÄta LU SociÄlo zinÄtÅu fakultÄtes SociÄlo un politisko pÄtÄ«jumu institÅ«tÄ
pÄc LabklÄjÄ«bas ministrijas pasÅ«tÄ«juma ar Eiropas SociÄlÄ fonda finansiÄlu atbalstu pro
jekta Nr. 9.2.1.1/15/I/001 āProfesionÄla sociÄlÄ darba attÄ«stÄ«ba paÅ”valdÄ«bÄsā ietvaros
The quality of perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis in Pauls Stradins Clinical University Hospital
No full textIevads. ĶirurÄ£iskÄs brÅ«ces infekcija (ĶBI) pagarina stacionÄÅ”anas laiku, rada papildu izmaksas un paaugstina mirstÄ«bu. VisbÅ«tiskÄk ĶBI attÄ«stÄ«bas risku samazina kvalitatÄ«vi veikta perioperatÄ«vÄ antibiotiku profilakse (PAP), taÄu vÄrojama zema tÄs atbilstÄ«ba vadlÄ«nijÄm. PiemÄrota PAP ir arÄ« bÅ«tisks elements antibiotiku rezistences kontrolÄ un viens no antibiotiku pÄrvaldÄ«bas principiem. Darba mÄrÄ·is. IzvÄrtÄt Paula StradiÅa KlÄ«niskÄs UniversitÄtes slimnÄ«cas (PSKUS) Ä·irurÄ£ijas profila nodaļu veiktÄs PAP atbilstÄ«bu vietÄjÄm vadlÄ«nijÄm. Noskaidrot, vai ir vÄrojama PAP kvalitÄtes uzlaboÅ”anÄs pÄc 2013. un 2014. gadÄ veiktajiem auditiem un intervencÄm ginekoloÄ£ijas, abdominÄlÄs un sirds Ä·irurÄ£ijas nodaļÄs. Darba metodes. PSKUS Ä·irurÄ£ijas profila nodaļÄs tika veikts prospektÄ«vs pÄtÄ«jums 2017. gada martÄ un aprÄ«lÄ«. PÄtÄ«jums ilga divas nedÄļas (10 darba dienas) katrÄ nodaÄ¼Ä un tajÄ tika iekļauti visi pacienti, kuri stacionÄti plÄnveida operÄcijÄm. Datu vÄkÅ”anai visÄs nodaļÄs tika izmantots viens standartizÄts protokols. RezultÄtÄ tika analizÄta piecu PAP kvalitÄtes indikatoru (indikÄcija, antibiotikas izvÄle, pirmÄs devas ievades laiks, papildu devas ievade un PAP ilgums) atbilstÄ«ba vietÄjÄm vadlÄ«nijÄm. IepriekÅ”Äjie auditi 2013. un 2014. gadÄ veikti PSKUS abdominÄlÄs, sirds Ä·irurÄ£ijas un ginekoloÄ£ijas nodaļÄs. RezultÄti. PÄtÄ«jumÄ iekļauti 346 pacienti. PAP vispÄrÄjÄ atbilstÄ«ba vadlÄ«nijÄm, Åemot vÄrÄ visus piecus kvalitÄtes indikatorus, bija 35%. PAP bija indicÄta 66,8%, bet tÄ izrakstÄ«ta 78%. ViszemÄkÄ atbilstÄ«ba vadlÄ«nijÄm bija sirds Ä·irurÄ£ijas nodaÄ¼Ä - 5%, kÄ arÄ« uroloÄ£ijas (8%) nodaļÄ. BiežÄk izmantotÄ antibiotika, kas nozÄ«mÄta 40,2%, bija cefuroksims. Ceftriaksons lietots 5,5% un 3,3% tas lietots kombinÄcijÄ ar metronidazolu. VairÄk nekÄ 60 minÅ«tes pirms plÄnotÄs incÄ«zijas PAP ievadÄ«ta 3,7%, bet 6,3% tÄ ievadÄ«ta pÄc incÄ«zijas. IlgÄk par 24 stundÄm PAP turpinÄja saÅemt 42,8%, mediÄnais PAP ilgums bija 5,5 dienas. SecinÄjumi. PÄc pirmÄ audita 2013. gadÄ, bija vÄrojams uzlabojams visÄs auditos iekļautajÄs nodaļÄs, taÄu Å”ajÄ pÄtÄ«jumÄ (2017. gadÄ veiktajÄ auditÄ) rezultÄti pasliktinÄjuÅ”ies, kas liecina par nepiecieÅ”amÄ«bu Å”Äda veida auditus veikt regulÄri. ViszemÄkÄ atbilstÄ«ba vadlÄ«nijÄm lÄ«dzÄ«gi kÄ publicÄtajos pÄtÄ«jumos ir PAP ilgumÄ, bet visaugstÄkÄ ā PAP ievades laikÄ.Background. Surgical site infections (SSIs) prolong hospitalization, create additional costs associated with hospital stay and increase mortality. They can be prevented with the use of appropriate perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis (PAP), which is also an important element in the control of antimicrobial resistance and one of the principles in antimicrobial stewardship. However, compliance with PAP guidelines is unsatisfactory. Objective. To assess current compliance with the PAP local guidelines in Pauls Stradins Clinical University Hospital (PSCUH) surgical wards. To determine whether the quality of PAP has improved from similar audits done in 2013 and 2014 and following intervetions in gynaecology, abdominal surgery and cardiac surgery wards. Methods. A prospective cross-sectional study of PAP for elective procedures in PSCUH surgical wards was performed. The duration of the study was ten working days for each ward and it was performed from March to April 2017. To evaluate the adherence to guidelines, a standartized protocol was used and five quality indicators were registered: indication, choice of antibiotic, timing of the first dose, additional dose during operation and duration of PAP. Previous studies were performed in 2013 and 2014 in abdominal, gynaecology and cardiac surgery wards. Results. In total data from 346 patients were collected. Full compliance, based on adherence to all five quality indicators, was marked in 35% of all cases. PAP was indicated in 66,8% of cases, although it was administred in 78%. The lowest compliance with the guidelines was in cardiac surgery - 5% and urology 8% ward. The most prescribed antibiotic for PAP was cefuroxime ā 40,2%. Ceftriaxone was used in 5,5% of cases and in 3,3% it was used in combination with metronidazole. PAP was given more than 60 minutes before the planned incision in 3,7% and in 6,3% administred after the incision. 42,8% continued to receive PAP 24 hours after the surgery. The median duration of PAP was 5,5 days. Conclusions. After the first audit in 2013, an improvement was made in all five quality indicators. Nonetheless, the overall results have worsen since then, which indicates that routine audits should be conducted further. Similar to the results of other published studies, the lowest compliance with guidelines is in the duration of PAP and the highest in the PAP administration time
The quality of perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis in Pauls Stradins Clinical University Hospital
No full textIevads. ĶirurÄ£iskÄs brÅ«ces infekcija (ĶBI) pagarina stacionÄÅ”anas laiku, rada papildu izmaksas un paaugstina mirstÄ«bu. VisbÅ«tiskÄk ĶBI attÄ«stÄ«bas risku samazina kvalitatÄ«vi veikta perioperatÄ«vÄ antibiotiku profilakse (PAP), taÄu vÄrojama zema tÄs atbilstÄ«ba vadlÄ«nijÄm. PiemÄrota PAP ir arÄ« bÅ«tisks elements antibiotiku rezistences kontrolÄ un viens no antibiotiku pÄrvaldÄ«bas principiem. Darba mÄrÄ·is. IzvÄrtÄt Paula StradiÅa KlÄ«niskÄs UniversitÄtes slimnÄ«cas (PSKUS) Ä·irurÄ£ijas profila nodaļu veiktÄs PAP atbilstÄ«bu vietÄjÄm vadlÄ«nijÄm. Noskaidrot, vai ir vÄrojama PAP kvalitÄtes uzlaboÅ”anÄs pÄc 2013. un 2014. gadÄ veiktajiem auditiem un intervencÄm ginekoloÄ£ijas, abdominÄlÄs un sirds Ä·irurÄ£ijas nodaļÄs. Darba metodes. PSKUS Ä·irurÄ£ijas profila nodaļÄs tika veikts prospektÄ«vs pÄtÄ«jums 2017. gada martÄ un aprÄ«lÄ«. PÄtÄ«jums ilga divas nedÄļas (10 darba dienas) katrÄ nodaÄ¼Ä un tajÄ tika iekļauti visi pacienti, kuri stacionÄti plÄnveida operÄcijÄm. Datu vÄkÅ”anai visÄs nodaļÄs tika izmantots viens standartizÄts protokols. RezultÄtÄ tika analizÄta piecu PAP kvalitÄtes indikatoru (indikÄcija, antibiotikas izvÄle, pirmÄs devas ievades laiks, papildu devas ievade un PAP ilgums) atbilstÄ«ba vietÄjÄm vadlÄ«nijÄm. IepriekÅ”Äjie auditi 2013. un 2014. gadÄ veikti PSKUS abdominÄlÄs, sirds Ä·irurÄ£ijas un ginekoloÄ£ijas nodaļÄs. RezultÄti. PÄtÄ«jumÄ iekļauti 346 pacienti. PAP vispÄrÄjÄ atbilstÄ«ba vadlÄ«nijÄm, Åemot vÄrÄ visus piecus kvalitÄtes indikatorus, bija 35%. PAP bija indicÄta 66,8%, bet tÄ izrakstÄ«ta 78%. ViszemÄkÄ atbilstÄ«ba vadlÄ«nijÄm bija sirds Ä·irurÄ£ijas nodaÄ¼Ä - 5%, kÄ arÄ« uroloÄ£ijas (8%) nodaļÄ. BiežÄk izmantotÄ antibiotika, kas nozÄ«mÄta 40,2%, bija cefuroksims. Ceftriaksons lietots 5,5% un 3,3% tas lietots kombinÄcijÄ ar metronidazolu. VairÄk nekÄ 60 minÅ«tes pirms plÄnotÄs incÄ«zijas PAP ievadÄ«ta 3,7%, bet 6,3% tÄ ievadÄ«ta pÄc incÄ«zijas. IlgÄk par 24 stundÄm PAP turpinÄja saÅemt 42,8%, mediÄnais PAP ilgums bija 5,5 dienas. SecinÄjumi. PÄc pirmÄ audita 2013. gadÄ, bija vÄrojams uzlabojams visÄs auditos iekļautajÄs nodaļÄs, taÄu Å”ajÄ pÄtÄ«jumÄ (2017. gadÄ veiktajÄ auditÄ) rezultÄti pasliktinÄjuÅ”ies, kas liecina par nepiecieÅ”amÄ«bu Å”Äda veida auditus veikt regulÄri. ViszemÄkÄ atbilstÄ«ba vadlÄ«nijÄm lÄ«dzÄ«gi kÄ publicÄtajos pÄtÄ«jumos ir PAP ilgumÄ, bet visaugstÄkÄ ā PAP ievades laikÄ.Background. Surgical site infections (SSIs) prolong hospitalization, create additional costs associated with hospital stay and increase mortality. They can be prevented with the use of appropriate perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis (PAP), which is also an important element in the control of antimicrobial resistance and one of the principles in antimicrobial stewardship. However, compliance with PAP guidelines is unsatisfactory. Objective. To assess current compliance with the PAP local guidelines in Pauls Stradins Clinical University Hospital (PSCUH) surgical wards. To determine whether the quality of PAP has improved from similar audits done in 2013 and 2014 and following intervetions in gynaecology, abdominal surgery and cardiac surgery wards. Methods. A prospective cross-sectional study of PAP for elective procedures in PSCUH surgical wards was performed. The duration of the study was ten working days for each ward and it was performed from March to April 2017. To evaluate the adherence to guidelines, a standartized protocol was used and five quality indicators were registered: indication, choice of antibiotic, timing of the first dose, additional dose during operation and duration of PAP. Previous studies were performed in 2013 and 2014 in abdominal, gynaecology and cardiac surgery wards. Results. In total data from 346 patients were collected. Full compliance, based on adherence to all five quality indicators, was marked in 35% of all cases. PAP was indicated in 66,8% of cases, although it was administred in 78%. The lowest compliance with the guidelines was in cardiac surgery - 5% and urology 8% ward. The most prescribed antibiotic for PAP was cefuroxime ā 40,2%. Ceftriaxone was used in 5,5% of cases and in 3,3% it was used in combination with metronidazole. PAP was given more than 60 minutes before the planned incision in 3,7% and in 6,3% administred after the incision. 42,8% continued to receive PAP 24 hours after the surgery. The median duration of PAP was 5,5 days. Conclusions. After the first audit in 2013, an improvement was made in all five quality indicators. Nonetheless, the overall results have worsen since then, which indicates that routine audits should be conducted further. Similar to the results of other published studies, the lowest compliance with guidelines is in the duration of PAP and the highest in the PAP administration time
