Solitary Eosinophilic Granuloma in the Lumbar Spine: Case Report

A case of a 3-year-old patient with osteolytic lesion in the lumbar region is presented. The clinic-radiological suspicion was infection, primary or metastatic tumor of spine. Subsequently, a CT guided biopsy proved an eosinophilic granuloma of bone. Following medical treatment after two month, there was improvement in patient medical status

Secondary Brain Lymphoma in a Case of Breast Diffused Large B-Cell Lymphoma: Case Report

Secondary central nervous system lymphoma (SCNSL) is known as a rare disease. The risk factor of developing SCNSL is primary lymphoma type and site of involvement. We present a patient with an altered mental status known case of breast diffused large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) who underwent stereotactic biopsy because of a left periventricular mass lesion, which diagnosed as secondary brain lymphoma after pathologic typing. Because of limited data about the secondary central nervous system, lymphoma and it is a risk factor, we reported an aggressive breast DLBCL with brain involvement

Blurred Vision in a Patient Suffering from Endometriosis and Epilepsy

A 25-year-old lady was referred to Basir eye clinic for the visual evoked potential examination. Her medical history showed she had endometriosis and epilepsy, for which she used dienogest and carbamazepine. Certain drugs produce visual disturbances, which can be diagnosed based on the visual evoked potential examination

Optimization of puffed corn-fish snack extrusion conditions using response surface methodology

To optimize the extrusion conditions of novelty developed puffed corn-fish snack, Response Surface Methodology was performed. Feed rate (810-1206 g/min), temperature (105-125ºC) and screw speed (146- 208 rpm) were considered as 3 independent variables. Expansion ratio, density, sensory texture, overall acceptability, linear distance and count peak were used as dependent variables. Density and expansion ratio were significantly (p 0.94). Optimum condition was found at 116ºC, feed rate at1107 g/min and screw speed at 148 rpm, where the expansion ratio of 5.5 and density of 41.92 kg/m3 were obtained. Besides, the effect of feed rate (0.5-1.5 kg/min) on textural properties was individually studied. A quadratic model (R2 >0.95) was found for expansion ratio versus feed rate while density showed a cubic regression model (R2 >0.80) verses feed rate

Assessment of the toxicity effects of nicotine on sperm and IVF and the potential protective role of silymarin—an experimental study in mice

Abstract Background: Male infertility is usually caused via the inability to produce adequate quantities of healthy and active sperms. Nicotine (NIC) is an alkaloid organic compound, predominantly found in the leaves of the tobacco plant. The major part of the nicotine is not ionized, so it can easily pass through cell membranes. Meanwhile, most of the disorders are caused by oxidative stress due to oxygen free radicals and other reactive species. Antioxidant supplements and antioxidant-rich foods can reduce induced oxidative stress without becoming destabilized themselves. This study aimed to examine spermato-protective potential of silymarin (SIL), on sperm and in vitro fertility (IVF) rate in nicotine-treated mice. Results: Our results show a significant increase in the number of abnormal sperm morphology after nicotine exposure, when compared to control groups (p < 0.05). On the other hand, SIL had a significant effect on the sperm count at each of the treated doses. Further, in the mice that received nicotine plus silymarin, the viable sperm percentage and the progressive sperm motility were significant (p < 0.05). Also, a significant reduction in the number of two-cell embryos and blastocyst-derived embryo was seen with increment in the number of dead embryos in mice receiving nicotine alone (p < 0.05). Conclusions: In conclusion, SIL could support prevention of the adverse reproductive effects of nicotine. Moreover, SIL200 mg/kg may be therefore considered as a spermato-protective agent in dietary and herbal supplements. © 2020, The Author(s). Author:Antioxidant, Fertility, In vitro fertility, Nicotine, Silymarin, Spermatogenesi

Analyzing the Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Different Educational Aspects of Surgical Specialties’ Residency Program: A Preliminary Report

Introduction: The lifestyle and learning of trainees from different surgical specialties have been severely affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite the growing body of research, the extent to which their surgical or educational performance is affected is not yet well-understood. We investigated the Iranian multi-specialty surgical residents nationwide to clarify the extent this new pandemic’s has affected their surgical and educational activities. Material and Methods: Our specialized board designed a questionnaire which was sent to residents from the 18th of May to 12th of Jun 2020. The questionnaire comprised demographic data, questions on the clinical, surgical, and educational activities during and before the pandemic. Results: Out of 700 eligible residents, 543 (77%) submitted their answers to all questions. 417 (76.8%) of the respondents declared they had spent their residency program at a hospital that was the main referral center for patients with COVID-19 infection. The weekly number of the outpatient and emergent visits decreased by one third (P&lt;0.001) and one-half (P&lt;0.001), respectively, following the pandemic. Also, the amount of surgeries has dramatically decreased (P&lt;0.001). The median weekly hours devoted to face-to-face activities decreased, while the study time increased and the share of virtual education has a five-fold increase (P&lt;0.001). Conclusion: This pandemic had a significant impact on many aspects of training in surgical specialties’ residency program in Iran. Increasing the time available to study is an opportunity, and online education, despite its challenges, has been effective

Studying the effects of fish muscle incorporation on storage stability of a novel corn-fish snack

To investigate the effect of minced fish incorporation on storage stability of a puffed corn-fish snack, treatments including 15% silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) meat and 85% corn (seasoned and unseasoned) were produced by a twin screw extruder. The peroxide values (PVs) of treatments increased (P  0.05) was found for crispiness and color. Also, no microbial growth was observed during storage. The storage stability of the seasoned corn-fish snack and the control was obtained 28 and 33 weeks, respectively

Clinical and histological evaluation of increase in the residual ridge width using mineralized corticocancellous block allografts: A pilot study

Background. Lateral ridge augmentation is conventionally accomplished by means of autogenous bone grafts. However, due to its complications, the application of autogenous bone graft substitutes, e.g. mineralized corticocancellous allograft, is recommended. Methods. In the present study, twelve patients were included, with insufficient alveolar ridge widths in the designated sites for dental implant placement. During the primary surgery, mineralized corticocancellous block allografts were fixed in deficient sites with titanium screws and resorbable collagen membranes were used to cover the blocks. After a period of six months, a flap was raised and variations in ridge width values was measured. Finally, a micro-biopsy was obtained from the sites for histologic investigation prior to preparing them for subsequent implant placement. Results. All the applied blocks were incorporated into the underlying bone except for one. A statistically significant difference was seen between the average ridge widths before placing the allografts compared with that of implant placement stage (2.62±1.02 mm vs. 7.75±1.63 mm, respectively). Vital bone tissue was detected in all the histological specimens obtained from the interface of blocks and the underlying bone. Conclusion. The results suggest that mineralized corticocancellous block allografts might be used as scaffolds for bone growth and ridge width augmentation

Estimation of Bed Shear Stress in Shallow Transitional Flows under Condition of Incipient Motion of Sand Particles Using Turbulence Characteristics

In this experimental study, using an ADV, experiments were performed in three different shallow water flows under hydraulically transitional flow condition to estimate the bed shear stress using turbulence characteristics. Vertical distributions of all shear and normal Reynolds stresses as well as TKE were evaluated and simplified in order to estimate bed shear stress under incipient motion of four groups of sand particles. To determine bed shear stress, as the main approach, the linear portion of the −u′w′ profiles were extended towards the channel bed. The necessity of the approach of the vector addition of −u′w′ and −v′w′ in this experimental study was examined. It was found that the bed shear stress can be effectively estimated by multiplying the values of u′20, v′20, w′20 and TKE0 by 0.17, 0.33, 1.24 and 0.2, respectively. However, it was found that these values were slightly proportional to the shear Reynolds number. Additionally, the one-point measurement approach was assessed. The TKE method which applies all three components of Reynolds normal stresses was preferred to the u′2, v′2 and w′2 methods. Results showed that, u′20, v′20 and w′20 have values of 60.5, 31.3 and 8.2 percent of the total, respectively