Molecular analysis of the mitochondrial markers COI, 12S rDNA and 16S rDNA for six species of Iranian scorpions

Objectives Annually, 1.2 million humans are stung by scorpions and severely affected by their venom. Some of the scorpion species of medical importance have a similar morphology to species with low toxicity. To establish diagnostic tools for surveying scorpions, the current study was conducted to generate three mitochondrial markers, Cytochrome Oxidase I (COI gene), 12S rDNA and 16S rDNA for six species of medically important Iranian scorpions: Androctonus crassicauda, Hottentotta saulcyi, Mesobuthus caucasicus, M. eupeus, Odontobuthus doriae, and Scorpio maurus. Results Phylogenetic analyses of the obtained sequences corroborated the morphological identification. For the first time, 12S rDNA sequences are reported from Androctonus crassicauda, Hottentotta saulcyi, Mesobuthus caucasicus and M. eupeus and also the 16S rDNA sequence from Hottentotta saulcyi. We conclude that the mitochondrial markers are useful for species determination among these medically important species of scorpions

Clinical Report Multiple Cutaneous Inverted Papilloma in a German shepherd Dog

Abstract Case Description-In this clinical report, occurrence of a rare case of canine cutaneous inverted papilloma was discussed. A 4-year-old, intact, male German shepherd dog was presented with multiple skin lesions, located on the inguinal region near the root of penis, which have been progressively growing since two months ago. In close examination of the lesions multiple, firm, painful, and cup-shaped nodules in different sizes with a central pore filled with keratin were observed. Treatment and Outcome-Surgical excision and histological evaluation was done. Histologically this tumor was characterized by endophytic projections of the epidermis extending into dermis.Cytopathic effects included ballooning degeneration of keratinocytes, koilocytosis, irregularity of keratohyalin granules, and margination of nuclear chromatin. Numerous eosinophilic intranuclear inclusions were present within keratinocytes of endophytic lesion. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells were intensely positive for pancytokeratin. On the basis of histopathological and clinical findings, the tumor was diagnosed as multiple cutaneous inverted papilloma. There was no recurrence or any other complications in post operative monitoring. Clinical Relevance-Inverted papillomas are relatively uncommon in dogs; whereas, the incidence of this tumor in the inguinal region is uncommon. Treatment of inverted papilloma was completed by surgical excision in ablating the tumor masses and preventing re-growth. 92 Case Description A 4-year-old, intact, male German shepherd dog was presented for treatment of multiple skin lesions, located on the inguinal region near the root of penis. The owner declared that the masses have been growing up rapidly through two months prior to presentation. On clinical examination; all vital signs (heart Rate, respiratory rate and rectal temperature) were in the normal range. On dermatological examination, multiple, firm, painful, and cup-shaped nodules in different sizes with a central pore filled with keratin were observed and the masses had well-demarcated border Treatment and Outcome Based on the clinical examination, cutaneous neoplasia was suspected and complete surgical excision of the masses was recommended. The dog was premedicated with 0/05 mg/kg acepromazine (KELA Laboratoria) intramusculary and anesthesia intravenously was induced with 10 mg/kg thiopental sodium (Sandoz) and was maintained with halothane 2% (Halothane BP, Nicholas Piramal). An elliptical incision was made in the skin around the lesion and the masses were dissected from subcutaneous tissues. The skin was sutured with Nylon (Monofil Polyamid, Supa) USP: 2/0 in interrupted suture pattern. Postoperative care included Cefazoline (Exir Pharmaceutrical Co.) at 20 mg/kg intramuscularly, every 12 hours for 3 days. The removed masses were fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin, processed routinely, embedded in paraffin, sectioned at 5 µm thickness, stained with hematoxylin and eosin, and studied with a routine light microscope. Immunohistochemistry of additional section was performed with Avidin-Biotin complex method by using monoclonal antibodies for pancytokeratin antibody (1/500). Microscopic examination at the nodules revealed cupshaped epidermal proliferation with centripetal papillary projections into dermi

The Effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Treatment on Depression and Optimism among Women with Breast Cancer during Chemotherapy

Background: A breast cancer diagnosis can be a disturbing and stressful time for women. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction treatment depression and optimism during chemotherapy among women with breast cancer. Methods: This study was a quasi-experimental one with a group of pre-test, post-test, and controls. In this study, 26 women with breast cancer detection were identified from the referring patients to the Imam Hossein Hospital's oncology and radiotherapy division in Tehran, 2019-2020.  Using the method of convenience sampling, the experimental (n=13) and control groups (n=13) were randomly allocated. The study group regularly engaged in mindfulness sessions for 8 weeks (each session lasting 90-120 minutes). In the BDI-II Beck Depression Inventory-II and happiness questionnaires, customers/clients in both the experimental and control groups completed.  Data were analyzed by using a univariate covariance test in SPSS 23 software. Results: According to the findings, there was a significant difference in depression and optimism among breast cancer patients, (Pvalue<0.05). Also, the mean overall depression score for women with breast cancer in the therapy session was considerably lower than the pre-test score, although optimism was significantly higher than the pre-test score (Pvalue<0.05). Conclusion: The results of this study support the use of MBSR to minimize symptom burden in women with breast cancer. As a result, the effectiveness of MBSR in reducing depression symptoms and improving confidence has been approved. Keywords:  Mindfulness, Depression, Optimism, Women with breast cancer, Chemotherap

The Effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Treatment on Depression and Optimism among Women with Breast Cancer during Chemotherapy

Background: A breast cancer diagnosis can be a disturbing and stressful time for women. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction treatment depression and optimism during chemotherapy among women with breast cancer. Methods: This study was a quasi-experimental one with a group of pre-test, post-test, and controls. In this study, 26 women with breast cancer detection were identified from the referring patients to the Imam Hossein Hospital's oncology and radiotherapy division in Tehran, 2019-2020.  Using the method of convenience sampling, the experimental (n=13) and control groups (n=13) were randomly allocated. The study group regularly engaged in mindfulness sessions for 8 weeks (each session lasting 90-120 minutes). In the BDI-II Beck Depression Inventory-II and happiness questionnaires, customers/clients in both the experimental and control groups completed.  Data were analyzed by using a univariate covariance test in SPSS 23 software. Results: According to the findings, there was a significant difference in depression and optimism among breast cancer patients, (Pvalue<0.05). Also, the mean overall depression score for women with breast cancer in the therapy session was considerably lower than the pre-test score, although optimism was significantly higher than the pre-test score (Pvalue<0.05). Conclusion: The results of this study support the use of MBSR to minimize symptom burden in women with breast cancer. As a result, the effectiveness of MBSR in reducing depression symptoms and improving confidence has been approved. Keywords:  Mindfulness, Depression, Optimism, Women with breast cancer, Chemotherap

Impact of Opium Addiction on Levels of Pro- and Anti-inflammatory Cytokines after ‎Surgery

Background: Opium addiction alters immune responses to stresses such as an injury due to changing the secretion of cytokines. The present study assessed the effect of opium addiction on the cytokines [tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), interferon-γ (IFN-γ), interleukin-4 (IL-4), and IL-10] before and after laparotomy. Methods: Male rats were randomly divided into control and opium addicted (n = 20). Then, cytokines were measured before surgery, immediately after surgery (within 30-60 minutes) and 24 hours after surgery. Findings: IFN-γ was raised in an addicted group in three phases of the study as compared to that of the control group. IL-4 in opium addicted group decreased in two phases after surgery compared to the control group. IL-4 was lower after surgery in comparison to before surgery in the opium addicted group. The difference in IL-10 and TNFα levels was not statistically significant in the all groups measured in three phases of the investigation. Conclusion: The results revealed that opium addiction can increase plasma level of IFN-γ in rats and decrease plasma level of IL-4 after surgical stress. It seems that opium addicted rats are a more susceptible to increased inflammation

Non – Detection of HPV DNA in Prostatic Cancer and Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: a case- control study in Kerman

Background: Different studies assessed the role of inflammation in malignancy of different organs. Prostatitis has been suggested as a cause of cancer and BPH. Till now, more than 100 types of human Papilloma virus (HPV) are recognized including low and high-risk groups for carcinogenesis. Among them HPV-16 and HPV-18 have shown further association with cancer. Regarding the presence of E6 and E7 in HPV and ability for modification of basal epithelial cells, related role in prostate cancer (as well as cervical and genital malignancies) is hypothesized. The aim of this study was to determine the association of HPV-16 and HPV-18 with prostate cancer and malignancy degree. Methods: A total of 75 consecutive paraffin-embedded blocks including 50 samples with primary prostate cancer and 25 samples with benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) as control were studied. Amplisense kit was used for replication at real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to determine genotypes of HPV-16 and HPV-18. DNA purity was assessed by Nano Drop. Results: The results of real-time PCR demonstrated that none of the samples of BPH and prostate cancer had amplification of HPV DNA. Conclusion: The results revealed that HPV-16 and HPV-18 are not causes of prostate cancer

Detection of tetracycline resistance genes, aminoglycoside modifying enzymes, and coagulase gene typing of clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus in the Southwest of Iran

Objective(s): The aim of the present study was to determine the aminoglycoside modifying enzymes (AMEs) encoded genes, tetracycline resistance genes, and the coa based typing of Staphylococcus aureus isolates in the Southwest of Iran. Materials and Methods: Antimicrobial susceptibility of isolates was carried out by agar disk diffusion methods. Two sets of multiplex PCR mixture were used for detection of AME genes and tet genes.  All of the isolates were typed with the coagulase gene typing method. Of the 121 isolates, 29.75% and 47.93% were resistant to at least one aminoglycosides and tetracyclines, respectively. Results: The aac(6')-Ie-aph(2'') was the most frequent gene (97.22%), and aph (3')-IIIa and ant (4')-Ia genes were detected in 61.11% and 11.11% of aminoglycoside resistant isolates, respectively. The tetK and tetM genes were detected in 82.75% and 56.9% of tetracycline resistant isolates, respectively. Overall 31.4% of isolates were MRSA. Totally 17 distinct coa gene RFLP patterns, numbered C1 to C17, were observed.  The C5 was the most frequent coa type with 31 isolates. Conclusion: The aac(6')-Ie-aph(2'') and aph (3')-IIIa genes were the most important genes contributing to aminoglycosides resistance, while resistance to tetracyclines was mediated by tetK and tetM genes. Interestingly all S. aureus with C5 as the most prevalent coa-type were resistant to at least one of the aminoglycoside antibiotics and tetracycline simultaneously. Moreover, 30 out of 31 isolates with this coa type were MRSA, indicating the importance of the C5 coa-type in MRSA strains and also in isolates that were resistant to aminoglycosides and tetracycline

Study of the adsorption of nonionic surfactants in mesoporous adsorbents with regard to their removal from industrial waste water

In dieser Arbeit wurden die physikalisch-chemischen Grundlagen eines neuartiges Verfahrens zur Abtrennung von nichtionischen Tensiden vom Typs der Alkylethoxylate (AEO) aus wässrigen Lösungen ausgearbeitet. Das Verfahren basiert auf dem Prinzip der Temperaturwechsel-Adsorption (TWA) und erlaubt eine Auftrennung von Tensidabwässern in eine tensidreiche Fraktion (zwecks Produktrückgewinnung) und eine tensidarme Fraktion (zwecks Wasserrückgewinnung). Die Grundlage dieses Verfahrens bildet das charakteristische Adsorptionsverhalten von AEO-Tensiden an hydrophilen Oberflächen: Die Adsorptionsisothermen zeigen einen sigmoidalen Anstieg bei kleinen Konzentrationen und einen Plateauwert der Adsorption, der kurz oberhalb der kritischen Mizellkonzentration (CMC) erreicht wird und mit steigender Temperatur deutlich zunimmt. Für systematische Untersuchungen zum Adsorptionsverhalten an porösen Adsorbentien wurde das technische Tensid C9-11E6 (Genapol UDD) als einem typischen Vertreter der AEO-Tenside ausgewählt. Das System Wasser + C9-11E6 besitzt eine obere Mischungslücke mit einer kritischen Entmischungstemperatur (Trübungstemperatur) Tc = 53°C. Als Adsorbentien wurden überwiegend mesoporöse SiO2-Gläser (Controlled-Pore-Glass, CPG-10) verschiedener mittlerer Porenweite (15 50 nm) eingesetzt. Zur Messung der Adsorptionsisothermen wurde die chromatographische Frontalanalyse, sowie eine Zirkulationsmethode benutzt. Mit diesen Anlagen wurden Adsorptionsisothermen in einem weiten Temperaturbereich durchgeführt. Die Ergebnisse wurden auf der Grundlage eines Adsorptionsmodells von Gu und Zhu analysiert. Die Laboranlage für TWA-Experimente wurde in der Weise konzipiert, daß die Temperatur der Säule zwischen einer Adsorptionstemperatur (TA) und einer Desorptionstemperatur (TD) hin- und hergeschaltet werden kann, wobei dem Eluatstrom abwechselnd Tensid entnommen wird (Klarlauf), bzw. dieser mit Tensid angereichert wird (Konzentrat). Die TWA-Methode zeichnet sich durch den einfachen apparativen Aufbau, starke Abreicherungseffekte sowie eine leichte Regenerierbarkeit der Adsorbentien ohne den Einsatz zusätzlicher organischer Lösungsmittel aus. Durch systematische TWA-Untersuchungen mit C9-11E6 und dem kettenlängenreinen Tensid C8E4 konnte gezeigt werden, daß die Klarlaufkonzentration sich direkt aus der Form der Adsorptionsisothermen ergibt und aus der kritischen Mizellkonzentration (CMC) des Tensids bei der Temperatur TA abgeschätzt werden kann. Für einen effektiven TWA-Prozess sollte die Temperaturdifferenz TA-TD möglichst groß sein. Wegen der nichtlinearen Zunahme des Plateauwertes der Adsorptionsisotherme mit der Temperatur ist es auch zweckmäßig, die Adsorptionstemperatur TA möglichst nahe an der Trübungstemperatur Tc des Tensids zu wählen, um eine effektive Abreicherung zu erreichen. Die TWA-Methode ist auf andere technische AEO-Tenside anwendbar, nicht aber auf Tenside mit einer schwachen Temperaturabhängigkeit der Adsorption, wie die Alkylpolyglukoside. Die TWA-Methode konnte auch mit anderen kommerziellen Adsorbentien betrieben werden, wobei sich hydrophile Adsorbentien grundsätzlich günstiger als hydrophobe Adsorbentien erweisen

Off-Pump Repair of a Post Myocardial Infarction Ventricular Septal Defect

Refractory cardiogenic shock meant that traditional patch repairs requiring cardiopulmonary bypass would be poorly tolerated and external sandwich closure of post myocardial ventricular septal defect (VSD) appears to be simple and effective after initial myocardial infarction (MI). The three cases presented with a VSD after of acute MI with or without thrombolysed with streptokinase during patient admission. The general condition of the three patients was poor with pulmonary edema, low cardiac output and renal failure. The heart was approached through a median sternotomy. Off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting of the coronary artery lesion was done first using octopus and beating heart surgery method and latero - lateral septal plication was performed using sandwich technique. Low cardiac output managed with intra-aortic balloon pump in these patients accompanied with inotropic drugs. Post-operative transesophageal echocardiography revealed that VSD was closed completely in one patient and in two patients small residual VSD remained. More experience is required to ascertain whether this technique will become an accepted alternative to patch repairs