Respuestas comparativas de la densidad de siembra y el uso de herbicidas en el control de malezas en trigo (Triticum aestivum L.) cv. Chasicó INTA

Se comparó la respuesta del trigo cv. Chasicó 1NTA sembrado a tres densidades (200, 250 Y 300 pl/m2) con y sin competencia de malezas frente a la aplicación de cuatro herbicidas (Bromoxinil 2.4-D. picloram + 2,4-D y Dicamba + 2,4 D) en dos estadios (2-4 macollos y detección. del primer nudo) La densidad de siembra no produjo efecto significativo (p=0.05) sobre la interferencia de malezas. Estas produjeron mermas de rendimiento de alrededor de 50%. Los herbicidas aplicados en la segunda epoca, en especial picloram + 2.4-D y Dicamba + 2.4-D, resultaron fitotóxicos y produjeron rendimientos similares a los tratamientos enmalezados. El Bromoxinil aplicado en 2-4 macollos fue el producto de mejor comportamiento. El 2,4-D produjo resultados intermedios entre las mezclas y el Bromoxinil. El componente de rendimiento que más afectaron los herbicidas fue granos por espigas. Los tratamientos desmalezados superaron a las aplicaciones de herbicidas y Estas a los enmalezados. La ausencia de significancia de la interacción de densidad x desmalezado no permitió comprobar que las densidades de siembra puedan constituirse en un método de control de malezas.Directores: Ings. Agrs. O. J. Rubiolo y F. D. Garcí

Photoidentification catalog of Cuvier's beaked whale (Ziphius cavirostris) in the Ligurian Sea

A photo-ID catalog of Cuvier's beaked whales was compiled by analyzing data collected in the Ligurian Sea from 1998 to 2007. Data were collected during dedicated surveys for beaked whales, opportunistic whale watching cruises, and during several tagging efforts. A total of 2,300 photographs was collected and referenced to time and GPS position. Of these photographs, 650 were of sufficient quality to use for photo-identification. Photographs were divided into four categories, based on scarring and pigmentation patterns: very distinctive (heavily scarred and/or bold pigmentation), distinctive (many distinct scars and/or bold pigmentation), slightly distinctive (few scars and lack of bold pigmentation), and not distinctive (no scars and solid brown animal). 127 individual whales were identified, of which 10 were classified as adult males, 3 as adult females, 3 as calves, and 27 as immature whales, based on the above criteria. An additional 26 whales were classified as possible males, and 28 as possible females. During the 9 year study period, 34 whales were resighted, and the longest time between resights was 7 years

The weight of water

Leonardo da Vinci’s pioneering work on hydrostatics combined traditional knowledge and innovative empiricism in an attempt to understand an object fraught with paradox: the water-filled container

Economic evaluation of Medically Assisted Reproduction: An educational overview of methods and applications for healthcare professionals

Economic evaluations of the value-for-money of Medically Assisted Reproduction (MAR) interventions are increasingly important due to growing pressure on healthcare budgets. Although such evaluations are commonplace in the published literature, the number/methodological complexity of different evaluations available, and the challenges specific to MAR interventions, can complicate the interpretation of such analyses for fertility treatments. This article aims to serve as an educational resource and provide context on the design/interpretation of economic analyses for MAR interventions. Several areas are relevant for first-line providers and decision makers: scope of analysis, comparator used, perspective/time horizon considered, outcomes used to measure success, and how results from cost-effectiveness studies can be summarised and used in clinical practice. We aim to help clinicians better understand the strengths/weaknesses of economic analyses, to enable the best use of the evidence in practice, so resources available for MAR interventions can provide maximum value to patients and society

Economic evaluation of Medically Assisted Reproduction : an educational overview of methods and applications for healthcare professionals

Acknowledgements Medical writing support was provided by Steven Goodrick of in Science Communications, Springer Healthcare Ltd, UK, and was funded by Merck Healthcare KGaA, Darmstadt, GermanyPeer reviewedPostprin

Prevalence and distribution of vascular calcifications at CT scan in patients with and without large vessel vasculitis: A matched cross-sectional study

Objectives The aim of this study was to compare the prevalence, entity and local distribution of arterial wall calcifications evaluated on CT scans in patients with large vessel vasculitis (LVV) and patients with lymphoma as reference for the population without LVV. Methods All consecutive patients diagnosed with LVVs with available baseline positron emission tomography-CT (PET-CT) scan performed between 2007 and 2019 were included; non-LVV patients were lymphoma patients matched by age (±5 years), sex and year of baseline PET-CT (≤2013; >2013). CT images derived from baseline PET-CT scans of both patient groups were retrospectively reviewed by a single radiologist who, after setting a threshold of minimum 130 Hounsfield units, semiautomatically computed vascular calcifications in three separate locations (coronaries, thoracic and abdominal arteries), quantified as Agatston and volume scores. Results A total of 266 patients were included. Abdominal artery calcifications were equally distributed (mean volume 3220 in LVVs and 2712 in lymphomas). Being in the LVVs group was associated with the presence of thoracic calcifications after adjusting by age and year of diagnosis (OR 4.13, 95% CI 1.35 to 12.66; p=0.013). Similarly, LVVs group was significantly associated with the volume score in the thoracic arteries (p=0.048). In patients >50 years old, calcifications in the coronaries were more extended in non-LVV patients (p=0.027 for volume). Conclusion When compared with patients without LVVs, LVVs patients have higher calcifications in the thoracic arteries, but not in coronary and abdominal arteries

Fingerprints of Kitaev physics in the magnetic excitations of honeycomb iridates

In the quest for realizations of quantum spin liquids, the exploration of Kitaev materials - spin-orbit entangled Mott insulators with strong bond-directional exchanges - has taken center stage. However, in these materials the local spin-orbital j=1/2 moments typically show long-range magnetic order at low temperature, thus defying the formation of a spin-liquid ground state. Using resonant inelastic x-ray scattering (RIXS), we here report on a proximate spin liquid regime with clear fingerprints of Kitaev physics in the magnetic excitations of the honeycomb iridates alpha-Li2IrO3 and Na2IrO3. We observe a broad continuum of magnetic excitations that persists up to at least 300K, more than an order of magnitude larger than the magnetic ordering temperatures. We prove the magnetic character of this continuum by an analysis of the resonance behavior. RIXS measurements of the dynamical structure factor for energies within the continuum show that dynamical spin-spin correlations are restricted to nearest neighbors. Notably, these spectroscopic observations are also present in the magnetically ordered state for excitation energies above the conventional magnon excitations. Phenomenologically, our data agree with inelastic neutron scattering results on the related honeycomb compound RuCl3, establishing a common ground for a proximate Kitaev spin-liquid regime in these materials.Comment: 13 pages, 14 figure

multimodal imaging in the differential diagnosis of soft tissue calcinosis

Soft tissue calcinosis is a common radiographic finding, which may be related to different types of pathological processes. Multimodality imaging, combined with analysis of clinical and laboratory data, plays an important role for the differential diagnosis of these conditions. Conventional radiography is considered the first line approach to soft tissue calcinosis; CT and MRI may provide further information to better characterize calcified deposits. Imaging may help to distinguish metabolic calcification, such as primary tumoral calcinosis and the secondary one (associated with acquired disorders of calcium or phosphate regulation), from dystrophic calcification, which is associated to normal blood values of phosphate. The sedimentation sign typical of tumoral calcinosis has been demonstrated by plain film radiography, CT, MRI, and, more recently, by ultrasonography. Other types of soft tissue calcinosis may have a degenerative, metaplastic or neoplastic origin, and their characterization strongly relies on multimodality imaging