Thermo-mechanical modeling of thermal stress during multi-cycle intense pulsed light sintering of thick conductive wires on 3D printed dark substrate

Due to its advantage of rapid, selective and no contact sintering, the intense pulsed light (IPL) sintering of the conductive wires is promising to simplify the hybrid printing of the fully printed electronics. However, this fast IPL sintering process is often plagued with reproducibility of the results and morphological deterioration in the product. Since exposure to high-intensity light generates temperature gradient inside samples, accurate prediction of the thermally induced residual stresses is the key issue in improving the reproducibility of the IPL sintering. In this study, we investigated how total light energy, light exposure cycle and cooling time affect the thermal stress. The finite element analysis was used to study the in-situ evolution and reduction method of thermal stresses during multi-cycle IPL sintering of thick conductive wires on 3D printed substrate, and the experiments were used to verify the analytic results. The position and sintering stage that generated the maximum thermal stress was found, then light exposure cycle and cooling time were varied to reduce the maximum thermal stress. Finally, a higher total energy combined with multi-cycle sintering method was proposed to reduce the maximum thermal stress and obtain good sintering performance. The proposed method is reliable for optimizing the pulsed light setting. This work provides an insight for optimizing the sintering methodology to improve the IPL sintering stability

Association between furosemide administration and clinical outcomes in patients with sepsis-associated acute kidney injury receiving renal replacement therapy: a retrospective observational cohort study based on MIMIC-IV database

Objective To investigate the association between furosemide administration and clinical outcomes in patients with sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (SAKI) receiving renal replacement therapy (RRT).Design A retrospective observational cohort study.Setting The data were collected from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV (MIMIC-IV) database, which contains clinical data from more than 380 000 patients admitted to the intensive care units (ICUs) of the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center from 2008 to 2019.Participants All adult patients with SAKI receiving RRT were enrolled. Data for each patient within the first 24 hours of ICU admission were extracted from the MIMIC-IV database.Primary and secondary outcome measures The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality, and the secondary outcome was the length of hospital stay, length of ICU stay, RRT-free time and ventilator-free time. Logistic regression was used to investigate the association between furosemide administration and in-hospital mortality. Subgroup analysis was employed to explore the potential sources of heterogeneity.Results A total of 1663 patients with SAKI receiving RRT were enrolled in the study, of whom 991 patients (59.6%) were retrospectively allocated to the Furosemide group and 672 (40.4%) patients to the non-furosemide group. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression showed that furosemide administration was associated with reduced in-hospital mortality, respectively ((OR 0.77; 95% CI 0.63 to 0.93; p=0.008 < 0.05), (OR 0.59; 95% CI 0.46 to 0.75; p<0.001)). The association remained robust to different ways of adjusting for baseline confounding (all p<0.05). Subgroup analysis suggested that AKI-stage may be a source of heterogeneity. Patients in the furosemide group also had longer RRT-free time (p<0.001) and longer ventilator-free time (p<0.001) than those in the non-furosemide group.Conclusions Furosemide is associated with decreased in-hospital mortality, longer RRT-free time and ventilator-free time in patients with SAKI receiving RRT

Effect of sigh in lateral position on postoperative atelectasis in adults assessed by lung ultrasound: a randomized, controlled trial

Abstract Background Postoperative atelectasis occurs in 90% of patients receiving general anesthesia. Recruitment maneuvers (RMs) are not always effective and frequently associated with barotrauma and hemodynamic instability. It is reported that many natural physiological behaviors interrupted under general anesthesia could prevent atelectasis and restore lung aeration. This study aimed to find out whether a combined physiological recruitment maneuver (CPRM), sigh in lateral position, could reduce postoperative atelectasis using lung ultrasound (LUS). Methods We conducted a prospective, randomized, controlled trial in adults with open abdominal surgery under general anesthesia lasting for 2 h or longer. Subjects were randomly allocated to either control group (C-group) or CPRM-group and received volume-controlled ventilation with the same ventilator settings. Patients in CPRM group was ventilated in sequential lateral position, with the addition of periodic sighs to recruit the lung. LUS scores, dynamic compliance (Cdyn), the partial pressure of arterial oxygen (PaO2) and fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) ratio (PaO2/FiO2), and other explanatory variables were acquired from each patient before and after recruitment. Results Seventy patients were included in the analysis. Before recruitment, there was no significant difference in LUS scores, Cdyn and PaO2/FiO2 between CPRM-group and C-group. After recruitment, LUS scores in CPRM-group decreased significantly compared with C-group (6.00 [5.00, 7.00] vs. 8.00 [7.00, 9.00], p = 4.463e-11 < 0.05), while PaO2/FiO2 and Cdyn in CPRM-group increased significantly compared with C-group respectively (377.92 (93.73) vs. 309.19 (92.98), p = 0.008 < 0.05, and 52.00 [47.00, 60.00] vs. 47.70 [41.00, 59.50], p = 6.325e-07 < 0.05). No hemodynamic instability, detectable barotrauma or position-related complications were encountered. Conclusions Sigh in lateral position can effectively reduce postoperative atelectasis even without causing severe side effects. Further large-scale studies are necessary to evaluate it’s long-term effects on pulmonary complications and hospital length of stay. Trial registration ChiCTR1900024379 . Registered 8 July 2019,

Genetics STUDY ON RELATIONSHIP OF REX RABBIT RAPD MARKER AND REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCES

ABSTRACT RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA) marker was applied to study the relationship between some reproductive performances in Rex Rabbit. In the study 15 random primers were selected to PCR for genomes DNA and to detect the amplification product using agarose gel electrophoresis. The study showed some relationship between four primers (OPA1, OPA7, OPA14 and OPA15) with productive performance of Rex Rabbit. From them nine, six, eight and eight bands were obtained respectively. Two groups with or without and №.2 band from OPA1 showed significant (P&lt;0.05) and highly significant (P&lt;0.01) differences in the birth weight and the birth litter size. As for the two groups with or without №.4 band from OPA7 showed distinguished (P&lt;0.05) or significant distinguished (P&lt;0.01) differences in the litter size, living litter size, birth weight and birth litter size. The two groups with or without №.6 band from OPA14 showed significant differences (P&lt;0.05) in the birth weight and birth litter size. The two groups with or without №.2 band from OPA15 showed distinguished significant differences (P&lt;0.01) in litter size, living litter size and birth litter size