Growth inhibition of Beauveria bassiana by bacteria isolated from the cuticular surface of the corn leafhopper, Dalbulus maidis and the planthopper, Delphacodes kuscheli, two important vectors of maize pathogens

The phytosanitary importance of the corn leafhopper, Dalbulus maidis (De Long and Wolcott) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) and the planthopper, Delphacodes kuscheli Fennah (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) lies in their ability to transmit phloem-associated plant pathogens, mainly viruses and mollicutes, and to cause considerable mechanical damage to corn plants during feeding and oviposition. Fungi, particularly some members of the Ascomycota, are likely candidates for biocontrol agents against these insect pests, but several studies revealed their failure to invade the insect cuticle possibly because of the presence of inhibitory compounds such as phenols, quinones, and lipids and also by the antibiosis effect of the microbiota living on the cuticular surface of the host. The present work aims to understand interactions between the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana (Balsamao-Crivelli) Vuillemin (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae) and bacterial antagonists isolated from the cuticular surface of D. maidis and D. kuscheli. A total of 155 bacterial isolates were recovered from the insect's cuticle and tested against B. bassiana. Ninety-one out of 155 strains inhibited the growth of B. bassiana. Bacterial strains isolated from D. maidis were significantly more antagonistic against B. bassiana than those isolates from D. kuscheli. Among the most effective antagonistic strains, six isolates of Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner (Bacillales: Bacillaeae (after B. subtilis)), one isolate of B. mycoides Flügge, eight isolates of B. megaterium de Bary, five isolates of B. pumilus Meyer and Gottheil, one isolate of B. licheniformis (Weigmann) Chester, and four isolates of B. subtilis (Ehrenberg) Cohn were identified.Fil: Toledo, Andrea Vanesa. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales. Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas. Centro de Investigaciones de Fitopatología. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas. Centro de Investigaciones de Fitopatología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Alippi, Adriana Mónica. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales. Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas. Centro de Investigaciones de Fitopatología. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas. Centro de Investigaciones de Fitopatología; ArgentinaFil: de Remes Lenicov, A.M.M.. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. División Entomología; Argentin

Removal of pharmaceuticals from wastewaters by electrooxidation

The removal of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug diclofenac (DCF) was carried out by electrooxidation on Dimensionally Stable Anodes (DSA) with the composition Ti/Ruo.3Tio.70 2. The DSA electrodes were obtained by thermal decomposition of the appropriate precursors. The electrolyses were carried by using solutions of 100 mg/L DCF in 0.1 M Na2S0 4 supporting electrolyte in acidic medium at various current densities and electrolysis times. The removal of DCF was assessed by recording UV-VIS spectra and chemical oxygen demand (COD) determination of the electrolysed solutions. The results showed the mineralization of the DCF during the electrooxidation on Ti/RuojTiojCb electrodes

Environmental friendly electrochemical determination of aspirin from alkaline aqueous solution

The electrochemical determination of acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) on multi-walled carbon nanotube- epoxy composite electrode (MWCNTs-EP) in aqueous solution was investigated using electrochemical techniques, e.g. cyclic voltammetry (CV), differentialpulsed voltammetry (DPV) and square-wave voltammetry (SWV). SWV applying allowed to reach the best performance in relation with the sensitivity for ASA determination in alkaline medium

Growth inhibition of Beauveria bassiana by bacteria isolated from the cuticular surface of the corn leafhopper, Dalbulus maidis and the planthopper, Delphacodes kuscheli, two important vectors of maize pathogens

The phytosanitary importance of the corn leafhopper, Dalbulus maidis (Delong and Wolcott) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) and the planthopper, Delphacodes kuscheli (Fennah) (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) lies in their ability to transmit phloem-associated plant pathogens, mainly viruses and mollicutes, and to cause considerable mechanical damage to corn plants during feeding and oviposition. Fungi, particularly some members of the Ascomycota, are likely candidates for biocontrol agents against these insect pests, but several studies revealed their failure to invade the insect cuticle possibly because of the presence of inhibitory compounds such as phenols, quinones, and lipids and also by the antibiosis effect of the microbiota living on the cuticular surface of the host. The present work aims to understand interactions between the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana (Balsamao-Crivelli) Vuillemin (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae) and bacterial antagonists isolated from the cuticular surface of D. maidis and D. kuscheli. A total of 155 bacterial isolates were recovered from the insect's cuticle and tested against B. bassiana. Ninety-one out of 155 strains inhibited the growth of B. bassiana. Bacterial strains isolated from D. maidis were significantly more antagonistic against B. bassiana than those isolates from D. kuscheli. Among the most effective antagonistic strains, six isolates of Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner (Bacillales: Bacillaeae), one isolate of B. mycoides Flügge, eight isolates of B. megaterium de Bary, five isolates of B. pumilus Meyer and Gottheil, one isolate of B. licheniformis (Weigmann) Chester, and four isolates of B. subtilis (Ehrenberg) Cohn were identified

Electrochemical behavior and determination of arsenic (III) from water using ag-doped-zeolitecarbon nanotubes composite electrode

The electrochemical behavior of Arsenic (III) from water was investigated using Agdoped-synthetic zeolite-carbon nanotubes composite electrode envisaging its determination in the aqueous solution. The electrocatalytic oxidation of arsenic in acidic medium at Ag-doped -synthetic zeolite-carbon nanotubes composite electrode (Ag-ZCNT) was investigated by cyclic voltammetry, with different practical working pretreatment applications

Growth inhibition of <i>Beauveria bassiana</i> by bacteria isolated from the cuticular surface of the corn leafhopper, <i>Dalbulus maidis</i> and the planthopper, <i>Delphacodes kuscheli</i>, two important vectors of maize pathogens

The phytosanitary importance of the corn leafhopper, Dalbulus maidis (Delong and Wolcott) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) and the planthopper, Delphacodes kuscheli (Fennah) (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) lies in their ability to transmit phloem-associated plant pathogens, mainly viruses and mollicutes, and to cause considerable mechanical damage to corn plants during feeding and oviposition. Fungi, particularly some members of the Ascomycota, are likely candidates for biocontrol agents against these insect pests, but several studies revealed their failure to invade the insect cuticle possibly because of the presence of inhibitory compounds such as phenols, quinones, and lipids and also by the antibiosis effect of the microbiota living on the cuticular surface of the host. The present work aims to understand interactions between the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana (Balsamao-Crivelli) Vuillemin (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae) and bacterial antagonists isolated from the cuticular surface of D. maidis and D. kuscheli. A total of 155 bacterial isolates were recovered from the insect's cuticle and tested against B. bassiana. Ninety-one out of 155 strains inhibited the growth of B. bassiana. Bacterial strains isolated from D. maidis were significantly more antagonistic against B. bassiana than those isolates from D. kuscheli. Among the most effective antagonistic strains, six isolates of Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner (Bacillales: Bacillaeae), one isolate of B. mycoides Flügge, eight isolates of B. megaterium de Bary, five isolates of B. pumilus Meyer and Gottheil, one isolate of B. licheniformis (Weigmann) Chester, and four isolates of B. subtilis (Ehrenberg) Cohn were identified.Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestale

Growth inhibition of <i>Beauveria bassiana</i> by bacteria isolated from the cuticular surface of the corn leafhopper, <i>Dalbulus maidis</i> and the planthopper, <i>Delphacodes kuscheli</i>, two important vectors of maize pathogens

The phytosanitary importance of the corn leafhopper, Dalbulus maidis (Delong and Wolcott) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) and the planthopper, Delphacodes kuscheli (Fennah) (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) lies in their ability to transmit phloem-associated plant pathogens, mainly viruses and mollicutes, and to cause considerable mechanical damage to corn plants during feeding and oviposition. Fungi, particularly some members of the Ascomycota, are likely candidates for biocontrol agents against these insect pests, but several studies revealed their failure to invade the insect cuticle possibly because of the presence of inhibitory compounds such as phenols, quinones, and lipids and also by the antibiosis effect of the microbiota living on the cuticular surface of the host. The present work aims to understand interactions between the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana (Balsamao-Crivelli) Vuillemin (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae) and bacterial antagonists isolated from the cuticular surface of D. maidis and D. kuscheli. A total of 155 bacterial isolates were recovered from the insect's cuticle and tested against B. bassiana. Ninety-one out of 155 strains inhibited the growth of B. bassiana. Bacterial strains isolated from D. maidis were significantly more antagonistic against B. bassiana than those isolates from D. kuscheli. Among the most effective antagonistic strains, six isolates of Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner (Bacillales: Bacillaeae), one isolate of B. mycoides Flügge, eight isolates of B. megaterium de Bary, five isolates of B. pumilus Meyer and Gottheil, one isolate of B. licheniformis (Weigmann) Chester, and four isolates of B. subtilis (Ehrenberg) Cohn were identified.Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestale

Detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA by PCR in a series of corpses sent for autopsy

A partir de la aparición del SARS-CoV-2 en el mundo se desató la pandemia de COVID-19 que afectó a 185 países aparecieron numerosas publicaciones científicas presentando datos epidemiológicos, clínicos, estadísticos y microbiológicos. La elevada mortalidad ha implicado la necesidad de contar con datos cada vez más precisos en relación al virus y a su comportamiento en el medio y, por otro lado, enfrentó a los equipos de salud con un grave problema en relación al manejo seguro de cadáveres y a los riesgos de transmisión viral que ello implica. El objetivo del presente estudio ha sido detectar la presencia de ARN del SARS-CoV-2 en cadáveres remitidos a la Morgue Judicial que no estuvieran comprendidos en la definición de caso sospechoso propuesta por el Ministerio de Salud de la República Argentina. De un total de 153 cadáveres ingresados entre el 16 y el 24 de abril del 2020 en la Morgue Judicial se realizaron hisopados nasofaríngeos y orofaríngeos en 50 cadáveres elegidos basándose en criterios de inclusión previamente establecidos para efectuar una detección de ARN viral mediante técnica RT PCR. De todos éstos, a 2 de los cadáveres (4%) se les detectó ARN viral, los mismos no estaban clasificados como casos sospechosos de COVID-19. En el caso de 28 cadáveres remitidos como casos sospechosos de COVID-19, en el mismo período, se observó una prevalencia similar, 3,6%.Following the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 in the world, the COVID-19 pandemic broke out, affecting 185 countries. There have been numerous scientific publications presenting epidemiological, clinical, statistical, and microbiological data. The high mortality has implied the need for increasingly accurate data regarding the virus and its behaviour in the environment and, on the other hand, faced health teams with a serious problem in relation to the safe handling of corpses and the risks of transmission that this implies. The objective of this study was to detect the presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in corpses sent to the National Judicial Morgue that were not included in the definition of a suspected case submitted by the Argentine Ministry of Health. Nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swabs were taken from 101 cadavers chosen randomly and based on inclusion criteria for detection of viral RNA using the RT-PCR technique. Of the cadavers included in the study, 16.8%, not classified as suspected cases of COVID-19, were tested for the presence of viral RNA in the samples collected.Fil: D'Addario, Adriana Claudia. Morgue Judicial de la Nación; ArgentinaFil: Bustos, Cristina A.. Morgue Judicial de la Nación; ArgentinaFil: Cohen, Roberto V.. Morgue Judicial de la Nación; ArgentinaFil: Rullan Corna, Alejandro Félix. Morgue Judicial de la Nación; ArgentinaFil: Gómez, Patricia Elizabeth. Morgue Judicial de la Nación; ArgentinaFil: Torrisi, Rubén H.. Morgue Judicial de la Nación; ArgentinaFil: Di Salvo, Héctor. Morgue Judicial de la Nación; ArgentinaFil: Herbstein, Jorge A.. Morgue Judicial de la Nación; ArgentinaFil: Remes Lenicov, Federico. Universidad de Buenos Aires; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y Sida. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y Sida; ArgentinaFil: Maffia Bizzozero, Santiago. Morgue Judicial de la Nación; Argentin

Viable SARS-CoV-2 Omicron sub-variants isolated from autopsy tissues

IntroductionPulmonary and extrapulmonary manifestations have been described after infection with SARS-CoV-2, the causative agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The virus is known to persist in multiple organs due to its tropism for several tissues. However, previous reports were unable to provide definitive information about whether the virus is viable and transmissible. It has been hypothesized that the persisting reservoirs of SARS-CoV-2 in tissues could be one of the multiple potentially overlapping causes of long COVID.MethodsIn the present study, we investigated autopsy materials obtained from 21 cadaveric donors with documented first infection or reinfection at the time of death. The cases studied included recipients of different formulations of COVID-19 vaccines. The aim was to find the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in the lungs, heart, liver, kidneys, and intestines. We used two technical approaches: the detection and quantification of viral genomic RNA using RT-qPCR, and virus infectivity using permissive in vitro Vero E6 culture.ResultsAll tissues analyzed showed the presence of SARS-CoV-2 genomic RNA but at dissimilar levels ranging from 1.01 × 102 copies/mL to 1.14 × 108 copies/mL, even among those cases who had been COVID-19 vaccinated. Importantly, different amounts of replication-competent virus were detected in the culture media from the studied tissues. The highest viral load were measured in the lung (≈1.4 × 106 copies/mL) and heart (≈1.9 × 106 copies/mL) samples. Additionally, based on partial Spike gene sequences, SARS-CoV-2 characterization revealed the presence of multiple Omicron sub-variants exhibiting a high level of nucleotide and amino acid identity among them.DiscussionThese findings highlight that SARS-CoV-2 can spread to multiple tissue locations such as the lungs, heart, liver, kidneys, and intestines, both after primary infection and after reinfections with the Omicron variant, contributing to extending knowledge about the pathogenesis of acute infection and understanding the sequelae of clinical manifestations that are observed during post-acute COVID-19