Oriented Thiophene-Extended Benzotrithiophene Covalent Organic Framework Thin Films: Directional Electrical Conductivity

The synthesis of covalent organic frameworks (COFs) based on a novel thiophene-extended benzotrithiophene (BTT) building block is described, which in combination with triazine-based amines (1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triyl)trianiline (TTA) or (1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triyl)tris(([1,1 '-biphenyl]-4-amine)) (TTTBA)) affords crystalline, and porous imine-linked COFs, BTT TTA and BTT TTTBA, with surface areas as high as 932 and 1200 m(2) g(-1), respectively. Oriented thin films are grown successfully on different substrates, as indicated by grazing incidence diffraction (GID). Room-temperature in-plane electrical conductivity of up to 10(-4) S m(-1) is measured for both COFs. Temperature-dependent electrical conductivity measurements indicate activation energies of approximate to 123.3 meV for BTT TTA and approximate to 137.5 meV for BTT TTTBA and trap-dominated charge transport via a hopping mechanism for both COFs. Moreover, conductive atomic force microscopy reveals directional and defect-dominated charge transport in the oriented BTT COF films with a strong preference for the in-plane direction within the molecular 2D-planes. Quantum mechanical calculations predict BTT TTTBA to conduct holes and electrons effectively in both in-plane and out-of-plane directions. In-plane, charge carrier transport is of hopping character where the triazine cores represent the barrier. Out-of-plane, a continuous charge-carrier pathway is calculated that is hampered by an imposed structural defect simulated by a rotated molecular COF layer

Utilizing redox-sensitive GFP fusions to detect in vivo redox changes in a genetically engineered prokaryote

Understanding the in vivo redox biology of cells is a complex albeit important biological problem. Studying redox processes within living cells without physical disruption or chemical modifications is essential in determining the native redox states of cells. In this study, the previously characterized reduction-oxidation sensitive green fluorescent protein (roGFP2) was used to elucidate the redox changes of the genetically engineered Escherichia coli strain, SHuffle. SHuffle cells were demonstrated to be under constitutive oxidative stress and responding transcriptionally in an OxyR-dependent manner. Using roGFP2 fused to either glutathione (GSH)- or hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)- sensitive proteins (glutaredoxin 1 or Orp1), the cytosolic redox state of both wild type and SHuffle cells based on GSH/GSSG and H2O2 pools was measured. These probes open the path to in vivo studies of redox changes and genetic selections in prokaryotic hosts

Plasma calcitonin gene‐related peptide (CGRP) in migraine and endometriosis during the menstrual cycle

Objective: Migraine, endometriosis, and the comorbidity of both are frequent pain disorders of special relevance for women. The neuropeptide calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) is critically involved in migraine, and circumstantial evidence suggests a role in endometriosis. We assessed CGRP levels at different times of menstrual cycle in four groups: healthy women, women with migraine or endometriosis and with the comorbidity of both. Methods: Women with episodic migraine and women with a histologically confirmed endometriosis were recruited from specialized centers. For CGRP determination with a commercial enzyme immunoassay kit, cubital vein blood samples were collected on menstrual cycle day 2 ± 2 (during menstruation) and on day 15 ± 2 (periovulatory period). The primary endpoint of the study was the absolute difference of CGRP plasma levels between the menstrual and the periovulatory phase of all study groups. Groups were compared using nonparametric test procedures. Results: A total of 124 women were included in the study. The change of CGRP plasma levels between menstruation and the periovulatory period was different between groups (p = 0.007). Women with comorbid migraine and endometriosis showed an increase of CGRP in the menstrual phase of +6.32 (interquartile range, IQR −3.64–13.60) compared to the periovulatory time, while healthy controls had a decrease of −10.14 (−22.54–0.91, p = 0.004). CGRP levels were different in the periovulatory phase among groups (p = 0.008), with highest values in healthy controls. Interpretation: CGRP levels change significantly during the menstrual cycle. Different patterns in women with the comorbidity point to a deviant regulation of CGRP release

The Grizzly, December 5, 2002

Putting the Art Back in a Liberal Arts Education • Celebrating the Holidays Around the World • There is no Need to be Violent • Stress Triggers at Ursinus College • Stress Busters • Fear vs. Phobia • Graduates: Trying to Find a Job that Pays • Sober for Good • Unexpected Difference • Children Violent with Other Children • Gymnastics Team has High Expectations • How do Ursinus Athletes Prevent Injuries? • Luciano Named CC and ECAC Player of the Week • Final Exam Schedulehttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/grizzlynews/1527/thumbnail.jp

The Grizzly, October 10, 2002

The 2002 Homecoming Nominees • Former White House Aide Speaks at Ursinus • New Student Art in the Library • Students Riots at the University of Oregon • First Play of the Semester to Cure the Blues • New Meal Plan Hard to Swallow • Major Workshops for Sophomore Department Events Oct. 14-25 • Everyone\u27s Talking About the Music Man • Opinions: Family Day 2002 a Success; Ursinus and Marriage; Party Scene: UC vs. PSU Surprisingly Similar • Donald Meyer Art Exhibit in Berman Museum • Student Profile: Dana Mazzenga • Ursinus College Choir • CAB: Exciting Events for Campus • Women\u27s Rugby Continuing to Improve • Intramural Sports Start up Again • McCarney Named C.C. Player of the Week • Dougherty Races Back on Top • Comparing Prices: Halloween Costumes • Cancer Causing Foods: What to Avoid When You\u27re Eating • 3 Years at Ursinushttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/grizzlynews/1522/thumbnail.jp

The Grizzly, November 21, 2002

Well-known Political Consultant Mark Moskowitz at Ursinus • Greek Organizations Come Together for GPC Activities Fair • Too Big for our Buildings • Eye on Your Future: Internships • \u27Tis the Season to Ignore the Needy? • Do You Care About Political Apathy? • Should a Minor Receive the Death Penalty? • Opinions: Feeling Uninvited in Your Own Home; Smoking or Non? You Decide; 17-Year-Old Could be Tried as Adult • Be a Film Society Member • Howard, Roesch Look to Lead Wrestling to C.C. Championship • On Your Mark...Indoor Track Ready to Go • Dougherty Rockets Off to National Meethttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/grizzlynews/1526/thumbnail.jp

The Grizzly, November 14, 2002

Did you Miss the Election 2002? • Young Voters Ignore their Political Power • Ursinus Students Writing Kids Program Grant • History, Reminder Found in Veteran\u27s Day • Tartuffe Simply Delicious • Opinions: Are Dateds Worth It?; Homecoming: A Different Opinion; More Problems with Registration; Everclear Rocks Ursinus • Get Ready to Jazz: Ursinus Concert Band Style • Dateds: Worth the Dollar? • Everclear: Clearer than Ever • Exhibit Cases Return to Myrin Library • Men\u27s, Women\u27s Basketball Get Ready to Open Seasons • Roller Hockey Records First • Swim Team Opens Winter Season with a Win • Hot Dates for Collegeville Love Birds • Louie and his Band Rock U.C. • Meet the Ladies of Suites 106 and 204https://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/grizzlynews/1525/thumbnail.jp

The Grizzly, November 7, 2002

Election 2002: Absent-Minded with Absentee Ballots • Redhat Makes Computer Connection at Ursinus • Reimert Robbers • In Praise of Music Presented Last Weekend • Boo from UC to You! • Don\u27t Delete Your Future: Career Services Information • Professors Killed During Student Rampage and Suicide • Opinions: To Vote or not to Vote?; Sexual Harassment: A Problem for Ursinus Students; Sniper Caught: Will Peace be Restored? • Third Annual Poem-palooza a Success • Berman: Social Surrealism • Radio Talk Show Comes to Ursinus • Women\u27s Soccer Season Better Than Record Shows • Field Hockey Finishes at the Top of Division III • Roller Hockey Opens Season • Cross Country 2002 Centennial Conference Championships • Dealing with Death: How to Cope • So You Wanna be a Bartender?https://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/grizzlynews/1524/thumbnail.jp

The Grizzly, October 3, 2002

Students Show Parents Their Second Home: Family Day 2002 • Students Voice Opinions in Campus Terrorism Talk • Memory of Fountain Trickles Away • Davis Professor to Deliver Lectures for Students and Faculty • New Technical Director Brings Different View Behind the Scenes • Read All About it: Newspapers in the Bookstore • Opinions: Eminem: Good or Bad • Four Doors: A Memorial • Fun Historic Event: The Heritage Festival Held on the Wentz Farmstead • Women\u27s Rugby Score First try in Ursinus History • Dougherty Sprints to Second Place • Renovate Your Room by Swappin\u27 Suites • Comparative Pricing: Comfort Foodhttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/grizzlynews/1521/thumbnail.jp

The Grizzly, September 26, 2002

Students Take on Wismer: Committee to Address Dining Issues • Pennsylvania Liquor Control Board: Coming to a Party Near You? • Slow Internet Fast Becoming a Problem • I Just Called to Say : UC Phone-a-thon • UCNet Available through Career Services • From Italy with Love: The Life of Students Abroad • Opinions: Taking the Plunge to Clean up the Environment; Sorority Life or Sorority Joke?; Are Rules Really Rules? • Berman Collects: Museum\u27s Permanent Collection Holds Wide Variety of Objects • Bears Football Falls to F&M • Field Hockey Dominates the Field • Women\u27s Soccer Drop Decisions to Widener, Gettysburg • UC Men\u27s Soccer Win Over DeSales, 2-1 • Dougherty Notches Third Victory of Season • Preview of Family Day 2002https://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/grizzlynews/1520/thumbnail.jp