A DOR CRÔNICA NO PACIENTE EM CUIDADOS PALIATIVOS: O OLHAR DO FAMILIAR CUIDADOR

Trata-se de pesquisa exploratória e descritiva de abordagem qualitativa, a qual teve como objetivo conhecer como o familiar lida com a dor crônica e quais as medidas farmacológicas e não farmacológicas utilizadas nos pacientes em cuidados paliativos com diagnóstico oncológico ou não oncológico. A investigação foi realizada entre os meses de janeiro e junho de 2019, com treze familiares cuidadores de pacientes em cuidados paliativos residente numa cidade do Território Piemonte Norte do Itapicuru, Bahia, a partir da técnica de entrevista e analisadas com base na Técnica de Análise de Conteúdo Temática, de modo que emergiram três categorias temáticas: Conviver com a desinformação; Uso inadequado de analgésicos no controle das crises álgicas: uso limitado da morfina e Uso de fitoterápicos como adjuvante no controle álgico. Foi observado um perfil de familiares que lidam com uma dor emocional diante do subtratamento da dor física do seu ente querido em cuidados paliativos, marcado pelo uso limitado da morfina e restrito ao uso de opiáceos de ação fraca

Otite externa e média em cães: revisão de literatura / External and media otitis in dogs: literature review

A orelha é considerada o órgão da audição e do equilíbrio, tendo a responsabilidade de manter o autocontrole, a direção da posição do corpo no espaço e a compreensão de ruídos e sons. Divide-se em ouvido externo, ouvido médio e ouvido interno, sendo o ouvido interno o órgão do equilíbrio. A otite é a inflamação do conduto auditivo podendo ser classificada em recorrente, crônica ou aguda de acordo com a evolução do quadro. A otite externa é a patologia mais encontrada no ouvido dos cães, sendo ocasionada por diversos fatores como fungos, parasitas e bactérias e 50% a 89% dos casos possui otite média associada. Os animais acometidos normalmente apresentam sinais clínicos como dor, meneios cefálicos, prurido e secreção, odor fétido, entre outros. Um diagnóstico bem feito é fundamental, pois medicamentos desnecessários ou incorretos podem gerar resistência farmacologia. Em casos de otites médias crônicas, reincidentes e/ou não responsivas aos tratamentos farmacológicos uma abordagem cirúrgica pode ser necessária. O objetivo do presente do trabalho foi revisar a literatura a cerca das principais causas de otite externa e média e as principais formas de tratamento, buscando maior entendimento sobre as otites em cães. O conhecimento atualizado por meio dos médicos veterinários é fundamental, instituindo-se uma correta e eficiente terapia os animais, diminuindo assim as resistências farmacológicas.  

Citizen Science Data on Urban Forageable Plants:A Case Study in Brazil

This paper presents two key data sets derived from the Pomar Urbano project. The first data set is a comprehensive catalog of edible fruit-bearing plant species, native or introduced in Brazil. The second data set, sourced from the iNaturalist platform, tracks the distribution and monitoring of these plants within urban landscapes across Brazil. The study encompasses data from all 27 Brazilian state capitals, focusing on the ten cities that contributed the most observations as of August 2023. The research emphasizes the significance of citizen science in urban biodiversity monitoring and its potential to contribute to various fields, including food and nutrition, creative industry, study of plant phenology, and machine learning applications. We expect the data sets to serve as a resource for further studies in urban foraging, food security, cultural ecosystem services, and environmental sustainability

Optimizing the Monitoring of Urban Fruit-Bearing Flora with Citizen Science:An Overview of the Pomar Urbano Initiative

The "Pomar Urbano" (Urban Orchard) project focuses on the collaborative monitoring of fruit-bearing plant species in urban areas throughout Brazil.The project collected a list of 411 fruit-bearing plant species (Soares et al. 2023), both native and exotic varieties found in Brazil. This list was selected from two main sources: the book Brazilian Fruits and Cultivated Exotics (Lorenzi et al. 2006) and the book series Plants for the Future, which includes volumes specifically dedicated to species of economic value in different regions of Brazil, namely the South (Coradin et al. 2011), Midwest (Vieira et al. 2016), Northeast (Coradin et al. 2018) and North (Coradin et al. 2022). To ensure broad geographic coverage, the project spans all 27 state capitals of Brazil. The data collection process relies on the iNaturalist Umbrella and Collection projects. Each state capital has a single collection project, including the fruit-bearing plant species list, and the locality restriction to that specific city. For example, the collection project Pomar Paulistano gathers data from the city of São Paulo. The Umbrella Project Urban Orchard was set to track data from all 27 collection projects.We firmly believe that these fruit-bearing plant species possess multifaceted value that extends beyond mere consumption. As such, we have assembled a dynamic and multidisciplinary team comprising professionals from various institutions across Brazil in a collaborative effort that encompasses different dimensions of biodiversity value exploration and monitoring, especially phenological data.One facet of our team is focused on creating products inspired by the diverse array of Brazilian fruit-bearing plants. Their work spans across sectors of the creative industry, including fashion, painting, and graphic design to infuse these natural elements into innovative and sustainable designs (Fig. 1 and Fig. 2).A group of nutrition and health scientists in conjunction with communication and marketing professionals is working to produce engaging media content centered around food recipes that incorporate Brazilian fruits (Fig. 3). These recipes primarily feature the fruit-bearing plants most frequently observed on iNaturalist in the city of São Paulo, allowing us to showcase the local biodiversity while promoting culinary diversity. Some of these recipes are based on the book Brazilian Biodiversity: Flavors and Aromas (Santiago and Coradin 2018). This book is an extensive compendium of food recipes that use fruits derived from native Brazilian species

Leveraging citizen science for monitoring urban forageable plants

Urbanization brings forth social challenges in emerging countries such as Brazil, encompassing food scarcity, health deterioration, air pollution, and biodiversity loss. Despite this, urban areas like the city of São Paulo still boast ample green spaces, offering opportunities for nature appreciation and conservation, enhancing city resilience and livability. Citizen science is a collaborative endeavor between professional scientists and nonprofessional scientists in scientific research that may help to understand the dynamics of urban ecosystems. We believe citizen science has the potential to promote human and nature connection in urban areas and provide useful data on urban biodiversity

A social and ecological assessment of tropical land uses at multiple scales: the Sustainable Amazon Network

Science has a critical role to play in guiding more sustainable development trajectories. Here, we present the Sustainable Amazon Network (Rede Amazonia Sustentavel, RAS): a multidisciplinary research initiative involving more than 30 partner organizations working to assess both social and ecological dimensions of land-use sustainability in eastern Brazilian Amazonia. The research approach adopted by RAS offers three advantages for addressing land-use sustainability problems: (i) the collection of synchronized and co-located ecological and socioeconomic data across broad gradients of past and present human use; (ii) a nested sampling design to aid comparison of ecological and socioeconomic conditions associated with different land uses across local, landscape and regional scales; and (iii) a strong engagement with a wide variety of actors and non-research institutions. Here, we elaborate on these key features, and identify the ways in which RAS can help in highlighting those problems in most urgent need of attention, and in guiding improvements in land-use sustainability in Amazonia and elsewhere in the tropics. We also discuss some of the practical lessons, limitations and realities faced during the development of the RAS initiative so far.Keywords: Social–ecological systems, Tropical forests, Land use, Interdisciplinary research, Sustainability, Trade-off

Combined Silymarin and Cotrimoxazole Therapy Attenuates Pulmonary Fibrosis in Experimental Paracoccidioidomycosis

Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM), which mainly affects rural workers, is a systemic mycosis caused by the Paracoccidioides genus that induces pulmonary sequelae in most adult patients, causing serious disability and impairing their quality of life. Silymarin is herbal medicine with an effective antifibrotic activity. Considering that in PCM, antifibrotic treatment is still not available in pulmonary fibrosis, we aimed to evaluate combined silymarin and cotrimoxazole (CMX) therapy via the intratracheal route in BALB/c mice infected with P. brasiliensis yeast. After 12 weeks of treatment, the lungs were collected for the determination of fungal burden, production of OH-proline, deposition of collagen fibers, pulmonary concentrations of cytokines, and expression of fibronectin, α-SMA, MMP-2, MMP-9, and TIMP-2. Spleen cell cultures were also performed. Our results showed that infected mice treated with combined silymarin/CMX showed lower deposition of collagen fibers in the lungs and lower pulmonary concentrations of hydroxyproline than the placebo groups. Decreased levels of TGF-β1 and fibronectin and high levels of MMP-2 and IFN-γ were also observed in this group of mice. Collectively, our findings indicate that the combination of antifungal treatment with silymarin has a potent antifibrotic effect associated with an immunomodulatory effect that potentializes the antifungal immune response