5 research outputs found

    Sagittal, rotational and transverse changes with three intraoral distalization force systems : Jones jig, distal jet and first class

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    To compare the maxillary dentoalveolar changes of patients treated with three distalization force systems: Jones Jig, Distal Jet and First Class appliances, using digitized models. The retrospective sample comprised 118 digitized models of 59 patients

    Class II malocclusion treatment changes with the Jones jig, Distal jet and First Class appliances

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    Objective: Maxillary molar distalization with intraoral distalizer appliances is a non-extraction orthodontic treatment used to correct molar relationship in patients with Class II malocclusion presenting maxillary dentoalveolar protrusion and minor skeletal discrepancies. This study compares the changes caused by three distalizers with different force systems. Methodology: 71 patients, divided into three groups, were included. The Jones jig group (JJG, n=30; 16 male, 14 female, 13.17 years mean age) was treated with the Jones jig for 0.8 years. The Distal jet group (DJG, n=25; 8 male, 17 female, 12.57 years mean age) was treated with the Distal jet for 1.06 years. The First Class group (FCG, n=16; 6 male, 10 female, 12.84 years mean age) was treated with the First Class for 0.69 years. Intergroup treatment changes were compared using one-way ANOVA, followed by post-hoc Tukey’s tests. Results: Intergroup comparisons showed significantly greater maxillary incisor protrusion in DJG than in FCG (2.56±2.24 mm vs. 0.74±1.39mm, p=0.015). The maxillary first premolars showed progressive and significantly smaller mesial angulation in JJG, FCG and DJG, respectively (14.65±6.31º, 8.43±3.99º, 0.97±3.16º; p<0.001). They also showed greater mesialization in JJG than FCG (3.76±1.46 mm vs. 2.27±1.47 mm, p=0.010), and greater extrusion in DJG compared to JJG (0.90±0.77 mm vs 0.11±0.60 mm, p=0.004). The maxillary second premolars showed progressive and significantly smaller mesial angulation and mesialization in JJG, FCG and DJG, respectively (12.77±5.78º, 3.20±3.94º, -2.12±3.71º and 3.87±1.34 mm, 2.25±1.40 mm, 1.24±1.26 mm, respectively; p<0.001). DJG showed smaller distal angulation of maxillary first molars (-2.14±5.09º vs. -7.73±4.28º and -6.05±3.76º, for the JJG and FCG, respectively; p<0.001) and greater maxillary second molars extrusion (1.17±1.41 mm vs -0.02±1.16 mm and 0.16±1.40 mm, for the JJG and FCG, respectively; p=0.003). Overjet change was significantly larger in DJG compared to FCG (1.79±1.67 mm vs 0.68±0.84; p=0.046). Treatment time was smaller in FCG (0.69±0.22 years vs 0.81±0.33 years and 1.06±0.42 years, comparing it with the JJG and DJG, respectively; p=0.005). Conclusion: The three appliances corrected the Class II molar relationship by dentoalveolar changes. The Distal jet produced smaller molar distal angulation than the Jones jig and First Class. The First Class appliance showed less anchorage loss, greater percentage of distalization and shorter treatment time than the Jones jig and Distal jet

    Cephalometric changes produced by the distal jet and pendulum appliances for the treatment of Class II malocclusion

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    A proposta deste estudo consistiu em comparar, por meio de telerradiografias em norma lateral, as alterações dentoesqueléticas e tegumentares promovidas pelos distalizadores intrabucais Distal Jet e Pendulum, seguidos do aparelho fixo corretivo, e compará-los a um grupo controle. O grupo 1 constituí-se de 20 pacientes, 15 do gênero feminino e 5 do masculino apresentando idade média inicial de 12,77 ± 1,22 anos (10,54 a 14,50) e idade média final de 16,92 ± 1,37 anos (14,90 a 19,09). Estes pacientes foram tratados com o distalizador intrabucal Distal Jet seguido do aparelho ortodôntico fixo corretivo por um período médio de 4,15 ± 0,66 anos (2,35 a 5,07). O grupo 2 composto por 15 pacientes, 10 do gênero feminino e 5 do gênero masculino, com idade média inicial de 13,42 ± 1,32 anos (11,18 a 14,86) e idade média final de 17,77 ± 1,62 anos (15,12 a 21,50), recebeu o tratamento com o aparelho Pendulum seguido do aparelho ortodôntico fixo por um período médio de 4,41 ± 0,84 anos (3,12 a 6,71). O grupo 3 compreendeu 16 pacientes, 8 do gênero feminino e 8 do masculino, com má oclusão de Classe II, não submetidos a qualquer tipo de tratamento ortodôntico. Este grupo apresentou a idade média inicial de 12,25 ± 1,38 anos (10,10 a 14,95) e a idade média final de 15,98 ± 1,84 anos (13,18 a 19,48). O tempo médio de observação foi de 3,73 anos ± 1,27 anos (2,02 a 6,09). Os pacientes foram compatibilizados de acordo com a idade, tempo de tratamento/observação, gênero, severidade da má oclusão de Classe II e variáveis cefalométricas iniciais. Utilizou-se a análise de variância a um critério (ANOVA) seguida do teste de Tukey para comparar as idades iniciais e finais, tempo de tratamento/observação, valores cefalométricos iniciais e finais e as alterações decorrentes do tratamento/tempo de observação. A distribuição dos gêneros e a severidade da má oclusão foram analisadas pelo teste do qui-quadrado. Os resultados da comparação das alterações promovidas pelo tratamento/tempo de observação entre os três grupos demonstraram que, os distalizadores Distal Jet e Pendulum não interferiram nos componentes maxilar e mandibular e no relacionamento maxilomandibular. Estes também não promoveram alterações significantes no componente vertical e tegumentar, entretanto observou-se uma extrusão significantemente menor dos segundos molares superiores no grupo do Pendulum em relação ao controle. Os incisivos superiores apresentaram uma lingualização significantemente maior no grupo do Distal Jet em relação ao controle. Verificou-se uma vestibularização maior dos incisivos inferiores nos grupos experimentais, uma diminuição significante do overjet e correção da relação molar dos grupos experimentais em relação ao grupo controle.This study compared, by analysis of lateral cephalograms, the dentoskeletal and soft tissue changes promoted by the intraoral distalizers Distal Jet and Pendulum, followed by corrective fixed appliances, compared to a control group. Group 1 was composed of 20 patients, being 15 females and 5 males, with initial mean age 12.77 ± 1.22 years (10.54 to 14.50) and the final mean age was 16.92 ± 1.37 years (14.90 to 19.09). These patients were treated with the intraoral distalizer Distal Jet followed by corrective fixed appliances for a mean period of 4.15 ± 0.66 years (2.35 to 5.07). Group 2 was composed of 15 patients, being 10 females and 5 males, with initial mean age 13.42 ± 1.32 years (11.18 to 14.86) and final mean age 17.77 ± 1.62 years (15.12 to 21.50), and was treated with the Pendulum appliance followed by fixed orthodontic appliances for a mean period of 4.41 ± 0.84 years (3.12 to 6.71). Group 3 comprised 16 patients, being 8 females and 8 males, with Class II malocclusion, not submitted to any orthodontic treatment. This group presented initial mean age 12.25 ± 1.38 years (10.10 to 14.95) and final mean age 15.98 ± 1.84 years (13.18 to 19.48). The mean follow-up period was 3.73 years ± 1.27 years (2.02 to 6.09). The patients were matched for age, period of treatment/follow-up, gender, severity of the Class II malocclusion and initial cephalometric variables. The initial and final ages, period of treatment/follow-up, initial and final cephalometric values and changes caused by treatment/follow-up time were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by the Tukey test. The distribution of genders and severity of malocclusion were analyzed by the chi-square test. The results of comparison of changes promoted by treatment/follow-up period between the three groups demonstrated that the distalizers Distal Jet and Pendulum did not interfere with the maxillary and mandibular components or the maxillomandibular relationship. These also did not cause significant changes in the vertical and soft tissue components; however, there was a significantly lower extrusion of the maxillary second molars in the Pendulum group compared to the control group. The maxillary incisors presented significantly greater lingual tipping in the Distal Jet group compared to the control group. There was a greater buccal tipping of mandibular incisors in the experimental groups, significant reduction of overjet and correction of molar relationship in the experimental groups compared to the control group

    Cephalometric evaluation of dentoskeletal and soft tissue changes in young individuals with class II malocclusion treated with Distal Jet distalizers

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    A proposta deste estudo consistiu em avaliar, por meio de telerradiografias em norma lateral, as alterações dentoesqueléticas e tegumentares promovidas pelo aparelho distalizador intrabucal Distal Jet. A amostra foi composta por 44 pacientes, divididos em dois grupos. O grupo 1, experimental, constituí-se de 22 pacientes, 5 do gênero masculino e 17 do feminino, com má oclusão de Classe II, sendo que, 72,72% apresentavam ½ Classe II, 18,18% ¼ de Classe II e 9,09% ¾ de Classe II. A idade inicial variou entre 10,54 anos e 14,77 anos (média de 12,71 anos). Estes pacientes receberam o tratamento com o distalizador intrabucal Distal Jet, por um período médio de 1,20 anos. O grupo 2, controle, composto por 22 pacientes, 13 do gênero masculino e 9 do feminino, com idade ao início da observação variando entre 11,03 e 14,63 anos (média de 12,27 anos), apresentava má oclusão de Classe II não tratada, e foram observados por um tempo médio de 1,18 anos. Realizou-se a compatibilização dos grupos de acordo com a idade, tempo de tratamento/observação, severidade da má oclusão e variáveis cefalométricas iniciais. Utilizou-se o teste t de student, para amostras independentes, a fim de se comparar as idades iniciais e finais, tempo de tratamento/observação, variáveis iniciais cefalométricas e alterações médias reais na comparação intergrupos. A severidade da má oclusão entre os grupos foi analisada pelo teste do Qui-quadrado. Para avaliar as alterações iniciais e finais dentro do grupo experimental, realizou-se o teste t para amostras dependentes. O distalizador Distal Jet não alterou o posicionamento ântero-posterior da maxila e mandíbula, entretanto, provocou um aumento no padrão de crescimento facial decorrente da alteração significante do ângulo do plano mandibular (FMA). Os primeiros molares superiores apresentaram uma distalização significante, porém, não sofreram uma inclinação distal e extrusão estatisticamente significantes. Os segundos molares superiores inclinaram-se distalmente, extruíram e distalizaram significantemente. O efeito recíproco do Distal Jet, sobre a unidade de ancoragem, promoveu uma significante vestibularização e protrusão dos incisivos superiores, bem como uma mesialização dos primeiros pré-molares superiores, repercutindo no aumento do overjet. Não ocorreram alterações significantes na extrusão dos primeiros pré-molares e incisivos superiores, no overbite e no perfil facial.This study evaluated the dentoskeletal and soft tissue changes promoted by the intraoral distalizer Distal Jet, by analysis of lateral cephalograms. The sample was composed of 44 patients, divided into two groups, as follows. Group 1 (study group) was composed of 22 patients, being 5 males and 17 females, with Class II malocclusion, among which 72,72% exhibited ½ Class II, 18,18% ¼ Class II, and 9,09% ¾ Class II. The initial age ranged from 10,54 years to 14,77 years (mean 12,71 years). These patients were treated with the intraoral distalizer Distal Jet for a mean period of 1,20 years. Group 2 (control group) comprised 22 patients, being 13 males and 9 females, aged 11,03 to 14,63 years (mean 12,27 years) at the onset of follow-up, presenting with untreated Class II malocclusion, who were followed for a mean period of 1,18 years. The groups were rendered compatible as to age, period of treatment/observation, severity of malocclusion and initial cephalometric variables. The Student t test for independent samples was applied to compare the initial and final ages, period of treatment/observation, initial cephalometric variables and actual mean changes in the comparison between groups. The severity of malocclusion between groups was analyzed by the chi-square test. The initial and final changes for the study group were evaluated by the t test for dependent samples. The Distal Jet distalizer did not change the anteroposterior positioning of maxilla and mandible, yet promoted an increase in facial growth pattern due to a significant change in mandibular plane angle (FMA). The maxillary first molars exhibited significant distalization, yet did not present statistically significant distal inclination and extrusion. The maxillary second molars presented significant distal inclination, extrusion and distalization. The reciprocal effect of Distal Jet on the anchorage unit promoted significant buccal tipping and protrusion of maxillary incisors, as well as mesialization of the maxillary first premolars, leading to an increased overjet. There were no significant changes in the extrusion of maxillary first premolars and incisors, overbite and facial profile
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